What are the differences between almonds and almonds? What is the efficacy and function? How to grow?

Chinese alpinia mandshurica is mostly planted in Xinjiang because it takes a long time to grow at high temperature. Many people do not know the difference between almond and almond. Almond is the core of almond, and almond and apricot are two different plants in botany. The national recommended standard is called "almond kernel". Do you know the efficacy and function of Badan wood? What are the cultivation models? Let me answer it for you.

I. the difference between almonds and almonds

Badan apricot, also known as thin-shell almond, is the most cherished dried fruit of the Uygur people in Xinjiang. according to plant taxonomy, Badan apricot is not apricot but a plant of the subgenus Peach. It is flat and round, and its flesh is dry and juicy. It mainly eats the kernels of Almond. Kernel flavor is more than walnut and almond, has a special sweet flavor.

For pregnant women, Badanmu can not only nourish the body but also strengthen the brain, which is very good for fetal development.

Almonds are different from almonds. Almonds are famous for their kernels, which are divided into sweet almonds and bitter almonds. The almonds produced in the south of China belong to sweet almonds (also known as southern almonds), which are slightly sweet and delicate in taste, and are often used in use. they can also be added to cakes, cookies and dishes as raw materials, while almonds produced in the north belong to bitter almonds (also known as northern almonds), which are bitter and used as medicine, with the effect of moistening the lungs and relieving asthma.

For pregnant women to avoid eating apricots and almonds, the line has the characteristics of heat and slippery tire, which is a big taboo for pregnant women.

II. The efficacy and function of Badan wood

1. Protect the skin

Scientific research shows that Padan is one of the total nutritious foods with the most vitamin E, and it is a healthy food rich in vitamin E and flavonoid antioxidants. A handful of almond (28 grams or 23 tablets) can provide half as much vitamin E as the body needs every day, and vitamin E can effectively combat free radicals, moisturize the skin and slow down aging.

2. Good for heart health

High levels of unsaturated fatty acids in Padan can help lower "bad" cholesterol levels. Eating Padan can effectively reduce cholesterol and triglyceride levels and reduce the potential threat of heart attack.

3. Help intestinal health

Related research results show that Padan has the characteristics of probiotics, which can improve intestinal health and promote defecation by increasing the beneficial bacteria in the intestinal tract.

4. Weight control

First of all, eating Padan makes people feel full, which helps to control the intake of other hot foods; second, the dietary fiber contained in Padan reduces the fat absorption rate, thus effectively controlling body weight.

5. Calming the mind and tonifying the kidney

Badan wood can calm the mind, enlighten the brain, clear the eye and benefit the kidney, moisten the lungs, moisten the intestines, produce essence, keep fit, strengthen the stomach and so on. Main treatment of palpitation, wheezing cough, deficiency of kidney qi, sore waist and knees, impotence, frequent urination and other diseases. In addition to the similarities with the medicine of the Han nationality, the Uygur medicine Sweet Badan has its unique effect.

Third, the cultivation model of Padan wood.

The cultivation of Badan wood mainly includes garden type and intercropping type, which is too dense, grows poorly, and produces few results. According to the local situation, you can choose 3 × 5 (m), 4 × 4 (m), 4 × 5 (m) or 4 × 6 (m) and other ways, that is, planting 274 plants / 667 square meters. It should be denser in arid areas and thinner in fertile irrigation areas. The general plant spacing of the intercropping type is 3 to 4 meters, and the row spacing is 12.5 to 50 meters.

1. Configure pollination

Badan wood is self-flowering and unfruitful, and it can be planted with 1-2 rows of pollinated varieties every 2 to 3 rows.

2. Shaping and pruning

Badan wood was planted in the same year and began to be shaped after the second year. It can be pruned with sparse layer shape or natural happy shape, and the trunk height is 50~70cm. There are 5-7 main branches on the sparse layer, which are divided into 2-3 layers. There are 3-4 main branches on the happy shape, which are staggered on the trunk every 10~20cm, and the azimuth between the main branches is 90-120 degrees. In addition to the main branch on the trunk, other branches can be retained as long as they are not too dense, so as to promote the thickening growth of the trunk. The amount of pruning of Badan wood is light, and the combination of winter pruning and summer pruning is the best. The pruning method is similar to that of apricot, the young trees are mainly cut gently and slowly, and the fruiting branches are properly cut and retracted. The extended branches of all levels of backbone branches were cut short according to the required length, and the overgrown branches, withered branches, disease and insect branches and over-dense branches were thinned. The pruning of the trees in the full fruiting period is mainly sparse pruning, properly truncated, pay attention to retain more medium and short fruit branches, and strengthen the cultivation and renewal of fruiting branches.

3. Fertilizer and water management

The genus Badan is a drought-resistant and barren-tolerant tree species with strong adaptability to soil. The Badan wooden Garden needs to be ploughed in autumn once a year. The growing season should be ploughed in time to loosen the soil and keep the soil loose, breathable and weed-free. Generally, there is no need for irrigation, but it should be irrigated at the right time in case of excessive drought. Attention should be paid to drainage in the rainy season to prevent root rot caused by stagnant soil water. The effect of anti-freezing water irrigation before overwintering is good. Badan tree is fertilized with base fertilizer once a year in autumn, and it is appropriate to harvest the fruit before the soil freezes. 2~4t/667 square meter farm manure or 40~100kg/667 square meter compound fertilizer should be applied to young trees, and basal fertilizer should be applied to fruit trees in autumn. Badan trees should be fertilized for 2 or 4 times in the growing season. Each adult tree needs nitrogen 1kg, phosphorus 0.4kg and potassium 0.4kg every year. In addition, attention should be paid to the supplement of compound fertilizers containing elements such as zinc, boron and calcium.

4. Fruit drop technology

The Badan wood cultivated in southern Xinjiang has a large annual flowering quantity, but less fruit setting and low yield, for the following reasons:

1. The cultivation methods are extensive, and most of them are planted with ridges and field ridges, resulting in a lack of nutrients in the tree, which directly affects the process of flower bud differentiation, thus forming a large number of incomplete flowers.

two。 The selection of pollination combination is improper and the field configuration is unreasonable. Most of the varieties of Badan do not bear fruit, so they must be equipped with pollination varieties, and the combining ability of different varieties is not consistent, so there is a great difference in pollination seed setting rate. Improper selection will lead to low seed setting rate.

3. Neglect of shaping and pruning results in upright tree shape, closed crown, poor ventilation and light transmission, and serious imbalance between tree growth and fruit.

4. The climatic conditions during the flowering period are bad, mainly late frost, strong wind and dust in spring. Badan blossoms early, and the flowering period is concentrated from late March to early April, when late frost, strong wind and sand dust weather occur frequently, low temperature is easy to cause flower bud and flowering frost injury, and the continuous dust weather greatly reduces the pollen dispersal rate and seriously affects pollination and fertilization.

5. Measures to increase production

1. Change the traditional ridge cultivation method, carry out garden cultivation in an all-round way, and improve the management level.

two。 Scientifically selected pollination combination, it is best to configure two groups in a Badan tree garden, planting alternately and pollinating each other in order to improve the seed setting rate of pollination.

3. Strengthen tree management, reasonable shaping and pruning, pay attention to drawing branches and opening corners, open tree crowns, and improve lighting conditions.

4. Auxiliary pollination at flowering stage should be carried out at full flowering stage. Artificial pollination is commonly used in production, such as manual pollination, shaking pollination, hanging flower branches and orchard bees, so as to improve the fruit setting rate.

5. Spraying plant growth regulators: plant growth regulators such as 0.1% boric acid, gibberellin of 50 mg to 100 mg / kg, gibberellin of 50 mg / kg to 100 mg / kg, 2.4-D of 50 mg / kg and so on are sprayed on the leaves at flowering stage, which can effectively increase the fruit setting rate.

6. Measures such as delayed irrigation of winter water, early spring irrigation, orchard smoking and trunk whitening are taken to prevent the harm of late frost. Spraying urea or amino acids before late frost can also play a protective role in improving the frost resistance of trees.