What are the typical symptoms of zinc deficiency in crops such as rice, corn and wheat? What are the prevention and control methods?

Zinc supplement to crops can increase the yield of crops and is an essential element for the growth of crops. Zinc is a growth element and participates in the metabolism of auxin. What are the typical symptoms of zinc deficiency in crops such as rice, corn and wheat? What are the prevention and control methods?

What are the typical symptoms of zinc deficiency in crops such as rice, corn and wheat?

1. Rice: the leaves are green and white, brown spots appear, and the plant shrinks, which is often referred to as "stiff seedling", "sitting seedling", "white seedling disease" and "shrinking seedling disease".

2. Corn: the leaves lose green and have brown spots, forming "white seedlings" and lacking grains and bald tips in the ear.

3. Wheat: White and green stripes or bands appear on both sides of leaf veins, short internodes, late heading and flowering, irregular. When there is serious zinc deficiency, it can not heading, and the spike is light.

4. Cotton: at seedling stage, the leaves lost green, the edge curled upward, the stem elongation was inhibited, the internodes were shortened, the plants were clustered, the growth period was delayed, and the yield was low.

5. Fruit trees: zinc deficiency can cause a variety of symptoms. "leaflet disease", newborn leaves become smaller, rosette clusters appear at the top; "small fruit disease", fruit small skin thick, pulp Lignification, residue rich and less juicy.

6. Vegetables: the upper and middle leaves turn green and yellow, and the tender leaves are small, often called "lobular disease". The plant is short, the Internode is shortened, the fruit is fascicled, the fruit is small and the skin is thick, the yield is low and the quality is poor.

What are the prevention and control methods of zinc deficiency in crops such as rice, corn and wheat?

1. Rice: in zinc-deficient fields per mu, farmers' ash manure was applied at a rate of 10ml / mu plus 1500 grams of zinc sulfate heptahydrate or 2000 grams of boron-zinc-iron-magnesium fertilizer, and foliar fertilizer containing zinc was sprayed, such as 150g boron-zinc-iron-magnesium fertilizer, 60kg flushing water, the whole field was sprayed; or rice beans were green 200g at a time; or 3 elixir. Through plant fertilization and foliar spraying, the growth of rice plants will resume after about 4 days, the leaves turn green, the heart leaves grow and the white roots increase.

2. Corn:

(1) spraying zinc fertilizer. Generally, fruit trees are sprayed with 0.5% UV 1.0% zinc sulfate solution, while vegetables can be sprayed with a lower concentration of 0.1% UV 0.2% zinc sulfate solution, or liquid micro-fertilizer can be sprayed.

(2) eliminate stagnant water.

3. Wheat:

(1) actively use formula fertilizer. To make Wali brand wheat formula fertilizer containing trace element "zinc" and other nutrient elements necessary for wheat growth, wheat will not have physiological diseases, and it will not only save labor, effort, time, price and economy.

(2) promote balanced fertilization. Is to apply fertilizer evenly according to the soil fertility. The first is not to apply a certain chemical fertilizer for a long time; the second is to apply fertilizer reasonably according to the soil fertility and target yield; the third is to determine a reasonable proportion and method of fertilization according to the characteristics of wheat growth period to put an end to the bad habit of fertilization.

(3) apply base fertilizer. Zinc sulfate heptahydrate is 1 kg per mu, and mixed chemical fertilizer or sandy soil is applied to the soil during soil preparation, usually once every 3-5 years.

(4) soaking seeds. Put the selected wheat seeds in 0.05% zinc sulfate heptahydrate solution, soak for 12 hours for 24 hours, fish out and dry and sow.

(5) spraying foliar fertilizer. The foliar surface can be sprayed with 0.30%-0.40% zinc sulfate heptahydrate solution for 2 times continuously, with an interval of 5-7 days, preferably mixed with amino acid and humic acid foliar fertilizer.

4. Cotton:

It is best to apply 0.8-1.6 kg of "six-high bottom fertilizer king cotton high-yield long-acting element" in front of the cultivated land or topdressing at the seedling stage (be careful not to mix with urea, and pay attention to avoid using zinc fertilizer impersonated by magnesium sulfate); foliar spraying can use 500 times of liquid, or "Blue Jingdian six-in-one yield-increasing factor" half a package of 25 grams, sprayed once in the seedling stage and budding stage.

5. Fruit trees:

The main results are as follows: (1) increase the application of organic fertilizer, improve the overall nutrition level of trees, high-quality crude fertilizer and many kinds of nutrients, and humic acid in the process of organic matter decomposition can improve the availability of soil zinc and reduce the adverse effects of harmful elements on the disease at the same time. In northern orchards, 50,000 kg of organic fertilizer should be applied per hectare every year, and orchards with few sources of organic fertilizer should adopt the method of rotational application every other year, not to reduce the amount of application per unit area.

(2) according to the soil conditions of tree species, the proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium should be allocated reasonably, and the application amount of phosphate fertilizer should be controlled in orchards with heavy zinc deficiency.

(3) rely on scientific research institutions and technical extension departments, adopt advanced technology, carry out plant leaf analysis, and soil nutrition diagnosis, formulate a reasonable fertilization scheme, reduce blind fertilization, and improve the production efficiency of orchards.

(4) the orchards with zinc deficiency should be remedied by the following methods:

a. Spray fertilizer. Generally, after spraying zinc sulfate, the symptoms can be improved quickly, and 50-100 times zinc sulfate can be sprayed before germination. In order to reduce the harm of zinc sulfate to the orchard in the growing season, the concentration is reduced to less than 0.2%.

b. The soil is fattened. The methods of bottom application and topdressing can be used, in which zinc sulfate and mature organic fertilizer are mixed and applied on the way, and zinc sulfate and nitrogen fertilizer are mixed and applied to the soil at the rate of 25-40 kg per hectare (or 30-50 g per plant).

c. Tree transfusion. For infusion on the root or trunk, the concentration of zinc sulfate should be less than 0.1%.

d. Bordeaux Bordeaux solution was sprayed. The specific method is to reduce the amount of copper sulfate by 30%, 50%, with the same amount of zinc sulfate, which can not only prevent zinc deficiency but also protect the tree.

6. Vegetables:

The amount of phosphate fertilizer should be strictly controlled in low zinc soil, and phosphate fertilizer and zinc fertilizer should be applied at the same time in low zinc soil. Zinc fertilizer is sprayed on the leaves, usually with 0.1%-0.5% zinc sulfate solution. When applying zinc sulfate to the soil, use 15-30 kg per hectare.