How much is the present formula for measuring soil? What is its concept and meaning? What is the fertilization procedure?

Generally speaking, soil testing formula fertilization is the scientific application of formula fertilizer under the guidance of agricultural scientists and technicians to adjust and solve the contradiction between crop fertilizer demand and soil fertilizer supply. How much is the current soil testing formula? What is its concept and meaning? What are the steps of fertilizing?

How much is the current soil testing formula?

Soil testing formula fertilizer is a kind of fertilizer which is generated according to the principle of what is missing and what is missing according to the soil test data. The test data are different, but of course the formula is different. At present, in the fertilizer raw material market, the price of unit nitrogen nutrient and phosphorus nutrient is little different, both are lower, while the price of unit potassium nutrient is higher. If the test data show a lack of potassium, you need to supplement potassium, which is more expensive, and vice versa. According to the data of one-to-one soil testing and fertilization in Nongzhijia, the price of soil testing formula fertilizer this year is about 2000-2500 yuan / ton without supplementary organic matter. If organic matter is included, the price of soil testing formula fertilizer is about 1000-1400 yuan / ton.

What is the concept and significance of soil testing formula?

According to the standard of soil testing formula fertilization formulated by the Ministry of Agriculture, soil testing formula fertilization is based on fertilizer field experiment and soil test, according to the law of crop fertilizer requirement, soil fertilizer supply performance and fertilizer effect, and on the basis of rational application of organic fertilizer, put forward the application variety, quantity, application period and application method of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, medium and trace elements and other fertilizers.

The significance of soil testing and formula fertilization:

1. To increase crop yield and ensure the safety of grain production through the determination of soil nutrients and the correct determination of the type and amount of fertilizer applied according to the needs of crops, the nutritional status of soil can be continuously improved and crops can be increased continuously and stably, so as to ensure the safety of food production.

2. Reduce the cost of agricultural production and increase farmers' income; fertilizers account for about 50% of the input of agricultural means of production, but most of the chemical fertilizers applied to the soil cannot be absorbed by crops, and the fertilizers that have not been absorbed and utilized by crops, volatilize and leach in the soil and are fixed by the soil. Therefore, it is very important to improve the efficiency of agricultural production to improve the utilization rate of fertilizer and reduce the waste of fertilizer.

3. Saving resources and ensuring the sustainable development of agriculture; adopting soil testing and formula fertilization technology to improve the utilization rate of fertilizer is the concrete embodiment of building a conservation-oriented society. In the era of extreme shortage of energy and resources, soil testing and formula fertilization has a very important practical significance.

What are the steps of soil testing and formula fertilization?

1. Soil testing

Soil testing is an important basis for formulating fertilizer formula. According to the requirements of "Technical Standard for soil testing and Formula fertilization (trial)", the project county collects one soil sample per 100,200 mu of cultivated land on average (each locality carries on the corresponding adjustment according to the actual situation. 30,80mu in hilly and mountainous areas and 100,000mu in plain area). At the same time, representative sampling sites were selected to track and investigate the effect of soil testing and formula fertilization. On the basis of soil testing, the analysis of plant and water samples was carried out according to the need to provide basic data for formulation.

2. Field experiment

According to the requirements of "Technical Standard for soil testing and Formula fertilization (trial)", the plot experiment of fertilizer effect in the field was arranged to find out the basic parameters such as soil nutrient correction coefficient, soil fertilizer supply, fertilizer requirement law of crops and fertilizer utilization efficiency. The fertilizer effect model of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of main crops in different fertilization zones was established, the rational fertilization variety and quantity of crops, the distribution ratio of base fertilizer and topdressing fertilizer, the best fertilization period and fertilization method were determined, and the fertilization index system was established. to provide a basis for formula design and fertilization guidance.

3. Formula design

Organize relevant experts to summarize and analyze the results of soil tests and field experiments, and reasonably divide fertilization areas according to differences in climate, geomorphology, soil types, crop varieties, tillage systems and so on. The fertilization parameters of soil testing formula were reviewed, the fertilization model was established, and the fertilizer formula was made by region and crop.

4. Correction test

In order to ensure the accuracy of fertilizer formula and reduce the risk of large-scale application of formula fertilizer, the main local crops and their main varieties were selected in each fertilization zoning unit. the correction experiments of soil testing formula fertilization, farmers' habitual fertilization and blank control were set up to compare the yield-increasing effect of soil test formula fertilization, verify and improve the fertilizer formula, and optimize the technical parameters of soil test formula fertilization.

5. Fertilizer blending and processing

According to the formula, all kinds of simple or compound fertilizers were used as raw materials to prepare formula fertilizers. At present, there are two ways: one is for farmers to buy all kinds of fertilizers according to the formula suggestion card, and the other is for fertilizer distribution enterprises to process formula fertilizers according to the formula, and farmers buy and apply them.