Synthesis of exotic poisonous weeds in northern agro-pastoral ecotone-- Solanum nigrum

Recently, the Ministry of Agriculture organized agricultural resources and environmental protection technicians in 17 provinces and cities (autonomous regions) and experts from relevant scientific research and teaching units, as well as more than 140 representatives of the press to observe the demonstration area of comprehensive prevention and control of calyx nigrum in the depths of Horqin grassland in Baicheng City, Jilin Province. Zhang Guoliang, a researcher from the Institute of Agricultural Environment and Sustainable Development of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, systematically introduced the construction background, scientific research progress and technical popularization of the demonstration area on behalf of the project team.

It is reported that the calyx nigrum

With the support of the national public welfare industry scientific research project, led by the environmental protection institute's degraded environment ecological restoration innovation team, the farmland weed monitoring and control team of the plant protection institute and the scientific research backbone of the agricultural biodiversity utilization innovation team of the environmental protection institute are at the core. with the technical forces of more than 20 scientific research and extension departments, including China Agricultural University, Shenyang Agricultural University and Liaoning-Jilin-Inner Mongolia-Hebei Local Agricultural Environmental Protection Department. To carry out cooperative research on the comprehensive prevention and control technology of Solanum nigrum.

The project team carried out systematic research from different levels of individual, population, community and ecosystem, and clarified the invasion mechanism and ecosystem degradation mechanism of Solanum nigrum, and applied the theories and methods of restoration ecology and plant community succession. Twelve alternative plant combinations, such as alfalfa, tall fescue, Leymus chinensis, Astragalus adsurgens, wheatgrass, Leymus chinensis, Astragalus angustifolia, Festuca chinensis and Leymus chinensis were selected. Seven kinds of chemical control techniques, such as chlorofluoropyloxyacetic acid and lactoprolol, were selected to establish a comprehensive prevention and control demonstration base in the typical harmful area of Solanum nigrum in Horqin steppe. After more than 3 years of demonstration, the average number of soil seed bank of Solanum nigrum in the demonstration area decreased to 100.5 seeds per square meter, which decreased by 99.10% compared with 11133 seeds per square meter in the control area. The average population density of Solanum nigrum in the demonstration area decreased to 4.1plants per square meter, and the population density decreased by 95.59% compared with 93 plants per square meter in the control area. The average dry weight of forage grass in the demonstration area reached 307kg, compared with the control of 21.4kg. The average forage yield per mu lost 285.6 kg, and the direct economic benefit was about 427.5 mu / yuan.

Through technology integration, the project team has constructed a replicable, popularable and sustainable integrated prevention and control technology model of Solanum nigrum. A series of integrated prevention and control technical schemes and industry technical standards of Solanum nigrum are formed, which can be widely applied to degraded grassland, barren slope, barren beach, road, ditch, farmland, woodland and other different habitats. The purpose of this study is to provide a scientific basis for the design of typical control schemes of diffusion corridors and control nodes of Solanum nigrum in Hebei, Shanxi and Beijing. The research results of the project have been widely publicized through training, on-the-spot observation, CCTV "approaching Science" column, Central people's Radio Rural Lecture Hall and other columns, promoting the large-scale popularization and application of calyx Solanum nigrum prevention and control technology.