"slimming melon" what fertilizer should be applied to wax gourd? How to apply fertilizer in each growing period? How much fertilizer does one mu of land need?

Wax gourd, also known as white gourd, Ganoderma lucidum, white wax gourd, etc., is a common vegetable in southern China. It is widely planted because of its tolerance to storage, low planting cost, high yield, and rich nutritional value. But if you want to grow a good wax gourd, it depends on the variety. It also has something to do with light and fertilizer. What kind of fertilizer is good for wax gourd? How to apply fertilizer in each growing period? How much fertilizer does one mu of land need?

First, the law of fertilizer demand:

Wax gourd likes to grow in a warm environment, so the demand for fertilizer is the same as other crops, the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is the most, followed by nitrogen and phosphorus. The specific amount of fertilizer application should be determined according to climate, fertilizer types, soil properties, plant growth period and cultivation conditions.

2. Fertilization technology:

1. Base fertilizer of wax gourd

Wax gourd has a long growth period and needs a large amount of fertilizer, so it is necessary to apply sufficient base fertilizer before planting, especially in the areas where Rain Water is too much to apply fertilizer during the peak growth period of wax gourd. Generally, 60007000kg of rotten organic fertilizer is applied per mu. If the soil fertility is low, you can increase the application of potassium sulfate type three-element compound fertilizer (such as 15-15-15) 50-70 kg per mu, spread during soil preparation, turn 25-30 cm deep, Harrow fine leveling, or furrow application. The best planting period of wax gourd is the seedling age of 3-4 leaves. The seedling age is too old, it is not easy to take root and slow seedling after planting; the seedling age is too young, and the growth is slow in the early stage after planting. If the film is covered after planting, the sole water will be poured under the film.

As the wax gourd needs more calcium, and the acid soil in the south is easy to lack calcium, it is suggested that the over-acidic soil can be mixed with organic fertilizer and about 50 kg of lime per mu (organic fertilizer must be mature before it can be mixed with lime).

2. Seedling fertilizer of wax gourd

Small water and light fertilizer should be used in wax gourd seedling stage. One week after planting, when the plant begins to slow seedling, slow seedling water can be irrigated. If the base fertilizer is insufficient, you can apply topdressing lightly after slowing down the seedling. Generally, it is poured with rotten dung water with a concentration of 10% to 30%, or urea, or high-nitrogen compound fertilizer. The dosage should be small.

3. The vine fat of wax gourd

The amount of topdressing before the vine of wax gourd accounts for 30% to 40% of the total topdressing. Fertilization in this period is mainly to promote the growth of vine leaves, but it should not be too thick or too much, otherwise it will cause thick green leaves, shortening of internodes and yellowing of vine tips. If the basal fertilizer is sufficient and the plant growth is exuberant, there can be no fertilization; if the fertility is not sufficient, ditch fertilization can be made when melon seedlings have 5 or 6 leaves, and 20 kg of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer (such as 15-15-15 sulfur compound fertilizer) is applied per mu. In the wax gourd female flowers appear to the fruit before the appropriate control of fertilizer and water, especially nitrogen fertilizer, lest stems and leaves grow, resulting in melons.

4. the flowering and fruiting fertilizer of wax gourd

Flowering and fruiting fertilizer accounts for 60% to 70% of the total topdressing. This fertilization is very important for the growth of wax gourd. It is generally carried out after sitting down to prevent falling flowers and fruits. At the same time, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be complete. When the melon sits down, it is necessary to apply melon fertilizer in time, about 20 kg of three-element compound fertilizer per mu. At the same time, lateral vines should be removed in time to promote melon sitting. Small wax gourd leaves 2 or 4 melons per plant when they see female flowers. Large wax gourd is suitable for keeping melons at the second and third female flower nodes, leaving only one melon per plant.

(1) the initial stage of fruit expansion.

In the early stage of wax gourd fruit expansion, spraying 0.2% phosphate fertilizer twice can accelerate the fruit expansion. In addition, it is necessary to cover melon with withered grass or melon leaves at the right time (to prevent sunburn caused by strong light).

(2) the middle and late stage of fruit expansion.

In the middle and later stage of wax gourd fruit expansion, light fertilizer should be watered frequently, thoroughly every time, topdressing once every 15 days, preferably once in water. Each time 10 kg of urea, 10 kg of diammonium phosphate and 15 kg of potassium sulfate were applied per mu, or about 25 kg of high-nitrogen potassium compound fertilizer per mu. The amount and times of fertilization could be adjusted according to the previous fertilization status and the length of harvest period. If the harvest period is long, the amount of fertilizer application should be increased appropriately. When applying, ditches or holes can be opened at 40-50 cm from the root; it can also be combined with watering to convert the chemical fertilizer into 1.5%-2.0% liquid fertilizer at 40-50 cm from the root, so as not to damage the root system. In areas where conditions permit, topdressing can also use high-quality organic fertilizer (such as 75 kg of bean cake and 4000 kg of dilute dung water per mu).

(3) harvesting period

The application of fertilizer and water should be stopped 10-15 days before harvest in order to reduce the water content and increase the storability of wax gourd. According to the physiological maturity of wax gourd, the harvest time is appropriate.

5. Matters needing attention in fertilization

(1) No partial application of nitrogen fertilizer.

Many wax gourd plants always think that the more base fertilizer is applied, and more nitrogen fertilizers, such as ammonium sulfate, manure, urea and so on, are applied at the beginning of seedling stage, and more in the fruiting period. This will increase the cost due to excessive application of fertilizer, and will often lead to the occurrence and development of Fusarium wilt and blight; applying too much nitrogen fertilizer in the middle and later stages of fruit will often lead to a large number of fruit rot.

(2) fertilization should be applied according to weather conditions.

Choose to apply fertilizer on sunny days, if it is rainy, apply it three or four hours before rain as far as possible to fully absorb nutrients in the soil. Topdressing before and after heavy rain will often aggravate the occurrence of diseases.