When is the better time to fertilize wheat? What are the key points of fertilization techniques?

Wheat is the general name of wheat plants, which is a kind of Gramineae plant widely planted all over the world. The caryopsis of wheat is one of the staple foods of human beings. When is the better time to fertilize the wheat? What are the key points of fertilization techniques?

When is the better time to fertilize wheat?

The main results are as follows: 1. the topdressing of winter wheat is mainly nitrogen fertilizer, and the time of topdressing is from turning green to jointing stage in the next spring. After wheat turns green, it enters a period with roots, leaves and tillers as the growth center. The yield level of winter wheat in that year is very sensitive to the supply of nitrogen nutrition, which is also called the critical period of nitrogen nutrition.

2. Spring wheat: (1) Fertilizer: because the fertilizer is concentrated near the seeds, the wheat can be used after germinating and growing roots. the specific method is to level the land and make a bed before sowing, and then open the ditch according to the predetermined row space. then spread fertilizer, sow, cover soil and suppress in the ditch. If the ground is dry, you can first sow, steady, and then sow, cover the soil, and suppress. Generally, ammonium bicarbonate 150kg, calcium superphosphate 225,375kg per hectare, mixed with high quality farm fertilizer 1500 kg, or binary nitrogen and phosphorus compound fertilizer 150,300kg. In recent years, one-time fertilizer application has been used in spring wheat producing areas, and all fertilizers are used as base fertilizer and seed fertilizer. Generally, on the basis of sufficient farm fertilizer, about 600-750 kg of ammonia or ammonium bicarbonate and 750 kg of calcium superphosphate are applied per hectare. When sowing, apply a small amount of seed fertilizer, 75-120 kg of diammonium phosphate per hectare, and no topdressing later. This method is suitable for dry land.

(2) topdressing: spring wheat belongs to "fetus rich" crop, which develops earlier, and most varieties begin to grow cone elongation and spike axis differentiation at 3-leaf stage. (4) Young panicle differentiation begins at leaf stage, which requires more nutrients. Therefore, the first topdressing should be carried out at 3-leaf stage or 3-leaf and 1-heart stage. This fertilizer is called tillering fertilizer, which should be re-applied, accounting for about 2% of the topdressing amount. The application of 225-300 kg urea per hectare is mainly to increase the panicle rate of tillers, promote the early development of strong seedlings, and lay the foundation for large panicles and more grains. The second topdressing at jointing stage, called jointing fertilizer, is generally applied lightly, accounting for about 3% of the topdressing amount, applying 105-150 kg of urea per hectare. In the land where excessive tillering fertilizer is not applied, early application and re-application of jointing fertilizer should be applied. Appropriate application of flower protection and grain increase fertilizer at booting stage. After applying jointing fertilizer, most of them no longer apply fertilizer, but mainly apply foliar fertilizer, which is the same as winter wheat.

What are the key points of wheat fertilization technology?

Normal growth and development of wheat requires many elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, iron, zinc, copper, manganese and so on. Among the three elements of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, relatively more nitrogen and potassium and less phosphorus are needed. According to the research data, every 100 kg grain of wheat needs to absorb 2.8 kg of pure nitrogen, 1 kg of phosphorus pentoxide and 2.4 kg of potassium oxide. the fertilizer requirement increases with the increase of yield level. In general, the whole growth period of wheat field needs to apply 12-15 kg of pure nitrogen, 6-8 kg of phosphorus pentoxide, 5-6 kg of potassium fertilizer (potassium oxide), zinc, boron, manganese and other elements according to the supply of soil nutrients. In the use by stages, we should follow the principle of "re-applying base fertilizer and skillfully applying topdressing" and adjust it reasonably.

1. Base fertilizer

"Mai Xi is rich in the womb, and the base fertilizer is the foundation." Before soil preparation, 1-1.5 tons of farm manure is applied per mu, while 30-50% of nitrogen fertilizer, all phosphate fertilizer and 20% potash fertilizer are applied on the basis. It is suggested to apply 3 kg zinc fertilizer and 2 kg boron fertilizer. It is suggested that it is best to spread it evenly on the surface in front of the cultivated land and turn it into the soil in time.

2. Topdressing

Topdressing is generally carried out at the jointing stage, mainly nitrogen fertilizer. The amount of nitrogen fertilizer topdressing accounts for 50-70% of the total amount. Wheat has many tillers, good seedling condition and exuberant growth, which can be applied late appropriately and reduce the amount of application. Topdressing twice at booting stage. If the basal application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is insufficient, it should also be supplemented by topdressing, but the topdressing of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be advanced to the tillering stage as far as possible, and it is best to choose compound fertilizer. After topdressing, it should be watered in time, the amount of water is about 40m3, and do not flood.

Foliar fertilizer spraying is also a form of topdressing. When the root absorption capacity is poor in the later stage, foliar topdressing is more direct and effective, and can effectively prevent the harm of dry and hot wind. Foliar fertilizer spraying varieties are mainly urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, micro-fertilizer, etc., the concentration is between 0.5-2%. Spraying is usually carried out before 10:00, after 5pm or on cloudy days, and should be re-sprayed after spraying rain.