When do jujube trees bloom? When is the best time to transplant and prune?

Jujube trees grow in mountains, hills or plains below 1700 meters above sea level. It is widely cultivated. This species is native to China and is often cultivated in Asia, Europe and America. So when will the jujube blossom? When is the best time for transplanting and pruning?

When does the jujube blossom? Jujube blossoms from May to June, Cymes axillary, flowers small, yellowish green.

Biological habits of jujube

Jujube, Rhamnaceae, jujube is a deciduous tree, up to 10 meters high, the crown is ovate. Bark grayish brown, laciniate. Branches can be divided into long branches, short branches and detached branchlets. Long branches are reddish brown, curved in zigzag shape, smooth, with stipules spiny or inconspicuous; short branches alternate on long biennial branches; deciduous branchlets are slender, no buds, clustered on short branches and fall with leaves after autumn. Leaves ovate to ovate-long-elliptic, apex obtuse, margin serrulate, basal Ternate-veined, glossy, both sides glabrous. Flowering from May to June, Cymes axillary, flowers small, yellowish green. Drupe ovate to oblong, ripe from August to September, dark red when ripe. The pyrenes are hard and pointed at both ends. Jujube is more drought-resistant, does not need much water, is suitable for growing in barren soil, and the tree grows slowly, so the wood is hard and meticulous, not easy to deform, and is suitable for making carvings. The jujube rolling pin is of the best quality.

When is the best time to transplant jujube trees

Although it can be planted in both spring and autumn, it is mainly planted in spring because of the higher temperature required for the rooting and germination of jujube seedlings and the late germination of jujube seedlings. Under the same conditions, the survival rate can be as high as 90% after transplanting in spring budding period. In the northern region, from late February to early May (the temperature is above 18 ℃), because the sap has flowed, the jujube seedlings begin to grow, the injured roots are easy to recover and regenerate, and the underground nutrients can be transported to the aboveground parts in time, which is easy to survive. If planted prematurely in spring, jujube seedlings will lose too much water, and the root system will be difficult to supplement, which will affect the survival.

What should be paid attention to in transplanting jujube trees

1. The treatment of tree pits when planting is the most standard according to the specification 40: 40, but some people dig a hole casually and put it into it. In this regard, I still agree with the 40-40 pit. The key is to pay attention to the treatment of the saplings after they are put into the pit. Filling the soil in the 40-40 pit is looser than the soil in the small pit, which is more conducive to the root of jujube seedlings.

2. Don't fill the bottom of the pit with fertilizer. Some people always like to fill the newly planted tree pit with fertilizer. Don't you know that it is easy to burn roots? if the fertilizer is fermented after watering, it will cause the seedlings to wilt again after sprouting.

3. When burying saplings, be careful not to bury them too deep. Under reasonable circumstances, the higher the ground temperature, the easier it is to take root. When buried deep, the ground temperature will be low, and the loss will often outweigh the gain, resulting in dead seedlings and slow growth after germination. The most reasonable thing is where the soil layer is at the time of seedling emergence, or where it is buried.

4. after the saplings are put into the pit, the soil that has just been filled should be stepped on with your feet so that the soil is in close contact with the roots, and so is the soil behind. It is most important to avoid not stepping on it at the beginning and after burying it in the back, so that it is easy to get wet on the clayey soil, which is good above, and the water shrinks after watering below, resulting in hollow in the middle and drying the roots and dead seedlings.

5. after watering, some people say that the lower the better, but in fact, this is not the case. According to the situation of the base area, you can basically ensure that the head will not drown when watering, and seal the tree head with paint after it is set to dry. Generally speaking, it will be all right from 10 murals to 30.

6. Plastic film should be laid in time after drying, one can increase the ground temperature, another can conserve water, the third can prevent underground alkali from turning up, and film laying is an important link to improve the survival rate.

7. Watering saplings should be watered in time after burying. If possible, sandy land needs 3 water for 10 days, and 2 water for 3-5 days after normal water. One water should be watered thoroughly, and two water and three water should follow. Do not believe some books or hometown experience, Xinjiang extremely high temperature during the day, not enough water, the seedlings will be steamed dry. To ensure that the land is moist, let the roots fully absorb water after planting. Special land, such as the second type of soil (clay), should pay attention to the fact that the water is not too dense, otherwise there will be rotting roots. Deal with specific things in detail.

When is the best time for jujube pruning?

The pruning of jujube trees should be "mainly in winter, the combination of winter and summer, early harvest, high quality and reasonable load". It is better to prune jujube trees in winter from after defoliation to before sprouting in the following year; summer pruning can inhibit the excessive growth of jujube head, reduce nutrition consumption, increase fruit setting rate and improve the yield and quality of jujube fruit.

Pruning methods of jujube trees:

In the pruning of dwarfing and dense planting of jujube trees, the sixteen-character pruning policy of "promoting front and back control, blocking and putting down, wiping, twisting, stretching, cutting and binding" should be strictly carried out.

Pre-promotion and post-control: the early growth stage (1-2 years) of jujube tree promotes the rapid growth of jujube tree and forms the crown as much as possible. Post-control: when the crown is basically formed (3 years later), crown control measures should be taken to control the crown expansion and promote its fruit.

Plug up and put down: the use of retraction, coring and other measures to control the crown height growth, the general crown height is controlled at about 2-2.5 meters. Put down: while jujube trees bear fruit, measures such as truncation should be taken to promote the germination of new branches in the lower part of jujube trees.

Support: in the process of shaping young trees, the branches with small base angle and suitable direction are propped up to the ideal angle with a stick.

Pull branch: is to use wire or rope to pull valuable branches to a certain angle and orientation.

Ring cutting: cut the trunk 1 cm above the main bud with scissors, reaching to the xylem to promote the germination of the main bud and the emergence of new jujube heads.

Binding: 1 cm above the main bud, bind the trunk with iron wire to make the wire deep into the phloem and deep into the xylem. Remove the wire in time after the main bud germinates to prevent strangulation into the trunk or break the trunk.

Sprouting: the useless buds germinated on the jujube tree during the germination or growth period can be erased many times a year and should be erased along with the germination.

Coring: when the jujube head grows to a certain length, the new top is removed, and the degree of coring depends on the growth intensity and size of the jujube head. Generally, the growth potential is weak and strong, the growth potential is strong and light, the space is large and light, leaving 5-7 secondary branches. Space Xiaoqiang left 2-4 secondary branches.

Curve: if the orientation angle of the new branch is not ideal, bend it to the desired space while it is not completely Lignified.

Twist: a new branch that has room for development, but its growth direction and angle is not ideal. When it is semi-Lignified, it is sprained from the base by hand to bend the branch to the ideal direction and angle.