Is millet millet a cereal crop? How much is the market price per jin? Which regional species are suitable for? When will you plant and harvest? (with local planting techniques)

Recently, the Ministry of Agriculture and Village issued technical guidelines for the production of millet in 2018, which gave planting guidance to the Northeast Spring Mizi District, the Northern Chunmizi District and the Loess Plateau Summer Mizi District. Is that Millet? How much is the market price per jin? Which regional species are suitable for? When will you plant and harvest?

Millet is not millet, millet is an annual herbaceous second cereal crop, it is divided into japonica waxy, millet is non-waxy, non-sticky, generally for consumption. Waxy millet is waxy and sticky. After milled rice is peeled, it is called rhubarb rice or soft yellow rice. It has a wide range of uses. It can be used for pastry. In ancient times, it was also widely used in wine making.

The latest price of Mizi:

The market price of red millet seed has been very stable, the price of each jin of seed is about 60 yuan to 75 yuan, this price is still very low, or within the range that everyone can accept.

Areas suitable for planting:

The perennial planting area of millet in China is more than 8 million mu, which is mainly distributed in the arid and semi-arid areas of Northwest China, North China and Northeast China. The main producing areas include Inner Mongolia and northern Hebei, northern Shanxi, northern Shaanxi, east-central Gansu and southern Ningxia. And parts of Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang.

Planting techniques in different places:

1. Chunmizi District in Northeast China

This area is the main producing area of waxy millet, including Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang and Inner Mongolia Xingan, Tongliao, Chifeng and other places.

(1) to select the best varieties. According to the ecological conditions and production level of various places, high-quality varieties should be selected scientifically to avoid cross-regional introduction without experimental demonstration.

(2) fine land preparation. Millet is a crop cultivated in dry land, so it is appropriate to choose plots with deep plough layer, high fertility, water and fertilizer conservation and good drainage. Millet is not suitable for continuous cropping, legumes, sorghum, wheat, potatoes and other crops are good previous crops. Deep ploughing and soil preparation before sowing requires that the ridge table be flat without soil clods, so as to improve the sowing quality, ensure the whole seedling, store water and preserve soil moisture.

(3) sowing seeds at the right time. Do the seed treatment, dry the seeds in the sun for 2 days, soak the seeds with 15% salt water, skim off the unfilled seeds floating on the water, remove the full seeds, rinse them with water and dry them for sowing. Adopt mechanical strip sowing or manual on-demand sowing, usually from late April to mid-May. When sowing, 10kg / mu of ternary compound fertilizer is applied as base fertilizer, so that the sowing depth is uniform and the soil cover is uniform, with a sowing width of 10m / 12cm and a soil cover thickness of 3cm.

(4) Field management. There are 35000-40 000 basic seedlings per mu. Weeding once after jointing. Jointing stage combined with weeding shovel 1 MUE 2 times, topdressing urea 7 Mu 10 kg. During the heading stage, 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution can be sprayed twice to prevent millet from being fattened in the later growth stage.

(5) Prevention and control of insect pests. Pay attention to the timely control of armyworm and millet beetle at seedling stage. When it is found that corn borer and other boring pests are harmful, it should be controlled in time to ensure the high and stable yield of millet. Attention should be paid to driving away where there are many sparrows.

(6) timely harvest. The maturation period of millet was different, the upper part of the ear matured first, and the middle and lower part matured later, and there was a great difference between the main panicle and the tillering panicle. In general, when the grain at the base of the ear hardens and can be pinched with fingernails, it is a suitable harvest time. If the harvest is too late, the ear of millet will be easily blown off by the wind. When harvesting, it is tied up in small bundles, and the ears are dried without stacking. When harvesting by machine, it can be harvested in stages, cut down and dried first, and then picked up and threshed for 10 days after ripening.

Second, Chunmizi District in North China

The eastern part of the area includes northern Hebei, northwest Shanxi and Wulanchabu City, Inner Mongolia, while the western part includes northern Shaanxi, central Gansu and southern Ningxia arid and semi-arid agricultural regions. Taking the Yellow River as the boundary, waxy millet is mainly planted in the east and japonica millet in the west.

(1) fine ground preparation. Because of the arid climate in this area, sandy soil or middle soil with deep soil layer and high fertility should be selected to avoid continuous cropping, and legume, potato, flax and other crops are better in the first crop. After the harvest of the previous crop, deep ploughing was carried out and raked and suppressed in time. Before sowing, rotary ploughing and raking should be done to make the upper and lower solid, and the topsoil flat.

(2) to select the best varieties. The east-west span of this area is large, and the varieties of planting millet are different. High-quality varieties should be selected scientifically according to local ecological conditions and production level, and cross-regional introduction without experimental demonstration should be avoided.

(3) rational fertilization. Fertilization is mainly based on base fertilizer, combined with soil preparation in spring. Generally, 500 kg of organic fertilizer, 10 kg of pure nitrogen, 4 kg of pure phosphorus and 4 kg of pure potassium are applied per mu. During the period from 9 leaves of 8 Mel to heading stage, you can take advantage of the rain to apply 6 kg urea per mu.

(4) sowing seeds at an appropriate time. Do a good job in seed treatment, remove blighted grains and impurities, and dry the seeds for 3 days. Seed dressing with suitable chemicals was selected before sowing to control smut of millet. Generally suitable sowing time is from late May to early June. According to the requirements of density in different areas, the sowing rate per mu is 0.6ml / mu, the precision machine is 0.25mu / mu, and the sowing depth is 3m / mu, 5cm. According to soil moisture, sowing can be properly advanced or postponed, shallow sowing is appropriate when soil moisture is good, and appropriate deep sowing is appropriate when soil moisture is poor, and moderate suppression, pay attention to sowing while rain.

(5) Field management. When the seedling height is 3 cm, carry on the inter-seedling, fix the seedling, leave the seedling to be even and strong. Generally, the intertillage was carried out twice, the first time was carried out at 5 Mel 6 leaves in the seedling stage, and the second time was carried out at the jointing stage, the depth of intertillage was 2 Mel 3 cm.

(6) timely harvest. The grain at the base of the ear of millet entered the wax ripening stage, and the best harvest time was 70% mi 80% dehydration and hardening. Artificial harvesting should be in the morning, which can reduce grain shedding. After mechanical harvest, it was dried in the field for 7 days, and then threshing was carried out to prevent a large number of grains.

III. Xiamizi area of the Loess Plateau

The area mainly includes central and southern Shanxi, southern Yan'an, Weibei, Pingliang City, Gansu Province, Qingyang City, Ningxia Yellow River Irrigation area and so on. Generally sowing after wheat harvest, there are also some spring sowing millet.

(1) to select the best varieties. According to the ecological conditions and production level of various places, high-quality varieties should be selected scientifically to avoid cross-regional introduction without experimental demonstration.

(2) apply sufficient base fertilizer. Millet is a dry land crop, which is fully fertilized at one time before sowing. Generally combined with land preparation, about 500 kg of farm manure or 15 kg of diammonium phosphate and 6 kg of potassium sulfate are applied per mu. Where there are conditions, combined with rainfall, 6 kg of urea can be applied at the jointing stage.

(3) drought-resistant sowing. The suitable sowing time for summer sowing millet is from late June to early and mid-July, and it is suitable for early sowing. When soil moisture is insufficient, we should pay attention to sowing seeds while suppressing and increasing soil moisture. When the dry soil layer on the surface is too thick and the seeds are not easy to germinate after sowing, the methods of sowing seeds with sowing seeds after waiting for rain to snatch moisture are adopted.

(4) reasonable close planting. There are 60, 000-80, 000 basic seedlings per mu in a plot that depends on the main stem to form a spike.

(5) timely harvest. The grain at the base of the ear of millet entered the wax ripening stage, and the best harvest time was 70% mi 80% dehydration and hardening. Artificial harvesting should be in the morning, which can reduce grain shedding. After mechanical harvesting, the seeds were dried in the field for 7 days, then threshing was carried out to prevent a large number of grains from falling.