Can apple mildew heart disease eat? How can you tell? What are the prevention and control measures?

The mildew heart disease of apple is mainly harmful to the fruit, causing heart rot and early shedding of the fruit. The core of the diseased fruit turns brown, full of grayish green or pink mildew, mildew gradually outward from the ventricle, and the flesh tastes extremely bitter. Can the moldy heart of the apple be eaten? How can you tell? What are the prevention and control measures?

Can apple mildew heart disease eat?

The moldy heart of apples is inedible.

How to distinguish apple mildew heart disease?

The main results are as follows: 1. The mildew heart disease of apple is mainly harmful to the fruit, especially the Marshal variety and Fujin and Luxiang, which are bred by Marshal varieties as parents. There are 2 kinds of symptoms.

(1) mildew heart type: mildew of gray-green, gray-white, gray-black and other colors are produced in the ventricle, which is limited to the ventricle.

(2) Heart rot type: the pulp in the core area rotts from the ventricle to the outer layer, and in severe cases, it can rot through to the surface of the fruit. The young fruit with bitter rotten pulp and serious disease will fall off in the early stage; the lightly diseased fruit can mature normally, but the ventricle can still occur from the mature period to the harvest.

2. Pathogens: the mixed infection of many kinds of fungi is mainly caused by Alternaria Alternariaalternata (Fr.) Keissl, which produces black mold layer, Trichotheciumroseum (Bull.) Link, which produces pink or pink mold layer, and Cephalosporium Cephalosporiumsp., (Fusarium oxysporum FusariummonliformeSheld). Penicillium Penicilliumsp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa Penicilliumsp., all belong to semi-knowns subphylum fungi. The dominant species are slightly different in different places, some Alternaria fungi are dominant, but Fusarium oxysporum is very few. In the later stage of storage, Monosporium roseum is the main fungus in the fruit of Golden Crown.

3. The route of transmission: the pathogen overwintered by mycelium in the diseased fruit or necrotic tissue and by spores hidden in the scales of the bud. Various types of spores were produced in the following year, which were transmitted by wind and rain, the spores entered the ventricle from the calyx tube, the pathogen mainly invaded at the flowering stage, and the posterior spores lurked in the core of the fruit. With the development of the fruit, the mold began to proliferate, and the diseased fruit could be seen to fall off in June. But it was mostly in the later stage of fruit growth. Some diseased fruits can not show symptoms until the storage period, causing mildew.

4. The condition of onset: the occurrence of the disease is closely related to climate and variety. Early rainfall, heavy rainfall, humid climate, low-lying orchards, closed canopy, poor ventilation are conducive to the disease. Among all apple varieties, the fruit with a large calyx mouth and a long tube connected to the core of the fruit is susceptible to the disease, while those with a small mouth and a short calyx tube are more resistant to the disease. Marshal varieties Hongxing, Huanong No.1, Marshal, Fujin, Luxiang, Hongguan and other calyx tubes are long, wide and serious; semi-open calyx such as Golden Guan is lighter; Zhuguang closed calyx and short calyx tube show disease resistance. 、

What are the prevention and control measures of apple mildew heart disease?

Prevention and control methods:

1. Disease-resistant varieties were selected in orchards with serious disease. Such as China Fengxian Red Fuji Apple.

2. Strengthen cultivation management, reasonable pruning, keep the crown ventilated and transparent, pay attention to drainage, and reasonably increase the application of organic fertilizer.

3. Clear the primary infection source. At the end of autumn and the beginning of winter, diseased fruits, stiff fruits and diseased branches were removed and burned.

4. Strengthen the management of storage period. To develop simple controlled atmosphere storage or cold storage, the temperature of the fruit storage should be kept at 0.5 ℃ and the relative humidity should be about 90%.

5. Chemical control. Spray once every half a month before flowering, after flowering and young fruit period. Spray with 1Ru 2v 200 fold Bordeaux solution, or 10% polyoxymycin wettable powder 1200 Mel 1500 times, or 50% isobarbamide wettable powder 1500 times.