When will the tonic Codonopsis pilosula be planted? How to grow high yield?

Codonopsis pilosula, also known as Shitou ginseng, Zhongling grass, Huangdang, etc., is the most common medicinal material in mountain forests and thickets. It is currently planted in southwest China, Hebei, Inner Mongolia, Northeast and other areas. When will Codonopsis pilosula be planted? How to grow high yield?

Planting time:

1. Winter sowing: winter sowing is planted between "Frosts Descent" and "the Beginning of Winter". The seeds do not need to be treated in that year, but after rain and snow infiltration in winter, they emerge early, grow vigorously and have strong drought resistance in the second year. Because the seeds of Codonopsis pilosula are small and the soil cover is shallow, winter sowing in winter is easy to blow away the seeds in case of strong wind, resulting in the phenomenon of lack of seedlings.

2. Spring sowing: it is appropriate for spring sowing before and after "the Spring Equinox". The seeds need to be treated, select full and mildew-free seeds, put them into a cloth bag, put them in 40 ℃ warm water, then knead them for about half an hour, until there is no yellow water flowing out, take out the cloth bag, cover them with wet sacks, put them in a place of 25 ℃ and 30 ℃, and wash them with 40 ℃ water every morning and evening to keep them moist. 4 days later, when the seeds germinate, they can be sown.

Planting techniques:

I. selection of land and land preparation

It is appropriate to choose semi-shady sloping land, sandy loam with loose and fertile soil, more humus and good drainage.

Apply 2000-3000 kg of ring fertilizer, 20-30 kg of diammonium phosphate and 30-50 kg of calcium superphosphate per mu, then ploughed, raked fine and leveled into a flat bed with a width of 3-5 meters, depending on the topography. Transplanting is required to be shady, planting on the hillside is more than making beds, and leveling along the slope can be done.

2. Seedling raising and transplanting

There are two ways of propagation of Codonopsis pilosula, direct seeding and seedling transplanting, generally using seedling transplanting method is better.

The nursery land should be carefully ploughed and raked to make the soil fine and loose. Conditional application of rotten compost and plant ash as base fertilizer, without the above fertilizer per mu can be applied 50kg ammonium phosphate or compound fertilizer as base fertilizer.

Seedlings can be sowed in spring or autumn, and it is better to sow in autumn. When the seeds of the same year are sown before and after Bailu, the germination rate can reach 85%.

Select fertile and shady plots on the nursery land, turn deeply, level and rake fine, and pour water through. Sprinkle seeds evenly on top, rake them carefully, and cover with wheat straw to shade the sun. The seedbed should be sprayed frequently to keep the soil moist. The seedling field of Codonopsis pilosula is not fertilized to prevent overgrowth. After the seedlings come out, remove the mulch, when the seedling height is about 6 cm, the appropriate seedlings, in case too dense affect the growth, pull the grass in time.

III. Field management

1. Ploughing, weeding and topdressing:

For Codonopsis pilosula seedlings or transplants, weeding was carried out for the first time when the seedling height was 6 cm and 10 cm, and the second weeding was carried out with topdressing when the seedling height was 15 cm and 18 cm.

Codonopsis pilosula growth period should not be excessive water, when the drought is serious, appropriate watering, topdressing urea or phosphate fertilizer 1015kg / mu.

2. Erection and seed collection:

When the seedlings of Codonopsis pilosula are 30 cm high, bamboo poles or branches are inserted into the rows to make the stem vines wind around them. Where the stem vines are too thick, they can be thinned properly to facilitate ventilation and light transmission.

When the fruit changes from green to yellow and the seeds inside become yellowish brown, cut off the stems and dry them, shake out the seeds, remove impurities, store them in a cloth bag and place them in a dry and ventilated place for use. If you do not collect seeds, you can not set up a frame, and cut off the stems and vines at any time when they are more than 30cm, so as to facilitate the growth of ginseng roots.

IV. Harvest

One year after transplanting, around Frosts Descent in late October, the underground part of Codonopsis pilosula stopped growing, and it could be excavated. The higher altitude areas were mostly excavated before Frosts Descent, and the lower altitude areas were mostly excavated after Frosts Descent.