Technical points of summer management of fruit trees

The summer management of fruit trees is an important part of the management of fruit trees in a year, which has a great impact on the output of fruit trees in the same year. The following technical points are put forward.

1. Fruit management

1. Use hormones to protect fruit. The crown of Xiehua 2 / 3 was sprayed with 10ppm "2.4murd" or 50ppm "92o" + 0.5% urea + 0.2-0.3% "potassium dihydrogen phosphate" mixture to protect fruit, and sprayed again every 15 days. Navel oranges use "fruit mostly" for three times to protect fruit, or use 12ppm "Etmur2" or "Lusite" to prevent navel yellow, or use "yellowish ester" to coat the top of the fruit.

two。 Fruit thinning and bagging. Shatian pomelo and summer orange thinned and fixed fruit in mid-and late June, and removed diseased fruit, deformed fruit, small fruit and dense fruit. The amount of fruit retained can be determined according to the ratio of leaves to fruits. Sweet orange varieties 40Mel 50 leaves left one fruit, Shatian pomelo 100Mel 150 leaves left one fruit. On the basis of fruit thinning and fruit thinning, spray insecticide and fungicide once: 1000 times of "green crystal" + 500 times of carbendazim or 1000 times of "Dasheng MMI 45". Bag the liquid in time after it dries.

Second, apply stable fruit fertilizer and strong fruit fertilizer

1. Stable fruit fat. Fertilizing trees in the middle of May, the tree potential is weak and the number of flowers is large, especially the adult Shatian pomelo trees should be fertilized once in soil, mainly phosphorus and potassium, so as to reduce physiological fruit drop.

two。 Strong fruit is fat. In the first and middle of July (deciduous fruit trees in early and mid-May, Shatian pomelo in late June), the first strong fruit fertilizer was applied. Generally, each fruit-bearing tree is treated with human and animal manure 40: 60 kg, urea 0.3 kg, calcium superphosphate 0.5 kg, plant ash 2: 3 kg (or potassium sulfate 0.5 kg), and 100,200 kg of water at the same time. After the Beginning of Autumn, the second strong fruit fertilizer was applied to promote fruit expansion. The application of "Kaifeng" special compound fertilizer for fruit trees is recommended in fruit industry station, which plays a significant role in improving fruit quality and yield.

3. Irrigation. After entering the summer drought period in July, Lianqing needs to be irrigated once every 7 days, 100kg / plant each time, in order to ensure the need of moisture for fruit expansion.

Third, seize the critical period to control diseases and insect pests

1. Prevention and control of citrus red and yellow spiders: while preventing and controlling red and yellow spiders in spring, we should continue to do a good job in the prevention and control of red and yellow spiders, and do a good job in effective prevention and control on the basis of prediction and forecast. the effective pesticides are "Nisolang", "Guosheng", "sweeping mite net", "Golden mite", "absolute mite bully" and so on.

two。 Scale insects: the occurrence of scale insects is generally serious, so we should pay attention to observation and control. It is best to choose "Guosheng" 800Mel 1000 times liquid and spray it again every 10 days. You can also choose "green crystal" biological pesticides. At the same time, it can also treat mites.

3. Longicorn beetles: from mid-May to early June, the adults of longicorn beetles were captured artificially, and the eggs and larvae of longicorn beetles were killed in early June.

4. Rust wall lice: from June to September, whenever there is copper rust color in the leaves, the control begins, once every 10 days, for 3 consecutive times. The medicament can choose 65% "Dyson Zinc" 800x solution or "Guosheng" 1000 times.

5. Leaf miner: the leaf miner is mainly harmful to tender shoots, which mostly occurs from June to July. When the bud grows to 2Mel 3mm, spray immediately, once every 7 days, continuously spray 2MUR 3 times. Pyrethroid pesticides are mainly selected, and the effect of "green crystal" biological pesticides is very good.

6. Pear tiger, pear big, pear small heart borer, pear net spring, pear black heart disease, etc.: you can choose 90% "trichlorfon" 800mur1000 times solution + 65% "carbendazim" (or "carbendazim") 600 times solution for prevention and control.

Do a good job of pruning fruit trees in summer

The summer pruning of fruit trees can be divided into pre-flowering and post-flowering pruning, the purpose of pre-flowering pruning is to adjust the amount of pruning flowers, the purpose of May-July summer pruning is to improve light and promote the development of high-quality autumn shoots, and the purpose of August-October summer pruning is to promote flower bud differentiation.

The pruning of young trees is mainly for shaping.

The main tasks of citrus summer pruning from May to July:

1. For summer shoots, fruit trees should be wiped out thoroughly, and young trees should pick their hearts in time. It is better to wipe summer shoots sooner rather than later, mainly to wipe summer buds, and prosperous trees leave 3 leaves for summer shoots to pick hearts.

2. In July, the unreasonable branches and tips of the crown were cut off to improve ventilation and light transmission. At the same time, the combination of fruit thinning short part of falling fruit branches and fruit thinning branches to promote the development of high-quality autumn shoots, laying the foundation for the next year's high yield.

3. Summer is the best time for branch pulling, roof cutting and shaping of young Shatian pomelo trees, so as to improve the ventilation and light transmission of the crown; at the same time, prepare for the use of hormones to promote flowers at the end of August.

V. other work

1. Weeding the orchard. In order to prevent soil erosion, maintain soil fertility, advocate no-tillage, retain low weeds, improve orchard ecological environment, reduce soil temperature in summer, remove or cut tall weeds, and improve orchard ventilation and light transmission.

two。 Do a good job of "high grafting and replacement" of old and inferior fruit trees and de-sprouting, supporting branches, heart-picking and other work of high-grafting and replacement trees.