How to make the soil loose and unconsolidated? What are its harm and prevention measures?

Soil consolidation means that due to the lack of organic matter and poor structure of the soil tillage layer, the structure is destroyed under the action of some external forces (such as irrigation, rainfall, suppression, etc.), and the soil surface is hardened by cohesion after drying. So how to make the soil loose and unconsolidated? What are its harm and prevention measures?

How to make the soil loose and unconsolidated?

1. Soil consolidation means that the soil surface is hardened by cohesion after drying due to the lack of organic matter, poor structure, structural destruction and dispersion of soil materials under the action of watering, rainfall and other external factors. We can increase the specific gravity of particles or organic fertilizer when mixing soil, and the common cinders, river sand, vermiculite, ceramsite, bark, sawdust, rice bran and sawdust can be added as plant materials. The proportion of soil and plant materials for different plants is also different, such as rainbow jade, peach eggs, small red clothes, jade dew and other drought-tolerant succulent plants such as cinder, ceramsite and other particles. Jasmine and gardenia require sawdust, rice chaff and other plants with better water retention.

2. For the consolidated soil, the soil can be loosened first, covered with a layer of unspoiled cake fertilizer, poultry manure and other powder, and then poured with water to promote its fermentation, which can make the soil loose. The fermented nutrients infiltrate with watering, and can also provide nutrients for plants. It should be noted that unripe raw fertilizer should not be used too much, which can easily lead to root burning.

3. Tap water should not be directly used for watering. Chlorine in the water will cause soil consolidation and should be placed for a day or two before use. If possible, it is best to use Rain Water or river water.

4. Excessive application of ammonium nitrogen and potassium fertilizer will cause the destruction of soil aggregate structure and cause soil consolidation. So you'd better use less chemical fertilizer.

What is the harm of soil consolidation and its prevention and control measures?

With the extensive use of chemical fertilizer, the residual chemical fertilizer destroys the soil aggregate structure, causes poor soil air permeability, affects microbial activity and leads to soil hardening, which is easy to cause crop root hypoxia, resulting in root activity decline and abnormal development, resulting in weakening of plant cell respiration, affecting crop root absorption of nutrients, not conducive to crop growth and development, resulting in a double decline in crop yield and quality. Affect the increase of farmers' production and income. Therefore, the prevention and control of soil consolidation is of great significance in agricultural production.

The specific measures are as follows:

1. Soil testing, formula fertilization and increasing application of organic fertilizer. According to the results of soil test formula fertilization, through the combination of organic and inorganic, lack of elements, so that the application of chemical fertilizer into the soil will not only not harden the soil, but also increase the content of organic matter. The application of organic fertilizer can improve soil structure, enhance soil fertilizer conservation and air permeability, so as to prevent soil consolidation.

2. Moderate deep ploughing, scientific moderate ploughing is about 35 cm. The use of large tractors for deep loosening and soil preparation can improve the deep structure and promote the growth of crop roots when the depth is more than 30 cm. So as to prevent soil from hardening.

3. Effectively promote straw returning to the field. Straw returning can improve soil physical properties, straw crushing and returning can increase soil organic matter content, increase soil porosity, coordinate soil water, fertilizer, gas and heat, and create a good environment for soil microbial activities. it is beneficial to the decomposition and softening of organic matter and the improvement of soil physical and chemical properties.

4. Remove residual film and plastic products from farmland. If the plastic film can not be completely removed after the use of plastic film, a large number of plastic colloidal tape will not only form toxic substances in the soil, but also destroy the soil structure.