Mountain dragon wild lotus root rot disease how to prevent and cure? What are the current costs and benefits of planting?

Lotus root, also known as Jade, Rong Yujie, Jade Linglong, Jade Bamboo shoot, Jade arm Dragon, Jade Lotus Root, Light side, Rain Grass, Linglong wrist, like temperature, not tolerant of shade, should not be short of water, strong wind, mainly cultivated in swamps. How to prevent and cure lotus root rot? What are the current costs and benefits of planting?

How to prevent and cure lotus root rot?

Symptoms:

It is a fungal disease, which mainly affects the underground stem of lotus root, causing browning and rot, and causing aboveground wilt. The symptoms of underground stem damage were not obvious in the early stage, irregular brown spots appeared in diseased stem, lotus whip and root in the later stage, dissection of diseased stem and vascular bundle browning in the center. The color of the leaves of the damaged plants became light, and then water-stained wilting appeared on the edge of the leaves, resulting in the curl and death of the whole leaf. The pathogen overwintered with mycelium in lotus root or soil, and the seed lotus root and field with bacteria were the main sources of primary infection of the disease.

Prevention and control measures:

The main results are as follows: 1. In the old lotus root area, in addition to leaving the seeds of the lotus root field, the residual stem should be cut down and burned in time after harvest; the harvested lotus root field can be planted in winter, and the fields without overwintering crops and water-free fields should be deeply turned and sunburned in winter. The field can be irrigated and soaked in winter when the water source is good, and it is difficult for bacteria to survive the winter in the paddy field.

2. Lime treatment: before the first ploughing, 100,150kg quicklime and 25kg 30kg lime nitrogen are evenly spread per mu, and then turned deeply into the soil, which can not only play the role of fertilization, but also play the role of adjusting soil pH and disinfection, effectively kill a variety of pathogenic bacteria.

3. Choosing disease-free to stay in the field can avoid planting lotus root bacteria and reduce the source of primary infection.

4. after the seed lotus root is dug up, soak the seed lotus root with 33.5% quinoline copper 1000 times solution plus 70% methyl topiramate wettable powder for about 10 hours, fish out and dry before planting; the above agents can also be used to cover the seed lotus root film after spraying, sealing and disinfecting for 24 hours, and planting after drying.

5. For crop rotation, it is better to use water-dry rotation every other year, and generally continuous cropping does not exceed 3 years. Paddy-upland rotation can purify soil, reduce disease accumulation, regulate soil nutrients, improve soil structure and improve disease resistance.

6. Apply enough mature organic fertilizer and topdressing at the right time. Topdressing requires the combined application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, as well as trace fertilizers such as molybdenum fertilizer, zinc fertilizer and boron fertilizer.

7. In the early stage of the disease, pull out the diseased plant in time, mix 50kg of fine soil with 500g of carbendazim + 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder per mu, mix well and spread it in the field of shallow lotus root for 3 hours, and at the same time apply 1000 times liquid foliar spray with 50%, once every 7 days and 3 times in a row. The lotus root field can also be drained in the middle of June, and the soil around the lotus tree can be irrigated with 600-fold liquid of Dixong, and then rewatered the next day, once every 5-7 days, and sprayed 4 times in a row.

What are the costs and benefits of planting lotus root?

The investment in planting lotus root can be large or small, the general land rent is about 1200 yuan / mu, chemical fertilizer and pesticide is about 600yuan / mu, lotus root seed is about 1600 yuan / mu, and the labor cost of cultivation and fertilization is about 1600 yuan / mu. Water and electricity and other costs are about 5200 yuan / mu. At the same time, Loach and Monopterus Albus can be raised in lotus root field. Take Loach as an example, 100jin Misgurnus anguillicaudatus seedlings per mu will cost about 1500 yuan. Therefore, the investment cost of planting lotus root is 6700 yuan per mu.

Profit per mu:

1. Vegetable lotus root: the yield of vegetable lotus root per mu is 6600 jin, the vegetable production rate is 80%, and the wholesale price is 1.6 yuan per jin, that is, 6600 yuan, 0.8 yuan, 1.6 yuan, 8448 yuan.

2. Lotus root seed: the yield of lotus root is 6600 jin per mu, the rate of finished product is 80%, and the wholesale price is 2.6 yuan per jin, that is, 6600 yuan, 0.8 yuan, 2.6 yuan, 13,728 yuan.

3. Loach: put 100 jin / mu in June, catch 200 jin / mu in November, the wholesale price is 18 yuan / jin, that is, 100kg 1800yuan.

4. Profit: the total income of lotus root per mu is 23976 yuan, minus the cost of 6700 yuan, the net profit is about 17276 yuan.

Prospect Analysis:

1. The lotus root is full of treasures, and its roots, stems, leaves, flowers and fruits are of economic value. In addition to lotus root and lotus seed for consumption, division, lotus leaf, lotus heart, etc., can also make dishes or beverages and health products. Europe and Central China generally contain 10% 20% starch and 1% 2% protein. The contents of starch and protein in lotus seeds are as high as 40% 50% and 19% 22% respectively, and they all contain a variety of vitamins. They are excellent hydroacoustic vegetables and non-staple foods. it can be used for raw food, cooked food, processing, canning, making candied fruit and lotus root powder, etc. The products are more resistant to storage and transportation, have a wide market at home and abroad, and are important commodities for export to earn foreign exchange. Lotus root is also a commonly used medicine in traditional Chinese medicine, such as lotus root, lotus root, lotus heart, petals, stamens, lotus leaves and so on.

2. Lotus root is widely distributed in China and is rich in resources, from the northeast to Hainan Island, from the coast of the East China Sea to the Xizang Plateau. The main cultivation areas are in the Chengjiang River Basin and the Huang-Huai River Basin. Hubei, Jiangsu, Anhui and other provinces have the largest planting area, with the development and utilization of the vast number of water villages and lakes and shoals, the adjustment of rural industrial structure and further opening up to the outside world. The production and sales of lotus root in China will be improved by new development.