What are the differences between wine and red wine and dry red wine? What is the efficacy and function of wine? Attached: brewing method

Grape wine is a kind of fruit wine brewed from grapes. Its alcohol content is higher than beer and lower than white wine. Rich nutrition, health care effect is obvious. Many people ask: What is the difference between red wine and wine? What is the difference between red wine and red wine?

First of all, I can tell you clearly that red wine ≠ wine!

Red wine is only one of many categories of wine, and it represents only red wine. And we say "dry red", English name "Dry red wine", is a kind of red wine.

Classification of wine

In terms of color, the finished product can be divided into three categories: red wine, white wine and pink wine. Red wine can be subdivided into dry red wine, semi-dry red wine, semi-sweet red wine and sweet red wine. White wine is subdivided into dry white wine, semi-dry white wine, semi-sweet white wine and sweet white wine. In terms of brewing methods, it can be divided into four categories: wine, sparkling wine, fortified wine and flavored wine.

Wine can be divided into three categories according to color, red wine (red wine), white wine and rosé wine.

White wine: White grapes or red skin white grapes made of isolation fermentation. The color of the wine is slightly yellow with green, approximately colorless or pale yellow, straw yellow, golden yellow. Where dark yellow, khaki, brown or brown yellow and other colors, do not meet the color requirements of white wine.

Red wine: red skin white or red skin of grapes by grape skin and juice mixed fermentation. Wine color is natural deep ruby red, ruby red, purple or pomegranate red, where yellow brown, brown or earthy brown color, do not meet the color requirements of red wine.

Rosé wine: Made by fermentation of colored red grapes in their skins or by separate fermentation. Wine color is reddish, pink, orange or rose. Any color too dark or too light do not meet the requirements of rose wine. This type of wine has freshness and obvious fruity flavor, tannins should not be too high. Rose grape, pinot noir, carry wine, french blue and other varieties are suitable for brewing rosé wine. Another red, white wine blending according to a certain proportion can also be regarded as rosé wine.

2, according to the sugar content of wine can be divided into

Dry wine: wine with sugar content (calculated by glucose) less than or equal to 4g/L.

Semi-dry wine: wine with sugar content greater than 4 g/L and less than or equal to 12g/L.

Semi-sweet wine: wine with sugar content greater than 12g/L and less than or equal to 45g/L.

Sweet wine: wine with sugar content greater than 45g/L.

This distinction requires our tongue, taste not sweet is dry type; slightly sweet is semi-dry; sweet is semi-sweet; lick to hair greasy is sweet type.

3. Wine can be divided into still wine and sparkling wine according to its state.

We usually drink dry red dry white wine is static class, from the bottle type and appearance can also distinguish the static class and foaming class difference.

Champagne is a kind of sparkling wine, and only the sparkling wine produced in the Champagne region of France is called Champagne.

Sparkling wines from other regions have different names, such as Cava in Spain and Sekt in Germany.

The efficacy and function of wine

Medical research shows that: grape nutrition is very high, and grape wine as raw materials also contains a variety of amino acids, minerals and vitamins, these substances are the body must supplement and absorb nutrients. There are about 600 known beneficial ingredients in wine. The nutritional value of wine has also been widely recognized. According to experts, grape roots over 25 years old take deep roots in the underground soil, and relatively ingest minerals and trace elements. Wine brewed from this fruit has the most nutritional value.

1, the nutritional role of wine

Wine is a high-grade beverage with a variety of nutrients. Moderate drinking wine can directly affect the nervous system of the human body and improve muscle tension. In addition, wine contains a variety of amino acids, minerals and vitamins, which can be directly absorbed by the body. Therefore, wine can play a good role in maintaining and regulating the physiological functions of the human body, especially for those who are weak, have sleep disorders and the elderly.

Wine contains a variety of inorganic salts, among which potassium can protect the myocardium and maintain heart beating; calcium can calm nerves; magnesium is a protective factor for cardiovascular disease, and magnesium deficiency is easy to cause coronary arteriosclerosis. These three elements constitute an important part of human bones and muscles; manganese has the role of coagulation and synthesis of cholesterol and insulin.

2. Special effects of wine on women

Women who know red wine often have silky soft skin. The reason is that the place that women like most is the magical effect of beauty and health.

The beauty and anti-aging function of red wine comes from the super antioxidant contained in wine. SOD can neutralize free radicals produced by the body, protect cells and organs from oxidation, prevent spots, wrinkles and skin relaxation, and restore whitening luster to skin. The red controllers affectionately called it a "drinkable mask."

Another effect of red wine-weight loss, each liter of wine contains 525 calories, but these calories are only equivalent to 1/15 of the average daily calories needed by the human body. After drinking, wine can be directly absorbed and digested by the body, and can be consumed within 4 hours without weight gain. Therefore, people who drink wine regularly can not only supplement the water and various nutrients needed by the human body, but also help to lose weight. Red wine potassium tartrate, potassium sulfate, potassium oxide content is higher, can prevent edema and maintain acid-base balance in the body.

3. Wine helps digestion

After drinking wine, if there is 60 to 100ml of wine in the stomach, the amount of gastric juice can be increased to 120ml.

If you drink alcohol, you must pay attention to the following points:

1. Good blood sugar control, no chronic diseases and diabetic complications of other important organs;

2. Do not inject insulin and oral sulfonylurea hypoglycemic drugs;

3. Normal liver function;

4. Eat when drinking to avoid hypoglycemia;

Alcohol consumption: wine does not exceed 100~150ml each time; beer does not exceed 350ml, do not drink white wine, the above amount of alcohol is equivalent to about 25g of staple food, should be subtracted from the diet plan, drinking no more than 2 times a week.

6. Wine contains sorbitol and tannin, which is beneficial to the secretion of bile and pancreatic juice, increases the contractility of smooth muscle fibers in the intestinal muscle system, strengthens the digestion and absorption of food by the gastrointestinal tract, and can also adjust the function of the colon. It has certain curative effect on colitis.

Wine brewing methods

1. Picking and stemming: After picking the ripe grapes, screening them first, picking out the rotten dried grapes and grass leaves, washing and drying the rest and putting them into the stemming machine to stemmed them. Red wine is sometimes made with grape stems.

2, broken skin and pressing: red wine brewing, grapes are fermented with skin, white wine brewing, grapes will be pressed before fermentation.

3. Juicing and fermentation: After juicing, you can get the raw material of wine-making-grape juice. With grape juice, we can ferment wine. Through fermentation, the sugar contained in grapes can be gradually converted into alcohol and carbon dioxide. Artificial dry yeast may be added to fermentation, and some wineries use natural yeast.

Add sulfur dioxide: To maintain the fruity flavor and freshness of the wine, sulfur dioxide must be added immediately after fermentation. Sulfur dioxide prevents oxidation of wine caused by oxygen in the air.

Ripening: After fermentation, most red wines are transferred to oak barrels for ripening. Some wines are not suitable for oak barrels, but stainless steel tanks to maximize fresh fruit.

Clarification and bottling: In order to maintain the stability and beauty of the wine structure, it is necessary to clarify the grapes, there are two methods of natural clarification and artificial clarification, and finally bottling.