When will the seedlings of precocious melons and black melons be transplanted? How to transplant? How to prevent dead seedlings? How to manage after transplanting?

Black beauty melon is one of the sweeter melons, which is cultivated in most parts of our country, but if we want to produce high yield, we need to cultivate seedlings and basic management work. When will the seedlings of black beauty melon be transplanted? How to transplant? How to prevent dead seedlings? How to manage after transplanting?

Transplanting time:

The suitable age for normal transplanting is four-leaf stage. The seedling is slow because of its small growth, poor adaptability and resistance to the outside world. On the other hand, the age of seedlings with more than five leaves will cause adverse results, such as root injury, cork on the surface of stems and hollow pith. Seedling refining can begin 5-7 days before planting, prolong the ventilation time during the day, gradually reduce the seedling bed temperature, promote rooting, enhance the freeze resistance and disease resistance of melon seedlings, and improve the survival rate of melon seedlings after transplanting. 800 times of micro-supplement fruit power can be sprayed 1-2 days before transplanting, combined with fungicides, prevent rotten leaves, promote strong seedlings, and improve frost resistance.

Transplanting method:

The main results are as follows: 1. in order to make the seedlings cultivated under protective facilities adapt to the field environment before transplanting, about a week before planting, melon seedlings need to be treated with cooling and water control, that is, refining seedlings to promote the tissue aging of watermelon seedlings. improve adaptability and stress resistance.

2. Transplanting watermelon seedlings should choose continuous sunny weather in the morning to raise the ground temperature as much as possible to promote the rapid growth of new roots and slow survival of watermelon seedlings. If you plant seedlings in low temperature weather or encounter continuous low temperature weather after planting seedlings, it is easy to cause black beauty watermelons to retting roots or stiff seedlings. Generally, it can be planted at a ground temperature of 10 cm and above 15 ℃.

3. The planting depth of melon seedlings should be about 1 cm on the surface of nutritious soil, too deep soil temperature and poor air permeability, too shallow and not easy to moisturize, which will affect the root development of Hei Mei watermelon and lead to the slow growth of watermelon. When the grafted seedlings are planted, the grafting interface should be at least 1cm or 2cm above the ground. The Hypocotyl of Hei Mei watermelon (scion) was planted too deeply so that the Hypocotyl of Hei Mei watermelon (scion) came into contact with the soil, which made the grafting meaningless.

4. the watermelon can be watered once one day before planting to prevent the hash of nutrient soil from causing the death of black beauty watermelon seedlings. At the same time, 79% methyl topiramate wettable powder 800 times and 40% dimethoate EC were sprayed on the seedling bed once to prevent diseases and insect pests and avoid the trouble of spraying again after transplanting in the field.

Ways to avoid dying seedlings:

1. Low temperature is not suitable for transplanting. After transplanting, the underground temperature of black beauty watermelon should be about 15 degrees Celsius. If the underground temperature of 10 centimeters of melon seedlings transplanted in early spring is less than 15 degrees Celsius, it cannot take root. Therefore, the survival rate will be greatly improved by using the method of laying film in advance to improve the ground temperature and then transplant.

2. The soil dung used in the base fertilizer should be mixed evenly. After transplanting, the roots of black beauty watermelon will be exposed to organic fertilizer and excessive concentration of chemical fertilizer, which will cause the death of seedlings. Therefore, the base fertilizer must be fully mixed with the soil.

3. Seedlings are not suitable for transplanting. The suitable period for transplanting watermelon is the four-leaf stage, and the general Miaoling is about 28 days. If the seedling is too small, the adaptability and resistance to the outside world will be poor, and the growth ability will be insufficient, which will lead to the slow seedling.

4. Proper seedling refinement. Before transplanting, one week before planting, the melon seedlings were treated with cooling and water control, that is, refining seedlings to promote the tissue aging of watermelon seedlings to improve the adaptability and stress resistance of watermelon seedlings.

5. Eliminate inferior seedlings, choose well-developed seedlings, and eliminate diseased seedlings, weak seedlings, young seedlings and other bad seedlings.

6. There is no shortage of water in the seedbed, and the right amount of water should be watered. The nursery bed controls the temperature but not the water before transplanting to maintain the health and integrity of the root system. After transplanting, the bed soil should be watered strictly under the condition of maintaining the ground temperature.

7. Pay attention to soil treatment. Because there are a large number of pests and germs in the soil, with the gradual increase of the surface temperature, the occurrence period of diseases and insect pests will be advanced. If we ignore the prevention and control of soil diseases and insect pests, it will cause serious consequences. Therefore, it is necessary to use a certain amount of germicides to sterilize the soil, so as to ensure the normal and healthy growth of watermelon after transplanting.

8. Don't fertilize and water too early. According to the growth of watermelon seedlings and the fertility of soil, the amount of fertilizer application should be determined according to the amount of topdressing and watering water when raising seedlings. Providing water and fertilizer prematurely is harmful and can be applied more after watermelon transplanting.

Post-transplanting management techniques:

1. Water and fertilizer work

In the early stage of the growth of black beauty watermelon, we should mainly pay attention to the application of nitrogen fertilizer, and there should be a small amount of potassium and phosphate fertilizer, in order to promote the rapid growth of melon vines. In the flowering stage, it is necessary to properly control the reduction of the application of nitrogen fertilizer and increase the application amount of phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer in order to improve the melon setting rate of the plant. After growing watermelon on the plant, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer should be increased again in order to promote the growth of watermelon quickly. Finally, in the early stage of melon ripening, attention should be paid to increasing the amount of potash fertilizer in order to improve the quality of melons and fruits. In the whole growth cycle of Heimei watermelon, the most suitable compound fertilizer per mu is about 20kg, urea 15kg and calcium phosphate 40kg.

In the whole growth cycle of the black beauty watermelon, we should pay attention to keep the soil moisture sufficient, keep the soil moist when the vine extends, and ensure that the plant growth environment has enough water to absorb after sitting on the melon. However, attention should be paid to Rain Water's discharge work, especially the heavy rainfall caused by typhoons, and watermelons are prohibited from soaking in water during the growth cycle.

2. Branch arrangement work

When the black beauty watermelon begins to walk the vine, it is necessary to carry out heart-picking work, leaving three or four side vines on each main vine, and the retention principle is that the side vines grow healthily. After sitting on the melon, it is necessary to remove some of the fruitless side vines and retain some appropriately, mainly because of ensuring the supply of nutrients needed for the growth of watermelons.

3. Pollination and melon retention

Artificial pollination is generally used in the pollination of black beauty watermelon. in artificial pollination, varieties with similar flowering period should be used as pollination plants. The specific method is that pollination is carried out around 10: 00 noon, and there should be no watering and fertilization in pollination, so as not to affect the setting rate of watermelon. When the female flowers are in full bloom and the stigma mucus is the most, the open male flowers are collected for comprehensive pollination. It is necessary to ensure that the whole stigma is covered with pollen in order to improve the melon setting rate of the plant.

For the problem of retaining the black beauty watermelon, we should first know that the quality of the watermelon formed by the first female flower of the main vine is not very good, the melon is flat, the peel is thick, and it is easy to be hollow, so it should not be retained. In the second and third female flowers of the main vine and the melons with good growth and development of lateral vines, the principle is to observe the development of branches and vines, and watermelons with good development of branches and vines should be retained.