How many times a year does the queen strawberry bear fruit? How to manage the fruit period in order to produce high yield?

Strawberry is a common perennial herb in daily life. It is known as the queen of fruit. It is very popular because it is rich in vitamins. Regular consumption can have the effect of diuresis and thirst. How many times a year do strawberries bear fruit? How to manage the fruit period in order to produce high yield?

How many times a year do strawberries bear fruit?

Strictly speaking, strawberries bear fruit once a year, but now there are greenhouses. Strawberries can be planted twice a year, please note that they are planted twice, not twice, because after a batch of strawberries have been picked, strawberries need to be replanted with seedlings for the second time, and then they will blossom and bear fruit again, but there are not many places to master this technology. for example, we plant a thousand mu of land only once a year, but the difference is that the time is earlier. We can pick it from November 2008 to April-May 2009.

Fruit management techniques:

First, flower thinning and fruiting

The inflorescence of strawberry is polycyme. Generally, each plant has more than one inflorescence, and each inflorescence has 5-30 flowers. The smallest advanced secondary flower can not open, called ineffective flower, or blossom late, the result is too small, no economic value, called ineffective.

Therefore, in the bud separation stage, the first flower should open no later than the first flower, and the weak inflorescences and high-grade buds produced in the lower part of the plant should be thinned, and only 2-3 strong inflorescences were retained per plant, so as to increase the number of fruits, promote ripening, concentrate the harvest time, and prevent plant premature senescence. When the young fruit is green, the deformed fruit and disease and insect fruit can be removed in time, which can make the fruit shape neat and increase the commercial fruit rate.

After fruit thinning, it is suitable to keep 7 and 12 fruits on each inflorescence. Plants that are strong can be retained, while those with weak growth should be thinned. In addition, the inflorescence after fruit picking should be removed in time to promote the emergence of new inflorescences.

Second, topdressing

When strawberries enter the budding and early flowering stage, timely topdressing helps to improve fruit setting rate, fruit quality and yield. This time, topdressing should be based on phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer should be applied. Generally, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer should be applied to 8kg per mu, or 0.3% urea, 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.2% calcium sulfate or 0.05% manganese sulfate can be sprayed on the leaves for 3 times.

During the fruit expansion period, root fertilization was carried out once, urea 8: 10 kg / mu mixed with potassium sulfate 6 kg / mu, foliar topdressing was also carried out, 400-fold Gaomei solution or 300-fold solution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate was sprayed, and some fruit dilatins were mixed at the same time, with an interval of 10-15 days each time.

Combined with topdressing, irrigation was carried out in important periods such as exuberant plant growth and fruit expansion. Pay attention to drainage in the rainy season.

Third, fruit cushion

After strawberry fruit setting, as the fruit increases, the ear gradually droops to the ground. In order to prevent the contact between fruit and soil, cause fruit surface pollution, reduce diseases and insect pests, and improve fruit quality, strawberry orchards without plastic film mulching were made of rice straw or wheat straw 2-3 weeks after flowering. Put the fruit between the plants and put the fruit on the 2-3 inflorescences on a grass ring. About 100,150 kilograms of chopped rice straw or wheat straw are used per mu, and the rice straw or wheat straw is removed immediately after fruit harvest.

Fourth, remove stolons, lateral buds and old leaves

Stolon is the vegetative reproductive organ of strawberry. Usually a mother plant can produce 5-6 stolons, and each stolon can produce 2-3 seedlings. The occurrence of stolons and the growth of seedlings depend on the nutrient supply of the mother plant.

In the production garden, if a large number of stolons are not removed in time, the nutrition consumption of the mother plant will be excessive, the yield of the same year will be reduced, and the quality of flower bud differentiation of strawberry planting in autumn will become worse, at the same time, the storage nutrition of the mother plant will be reduced, which will affect the overwintering of the plant.

Therefore, with the gradual increase of temperature and sunshine during the harvest period, strawberries should often break off stolons when they begin to produce a large number of stolons. At the same time, attention should be paid to the removal of old leaves, diseased leaves and weak axillary buds in order to save nutrients, improve ventilation and light transmission conditions, and reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests.

V. Fruit harvest

Strawberry fruit is soft and juicy and not resistant to storage and transportation, so it is very important to determine the appropriate harvest time. The maturity of strawberry suitable for harvest should be comprehensively considered according to the variety, use and distance from the sales market. The harvest period of strawberry cultivated in open field in North China is from early May to early June.

The harvest standard of strawberries is that the fruit shows that the color is more than 70%; the fresh food should be harvested by medium well; the varieties for processing jams and beverages are required to be harvested when the fruit is fully ripe in order to improve the sugar content and aroma of the fruit; when sold over a long distance, it is appropriate to harvest when seven or eight is ripe, and those sold nearby should be harvested at full ripening, but they should not be too ripe, and the container should not be too deep to prevent berry damage caused by mutual extrusion. Fruit harvesting is best carried out at a time of day when the temperature is lower.

Strawberries blossom and bear fruit one after another, and the harvest can last for 20-40 days, and the ripening periods of different sequences in the same ear are also different, so they must be harvested by stages. At the beginning of harvest, it is picked every 1-2 days, and during the peak harvest period, it is harvested once a day.

When harvesting, pinch the handle with your thumb and forefinger, do not hold the fruit with your hands and pull it hard. Place the fruit gently in the harvesting container and place it on the 2nd and 3rd floor.

The picked fruit requires short stalk, no damage to calyx, no mechanical damage, no diseases and insect pests. General harvesting containers should be shallow, the bottom should be flat, the inner wall is smooth, such as plastic plate, enamel plate, etc., with sponges or other soft backing. The container is usually about 10 cm high. If it is deep, it should not be too full when harvested.