When will the winter jujube saplings be planted? How many trees can be planted per mu? Which varieties are good?

Winter jujube generally matures naturally from October to November in the Gregorian calendar, and it is named "Dongzao" because of the early cold weather in the north. So when will the winter jujube saplings be planted? How many trees can be planted per mu? Which varieties are good?

When will the winter jujube seedlings be planted?

Winter jujube trees can be planted in autumn or spring. Autumn planting was carried out from defoliation to winter closure, and spring planting was carried out after soil thawing and before germination. When planting branches, draw a fixed point according to the planned plant row distance, press the planting branch hole of 1 meter square, separate the topsoil and heart soil, and apply 50 kg of high-quality ring fertilizer and 0.5 kg of diammonium phosphate to mix well with the topsoil. Seedlings selected 1-2 years after grafting of high-quality strong seedlings, no diseases and insect pests, well-developed root system, seedling height of more than 120 cm, ground diameter of more than 1 cm, grafting site healed well. After planting in autumn, water thoroughly, cultivate a 20-30 cm high mound before winter, dry the young trees, tie grass to the trunk, prevent the hare from gnawing on the bark, remove the mound in spring, and cover the tree disk with plastic film; after spring planting, water thoroughly and cover the tree plate with plastic film to dry the young trees.

What are the varieties of winter jujube?

1. Zhanhua winter jujube: the fruit is medium and large, the shape of the fruit is similar to that of apple, the average fruit weight is 14016g, the maximum fruit weight is 23.2g, the pericarp is thin and crisp, the flesh is ochre red after maturity, the flesh is tender and juicy, the fruit is slightly spicy, raw food has no residue, and the quality is excellent.

2. Chengwudong jujube: the fruit is large, the fruit shape is long and oval, the average fruit weight is 25.8 grams, the maximum fruit weight is 32 grams, the fruit surface is uneven, the pericarp is thick, the appearance is dark ochre red, the flesh is fine and crisp, hard, less juice, sweet taste, fresh food quality and so on.

3. Xuechengdong jujube: the fruit is large, the fruit shape is round and slightly flat, the average fruit weight is 22 grams, the large fruit can be more than 40 grams, the pulp is crisp, the taste is a little thick, the fruit juice content is medium and on the high side, but the fruit quality is poor, and some fruits have the appearance of "exocarp".

Planting method of winter jujube

1. Site selection for orchard: the winter jujube orchard should choose the land with fresh air, pure water quality, unpolluted soil, flat terrain, open topography, sufficient light, fertile soil, good drainage and irrigation conditions and soil minerals within the normal range.

2. Timely planting: winter jujube has strong adaptability, tolerance to drought and barren, and the requirement of fertilizer and water is not strict. The garden should adopt the method of close planting and dwarfing cultivation, generally planting 56 to 111 plants per mu, and the row design should be the best in the north-south direction.

3. Rational fertilization: when planting winter jujube, 0.5 kg of superphosphate and 25 kg of organic fertilizer can be applied, and chemical fertilizer can be applied once every year from late May, late June to early July and early August. 50 to 70 kilograms of farm manure and 0.5 to 1 kilogram of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer were applied to the plant in autumn.

4. Drainage and irrigation: winter jujube trees were irrigated once before sprouting, before flowering, during the expansion period of young fruits and before overwintering, other times according to drought, timely drainage in rainy season, ploughing and weeding in time after rain, ploughing and turning tree plates in autumn.

5. Flower and fruit management: winter jujube leaves 3 to 5 secondary branches according to its growth strength in the early flowering stage, and sprays gibberellin 10 to 15 mg / L once or twice at the early flowering stage. the big trees in the fruiting stage can be girdled on the trunk and the young trees in the first fruit can be girdled on the main branches.

6. shaping and pruning: the tree shape of winter jujube is determined according to the planting density. In winter and summer pruning, the long branches should be removed in time, and the dense branches and weak branches should be thinned in time, so as to maintain the balance of tree potential, keep the crown ventilated and transparent, and retract the long fruiting branches in time.

7. Harvest and storage: winter jujube is often picked by hand, and the mature period of the same plant is different. it can be harvested in 2 to 3 times according to the situation, which can not only improve the yield, but also improve the quality. after harvest, it is generally stored in cold storage and supplied to the market during New Year's Day and Spring Festival.