When does the "longevity food" sweet potato usually start to grow seedlings? How long is the nursery period? How do you plant it?

In the past, when raising sweet potatoes, farmers usually stored them directly until they sprouted and grew vines in the spring, and then cut the vines and cut them into segments and cut them into sections to grow in the soil. In fact, there are many ways to raise sweet potatoes, as long as they master good skills. High yield is not impossible, so when do sweet potatoes usually start to grow? How long is the nursery period? How do you plant it?

Time for raising sweet potato seedlings:

All sweet potato seeds should be bred from mid-February to mid-April. Spring potato breeding is mostly before and after the sting, the breeding in the south of Huaihe River began after mid-February, and the breeding in the north of Huaihe River was completed before April 10, mainly covered with plastic film in hotbed or cold bed. Open-field potato drainage is mostly before April 20, using open-field breeding, not covered with film, it is more appropriate to breed 45 days before planting seedlings.

Methods of raising seedlings:

I. the method of hibernating seedlings of potato vines

The method of hibernating potato vines is to save the potato vines harvested in autumn for sweet potato seedlings in the second year.

1. Rattan cutting: after the harvest of sweet potatoes in autumn, select strong sweet potato vines without frost and disease, remove leaves, retain 1 cm petiole, and cut every two sections.

2. Forced dormancy: soak the cut potato vines in 0.5% Amfidrin solution for two minutes, take out and dry the surface moisture.

3. Sieving sand: filter the ordinary yellow sand with a sieve, remove large grains of sand and impurities, sprinkle water, and the humidity can be dispersed after the sand is squeezed.

4. Sand storage: first dig holes in the ground, unlimited in length and width, with a depth of 1.2m (depending on the thickness of the permafrost in winter, the storage temperature should be 5-10 ℃). Then the potato vines are laid flat in the pit with one layer of rattan and one layer of sand, leaving a gap of 1 centimeter between the vines. The thickness of each layer of sand is not less than 3 cm, and the thickness of the uppermost layer is not less than 15 cm. The surface is covered with plastic film, and in areas with heavy frost, the film is covered with straw or straw curtain. When the sweet potato is planted in the spring of the following year, the vines can be cut. The hibernating seedling method of potato vines can save the occupation of seed potato seedlings and the field management during the seedling raising period. After taking out the potato vines in sand, there are a small amount of new roots, which can survive quickly and grow well after cutting, which can increase the yield of sweet potato per unit area by 15-20%.

Second, the method of raising seedlings with potato roots

The potato root seedling method is to transplant the potato roots harvested in autumn to the greenhouse or the balcony of the building, cultivate sweet potato vines throughout the winter and reserve them as sweet potato seedlings.

The main results are as follows: 1. After the harvest of sweet potato in autumn, choose the strong root of sweet potato without frost and disease. The vine in the upper part of the root leaves 2-3 nodes upward from the root. Remove the leaves and keep 1 cm petiole for use.

2. According to the number of sweet potato seedlings, choose a suitable seedling site, open a small ditch (30 cm wide and 20 cm deep) in the greenhouse, the distance between the center of the ditch is 80 cm, and plant sweet potato roots at a distance of 20 cm on both sides of the trench. Generally plant 12 plants per square meter. Sweet potato roots can be planted in flowerpots on the balcony of the house, and the method is the same as that in greenhouse.

3. In the greenhouse or above the balcony floor of the house (about 1.6 meters from the ground), pull 14-16 iron wire according to the row spacing of sweet potato roots, and tie some plastic or hemp rope to the wire, one end of the rope is tied to the wire, and the other end is tied to the sweet potato root. After the vines on the sweet potato roots germinate, each plant will leave 3 strong sprouts, one sprouting corresponding to a rope, so that the vines can climb up the rope after the sweet potato roots germinate.

4. The newly issued sweet potato vines need to be wound manually on the rope, usually once every 1-2 days. When the sweet potato vines grow to 1.5-2 meters long, and there are about 10 days from transplanting in the field, you can harvest the sweet potato vines, remove the leaves, retain the petiole 1 cm long, cut every two sections, tie a bundle every 200-300 sections, plant in the greenhouse or in the flowerpot, and water thoroughly. The depth is about 5 cm. In about 10 days, small buds sprouted in the upper part of the rattan section and certain roots germinated in the lower part, which could be transplanted into the field at this time.

The method of raising seedlings with potato roots has the characteristics of making full use of space and large amount of seedlings, and sweet potatoes with a certain yield can be harvested from potato roots in spring. Using this method to raise seedlings, the temperature in the greenhouse or balcony should be controlled between 5-25 ℃, not too high or too low. Generally, 400-600 sweet potato seedlings can be cultivated per square meter.

Third, the method of raising seedlings with potato vines

The potato vine seedling raising method is that after the sweet potato harvest in autumn, the strong sweet potato vine without frost and disease is selected, the leaves are removed, the petiole of 1 cm is retained, and the potato vine segment is formed by cutting every two segments. The later operation method is the same as the potato root seedling method.