When will the pecans be ready? How to grow high yield?

Bigen fruit, also known as thin-shell Carya cathayensis, is one of the more common nuts in China. It is widely planted because of its high nutritional value and ornamental value. At present, it is also being planted in some parts of our country. When will the fruit be planted? How do you plant it?

Planting time

The sowing date of Bigen fruit in the north is April 5-10, and can be brought forward in the south. The seeds of green root fruit for sowing should be fully mature, and it is best to do cold storage stratification or pit stratification before sowing. The stratification temperature is 2 ℃-3 ℃ and the time is 60-90 days. The seeding density is generally 50 cm between rows and 30 cm between plants, about 4500 plants per mu, and the sowing depth is 5-7 cm.

High-yielding planting method

1. Soil preparation and fertilization

The planting of green root fruit should choose the land with deep soil layer, loose, sufficient water source and leeward to the sun, with a row spacing of 4 × 5 m-7 × 8 m. The planting hole should be 1-1.5 m in diameter and 1-1.2 m deep, and the topsoil and heart soil should be opened. First, put a layer of straw at the bottom of the pit, cover the topsoil to 20 cm, put in 50 kg of organic fertilizer, 20 g of methyl enemy powder, 500 g of superphosphate, and mix well with the soil.

two。 Transplanting and planting

Bigen fruit transplantation is carried out after defoliation or before germination, large seedlings with mud balls, 1-2-year-old seedlings should leave more lateral roots and fibrous roots, and timely dipped in mud, so as not to affect root survival, young trees, especially before winter in the same year, we should pay attention to take measures such as burying soil and cultivating soil piles to protect young trees from cold and striping, especially in the cold winter areas of North and Northwest China. Painting white (lime) on the trunk of a big tree can prevent the occurrence of freezing injury of the trunk.

3. Pruning

The early pruning of the green root fruit should be light, and leave more main branches to make it bear fruit early. when pruning, the inner chamber of the crown should be ventilated and transparent, the upper branch of the crown should be kept as far as possible, and the lower part of the crown can be thinned step by step, and the dense branches can be sawed off if necessary. The saw must be cut flat and coated with protective agent to prevent decay. After entering the aging period, all the parts above the regeneration branches of the crown can be sawed off, the germinated regeneration branches can be cultivated, and the dead part of the main branch of the aging crown can be cut off. at the same time of pruning and renewal, it is best to combine deep turning and fertilization.

4. Intermediate ploughing and weeding

The green root orchard can interplant crops such as soybeans, corn and Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz in 1-3 years. In the process of intercropping, the garden should be ploughed and weeded, and an appropriate amount of organic fertilizer such as coke ash, cake manure, barnyard manure and other organic fertilizers should be applied. In addition, weeds, shrubs, thorns and vines are cut off 1-2 times every year to cover the woodland, and the mulch is ploughed into the soil in winter to increase soil fertility.

5. Applying fertilizer to protect fruit

Before the Bigen fruit germinates in spring every year, about 30 kg of urea is applied per mu, 80 kg of special fertilizer for fruit trees is applied during the fruit expansion period, and 3000 kg of base fertilizer is applied in autumn. After entering the fruiting period, applying more fertilizer according to the results can be combined with spraying fertilizer once every 15 days or so, spraying 0.3% urea in the early and late growth stages, 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate from June to July, watering enough overwintering water and sprouting water in winter, timely drainage and waterlogging prevention in the rainy season, fertilizing the fruiting trees twice a year, opening shooting ditches along the tree plate in February, applying 20 kg of corn stalks per plant and 5 kg of dung. In July, the main fertilizer was ternary compound fertilizer, 0.2 kg per square meter.

6. Pest control

The main diseases and insect pests of Bigen fruit are hickory branch blight, longicorn beetle, Spodoptera litura, coffee bark moth and so on, focusing on the prevention and control of orchard diseases and insect pests in winter. At the same time, strengthen the tree potential, prevent branch damage, spray carbendazim or chlorothalonil and other agents during the disease period.