When should deciduous trees and apple trees be fertilized in autumn? How much fertilizer is applied to one mu of land? How do you do that?

Apple, also known as safe fruit, wisdom fruit, etc., is a common deciduous tree fruit in China, which is widely planted because of its high nutritional value and high planting prospects, but if you want to have a high yield of apple, you need to master water and fertilizer. When will the apple tree be fertilized in autumn? How much fertilizer is applied to one mu of land? How do you do that?

Fertilization time

The application of base fertilizer in autumn is generally suitable from mid-September to late October, and the earlier the better.

How much fertilizer is applied to one mu of land?

The base fertilizer is mainly organic fertilizer, which is reasonably matched with chemical fertilizer. The amount of fertilizer application should be determined by soil conditions, tree species and tree age, accounting for 60% of the whole year. In general, the soil in mountain and sloping orchards is barren and the amount of fertilizer application should be large, while the fertile soil in flat orchards can be applied less. For mature trees, for orchards with a yield of more than 2000 kg per mu, organic fertilizer is required to apply kg fruit kg fertilizer; for orchards with a yield of 2 500 to 3 500 kg per mu, 1.5 kg organic fertilizer is required, and an appropriate amount of quick-acting fertilizer of nitrogen and phosphorus is applied. The amount of mature organic fertilizer applied to young trees was 1 000 to 1 500 kg per mu and urea was 15 to 50 kg per mu, and the amount of fertilizer applied to mature orchards was calculated as 100 kg of pure nitrogen 1.0 kg, phosphorus 0.6 kg and potassium 0.8 kg.

Principles of fertilization:

The principle of ripening, early, full, complete and even should be adhered to when applying base fertilizer in autumn. First, the organic fertilizer was compost and ripened, and then applied as soon as possible. The amount of fertilization should be sufficient, accounting for 60% of the amount of fertilizer applied throughout the year; the composition of fertilizer should be complete, with a combination of organic, inorganic, large amounts and trace elements; the position of fertilization should be moderate, and it should be in the middle and lower parts of the root system; it should be evenly stirred; fertilizer and fertilizer, fertilizer and soil should be fully stirred; base fertilizer should be mainly mature organic fertilizer, and some nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium quick-acting fertilizers, trace element fertilizers and biological bacterial fertilizers should be properly applied.

The effect of applying organic fertilizer in autumn

Organic fertilizer refers to ring manure, green manure, cow manure, sheep manure, chicken manure, cake fertilizer, biogas manure and so on. The application of organic fertilizer in autumn can improve the soil structure, meet the needs of a variety of mineral nutrient elements of fruit trees, be conducive to the formation of soil aggregate structure, and improve the ability of soil fertilizer and water conservation.

The main results are as follows: 1. in autumn, the soil temperature is suitable, the soil moisture is good, it is beneficial to the ripening of fertilizer, it is easy to be absorbed by roots, and the fertilizer efficiency is improved significantly.

2. It can provide a variety of nutrients for a long time, which is beneficial to coordinate vegetative growth and reproductive growth, enhance leaf function, increase nutrient accumulation, make branches and buds full, improve tree resistance, sprout early in the next spring, bloom well, set many fruits, and have large fruits. Spring shoots grow rapidly, and can stop growing in time, which is easy to form flowers.

3. The fertilizer effect is steady and slow, which can effectively adjust the results of "big and small years".

4. Fertilization in autumn is in the third peak period of root growth, the injured roots are easy to heal, and can promote a large number of new roots and enhance the function of absorption.

Fertilization method

Due to the poor mobility of organic fertilizer, it should be applied to the centralized distribution layer of absorbing roots, that is, to the place where the branch extension is 30cm to 40cm.

1. Young trees. Hole expansion, ditch expansion, ring ditch application or strip ditch application. The groove is 50 cm wide and 25 cm deep.

2. Result tree. Radial ditch, strip ditch application, 30 ~ 40 cm deep and wide or spread throughout the garden. Rotate the above methods alternately every other year.

3. In the method of combining base fertilizer with "gully grass" (storing fertilizer and water in holes), in areas with poor irrigation conditions, dig a 100cm square hole between tree rows or plants, fill the pit with weeds or straw and organic fertilizer, and apply an appropriate amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer or special fertilizer for fruit trees, put a grass handle in the middle of the pit, cover with a plastic film and leave a hole in the middle to make the grass handle pass out, irrigation appropriate amount of water, Rain Water or irrigation can infiltrate through the hole.

Irrigation after fertilization

The absorption of nutrient elements by fruit trees can only be absorbed in a water-soluble state. In other words, there is no separation of water and fertilizer, fertilization must be irrigated.