What are the common seed germination methods of fruits and vegetables such as tomato and eggplant? How many days can it sprout?

The seeds of fruits and vegetables such as tomato and eggplant germinate slowly and need to be accelerated. Usually, the seeds are sterilized, soaked, and then germinated. What are the seed germination methods of fruits and vegetables such as tomato and eggplant? How many days can it sprout?

After the treatment of accelerating germination, the germination rate of seeds will be greatly improved. Seed soaking and sprouting is beneficial to the rapid and orderly germination of melon leaf vegetable seeds, improve the utilization rate of seedling bed, and prevent rotten seeds caused by low temperature in early spring. At the same time, soaking seeds with warm scalding can also kill the germs on the surface of seeds and prevent seed infectious diseases and insect pests. Seed soaking time should be appropriate, if the seed is too short, the seed can not fully absorb moisture and expand, if it is too long, it absorbs too much water, and the seed is easy to rot.

1. Disinfection of vegetable seeds

1. Soak the seeds in warm soup: first soak the seeds with a small amount of cold water, then pour into hot water, measure the temperature with a rod thermometer, make the water temperature reach 55 ℃, stir in one direction, and stop stirring when the water temperature drops to 30 ℃. Eggplant seeds were soaked for 8-12 hours and tomato seeds for 6-8 hours. After soaking, the eggplant seeds rub off the mucus from the seed coat with fine sand, separate the seeds with clean water, and then rinse clean to accelerate germination. Tomato seeds are fluffy. After coming out of the water, you need to squeeze the water out, spread it out and dry it out before sprouting.

two。 Medicament soaking seeds: eggplant fruit vegetable seeds are soaked in a certain concentration of medicine solution, after a certain period of time, rinse with clean water, and then soak seeds to accelerate germination. The dosage of the solution is 2 times that of the seed.

Tomato seed

① uses 40% formalin 100x solution and 10% trisodium phosphate solution, first soak the wet seeds in clean water for 3-4 hours, then soak the wet seeds in the medicine solution for 15-20 minutes, take them out, wrap them with a wet cloth and seal them in a bowl for 2-3 hours, then rinse with clean water to accelerate germination. Formalin disinfection can control tomato early blight and trisodium phosphate can control virus disease.

Soaking the seeds with dilute hydrochloric acid for 3 hours by ② could kill tomato tobacco mosaic virus.

③ soaked the seeds in 40 ℃ warm water for 3-4 hours, moved them into 0.1% potassium permanganate solution for 30 minutes, took them out and washed them with clean water to reduce tomato canker and mosaic disease.

Eggplant seed

① was soaked in 1% potassium permanganate solution for 30 minutes. After repeated washing, the seeds were soaked in warm soup to eliminate the pathogens attached to the seed surface.

② was soaked in 0.1% carbendazim solution for 1 hour, washed and then soaked to accelerate germination, which had a good effect on the prevention and treatment of Verticillium wilt.

③ soaked the seeds in 40% formalin solution for 15 minutes and rinsed with clean water to prevent eggplant brown streak and Verticillium wilt.

Second, soaking seeds to accelerate germination

1. Soak the seeds.

Soak the seeds with 20 ℃-30 ℃ water before germination to make the seeds absorb enough water and speed up the budding speed. The duration of seed soaking varies with seed maturity and water temperature. The more fully mature the seed is, the longer the soaking time is, and the lower the water temperature is, the longer it takes. Generally, tomato seeds need to be soaked for 5-6 hours, and eggplant seeds need to be soaked for 10-12 hours.

two。 Sprouting.

Eggplant fruit vegetable seed germination needs to meet the required temperature, water and oxygen, the light is dark, should be placed in the backlight. The germination was the fastest under the condition of suitable water, good air permeability and no light at 25 ℃-30 ℃. Wrap the soaked seeds in wet gauze or wet towels, place them in large bowls or small bowls and wash them with 25 ℃-30 ℃ water 1-2 times a day. Tomato seeds had better be mixed with fine sand of 3 times the seed volume, put into the water basin, turn 1-2 times a day, and replenish water when the fine sand is dry. Eggplant seeds need to change temperature, 30 ℃ 8 hours every day, 20 ℃ 16 hours alternately, budding neatly. In general, tomato sprouts in 2-3 days, eggplant and chili peppers in 5-6 days.