How to grow Chinese cabbage in the south? Summary of planting techniques

In southern Chinese cabbage, early-maturing varieties are used for the supply of fresh vegetables, which are harvested in time when the balls are tight, while for mid-and late-maturing varieties, they are harvested before severe frost when the leaf bulbs are fully mature. So specifically, how do you grow Chinese cabbage in the south? What are the planting techniques?

1 selection of land, land preparation and application of basic fertilizer

1.1 site selection

A light sandy loam or loam rich in organic matter

It is not suitable for continuous cropping and cannot be planted with cruciferous vegetables such as cabbage, radish, etc.

Promote rotation of grain and vegetables, rotation of flood and drought.

1.2 soil preparation

About a week before sowing, the land should be ploughed, leveled and bedded.

The specific operation is as follows: the plot is ploughed deeply for 20-27cm, the Kang land is laid for 10-15 days, and then the land is leveled into a bed with a width of 1.3-1.7 m, or a narrow and high border with a width of 0.8 m.

When making a border, we must deeply open the border ditch and waist ditch, and surround the ditch above 27cm, so that the ditch is connected with each other, which is conducive to drainage.

1.3 Application of base fertilizer

5000-7000kg of high quality farm manure and 50-70kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer were applied per mu.

After fertilization, combined with ploughing and harrowing, the base fertilizer was evenly mixed with the soil, which was beneficial to the root system and nutrient absorption.

2 seed selection and sowing

Seedling setting: usually selected at the seedling stage with 5-6 leaves

Early maturing varieties: seedling spacing 45-50cm, seedling protection per mu 2400-2600 plants / mu, mid-late maturity varieties 50-55cm, seedling protection 2200-2400 plants per mu.

Weeding, ploughing, soil cultivation and other work are coordinated between interseedling and fixed seedling.

The principles of shallow first hoe, deep second hoe and third hoe will not hurt the root should be followed when weeding.

2.1 selection of species

The suitable varieties are selected according to different planting time, planting purpose and different environment.

2.2 sowing

Sowing methods: direct seeding in the open field is often used, and seedling raising measures can also be adopted.

Live broadcast of Chinese cabbage: strip sowing, hole sowing and machine sowing.

Manage timely watering after sowing.

3Fertilizer and water management

Germination period: watering is based on the principle of "uniform seedlings in three waters".

At the seedling stage, the root system is underdeveloped, the water absorption capacity is poor, and appropriate watering is needed, and human urea is applied at the same time to provide nutrition for the growth of seedlings.

Rosette stage: it is necessary to control soil water content, and topdressing is suitable for one time.

Heading period: stop squatting seedlings, water once every other week, combined with watering to apply appropriate amount of organic fertilizer.

4 field management

The content of seedling management: seedling between seedlings, seedling supplement, seedling fixing and soil cultivation.

(5) Disease and pest control

5.1 Disease control

Main diseases: downy mildew, virus, soft rot, white spot, black spot, etc.

Prevention and control measures of downy mildew: spray metalaxyl or chlorothalonil wettable powder diluent at the initial stage of the disease.

Prevention and control measures of virus diseases: 0.3% Sophora flavescens plant insecticides are sprayed every 5-7 days for control.

Control measures of soft rot: streptomycin sulfate or agricultural streptomycin were sprayed every 7 days in the initial stage of the disease (150mg streptomycin was added to every 1kg water).

5.2 Pest control

Main insect pests: aphids, cabbage insects, etc.

Pest control: selection of insect-resistant varieties, weeding, deep ploughing and drying soil, introduction of natural enemies, spraying some chemical reagents for control

Aphid control measures: control with germicidal diluent or parasite

Control measures of Pieris rapae: use bacterial insecticide Bt EC or cyanobacteria liquid or phoxim EC to control.