When do Rosaceae plum trees usually blossom and bear fruit? When is the pruning time? What kind of medicine should be used to protect flowers and fruits after flowering?

Plum tree, alias cherry plum, common fruit tree, deciduous small tree, height up to 8 meters; more than mountain peach as rootstock grafting breeding, can also be cuttings breeding. When do plum trees usually blossom and bear fruit? When is the pruning time? What kind of medicine should be used to protect flowers and fruits after flowering?

When do plum trees usually blossom and bear fruit?

Flowering:

Plums bloom in April. Flowers usually 3 concomitant; pedicels 1-2 cm, usually glabrous; flowers 1.5-2.2 cm in diameter; calyx tube campanulate; sepals oblong-ovate, ca. 5 mm, apex acute or obtuse, margin sparsely toothed, nearly as long as calyx tube, calyx tube and sepals outside glabrous, inner surface sparsely pilose at the base of calyx tube Petals white, oblong-Obovate, apex Erose, base cuneate, obviously purplish veined, with short claws, inserted at the edge of calyx tube, 2-3 times longer than calyx tube; stamens numerous, filaments unequal, arranged in irregular 2 whorls, shorter than petals; pistil 1, stigma discoid, style slightly longer than stamens.

Results:

The plum tree bears fruit for 3 years. The amount of fruit varies with the age of the tree.

Plum trees generally see fruit in the second year (3-5 fruits per tree), 10-20 jin per tree with 3-5 years old, and 50-80 jin or even more than 100 jin in full fruit period according to the growth potential of the tree.

In addition, the first 3-4 years of planting should promote the development of trees and cultivate high-yield skeletons. In the full fruit period, we should pay attention to coordinate the relationship between yield and fruit quality, so as to avoid the phenomenon of high yield and poor harvest.

When will the plum tree be pruned?

The best time for pruning plum trees is as follows:

The main results are as follows: 1. the young tree grows vigorously in the young tree stage, and it is very easy to form strong branches. the main task of pruning is to shape and expand the tree crown, not only to cultivate a good tree structure, but also to consider the early yield. Therefore, pruning should be light rather than heavy, mainly to sparse and ease summer sprouting and coring. The seedlings are cut short at 60cm to 80cm, and the extracted branches are purposefully preserved. When the branches grow to 80cm, the temporary branches are coring when 60cm, in order to promote the medium and short branches to form fruiting branches.

2. Plums planted in the fruiting period for 2 ~ 3 years will soon blossom and bear fruit and form a yield. The purpose of pruning is to continue to do a good job in plastic surgery, expand the crown and cultivate as many fruiting branches as possible. During winter pruning, backbone branches at all levels should be cut short at full buds, erect branches and overlapping branches should be removed, and summer pruning, coring, truncation and thinning should be continued. As long as the position and direction of the sprouting branches inside the crown are suitable, attention should be paid to keeping them slowly and not pruning, changing the branch potential and forming fruiting branches.

3. After shaping and pruning in the full fruiting period, the tree structure is all formed, which is the golden period of plum life. The yield increased year after year, the branch growth decreased, and the reproductive growth was greater than the vegetative growth. In this period, on the basis of strengthening fertilizer and water management, through pruning, controlling the outward movement of the fruiting parts, shortening all levels of backbone branches, renewing and cultivating the fruiting branches group, thinning the overdense erect branches and improving the internal light conditions. Keep the tree strong and prolong the full fruit period.

4. in the aging period, with the increase of tree age, the growth of branches decreases relatively, and most of the branches are planted in the periphery and at the top. The main task is to renew and rejuvenate the fruiting branches, to culture and produce new branches by removing the weak and staying strong, shrinking the fruiting branches in successive years, and to restore the tree potential, increase the yield and obtain economic benefits.

What kind of medicine should be used to protect flowers and fruits after the plum tree blossoms?

1. Spraying 300-fold boric acid or borax at full bloom can increase the fruit setting rate.

2. Plum eating bee control: the bud is enlarged (about to bloom, at the end of flowering (80%), and 1000 times cypermethrin is sprayed at intervals of 10 days.

3. Peach borer control: spraying 1000 times cypermethrin + 1500 times thiazuron 3 in late May, re-spraying at an interval of 10 days.

4. Medicine to protect flowers and fruits. Spray "Hualeduo" or "whole tree fruit" three times during the plum flowering period, that is, spray once when the flowers bloom about 10%, spray again during the blooming period, and spray again during the blooming period. During the plum blossom, there is always continuous spring rain, so be sure to pay attention to it and seize the time to spray during the rain break. Biological hormone drugs can also be used to protect flowers and fruits, and the effect is also very significant. Such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate, borax, 2Power4D and so on can be sprayed. Biological hormones should also be sprayed three times to protect flowers and fruits, and the effect is the best. Chemical flower and fruit protection is innumerable times stronger than natural pollination and artificial pollination. But we must pay attention to the weather changes, grab the sunny day, grab the rain interval, and carry out medicine to protect flowers and fruits. During this period to control heart-eating insects harm plum flowers, combined with chemical spray to add an appropriate amount of insect control agents on the line.

5. the combination of natural pollination and artificial pollination. In addition to chemical flower and fruit protection, natural pollination and artificial pollination are also very important. Natural pollination is carried out by bees and butterflies. Artificial pollination can use soft cloth strips or feather duster to gently pat and shake the flowers so as not to hurt the flowers. The flower branches of high-quality fruit trees can also be inserted into water bottles and hung on the trees to allow bees, butterflies and wind to carry out natural pollination. Artificial pollination is combined with natural pollination. Appropriate natural pollination should be carried out when the plum tree is in bloom, that is, bee pollination should be carried out naturally, and attention should be paid to observing the situation. Artificial pollination should be carried out when the effect of natural pollination is not good. The combination of these two methods is the guarantee to increase the yield in the future.