When will the wild plant Artemisia annua be sown? What are the planting methods? What kind of variety should I plant?

Artemisia annua, also known as Artemisia annua, Artemisia annua L., Artemisia ann What are the planting methods? What kind of variety should I plant?

I. Variety selection

Narrow leaf commonly used varieties are small plum big leaf Artemisia annua and small plum broken leaf Artemisia annua. Small plum big leaf Artemisia, also known as Artemisia annua. The leaves are pinnately trifid, the tender stems are turquoise, with strong fragrance, thick and tender, hardy, disease-resistant, early germination and high yield.

2. Sowing and raising seedlings

The main results are as follows: 1. the time of raising seedlings: the seedlings are raised from June to August every year, and the seedling age is generally 25-35 days.

2. Fertilization in whole field: the ratio of seedling field to field is 1 ∶ 3: 4. The whole field is required to meet the standards of broken soil, clean grass, deficiency on the top and solid on the bottom. Apply sufficient base fertilizer before the whole field, using 1500kg farm fertilizer and 45% 5~l0 kg high quality compound fertilizer per mu, as well as 1000 kg farm fertilizer, 100kg 120kg cake fertilizer and 10kg 15kg compound fertilizer per mu. Fertilization should be carried out 7 days before raising seedlings, and base fertilizer should not be applied in holes and after sowing, so as not to cause fertilizer damage to seedlings. The suitable width of nursery bed is 1.5 to 2.0 meters.

3. Seedling treatment: it is better to choose the aboveground stem or the underground stem for the seedling. When peeling off the stem on the land, first peel the stem leaves, and then cut the stem into small segments 4cm long to ensure that each segment has 2 intact axillary buds or 2 nodes, then soak the small segment in water, add 30 grams of carbendazim and 1 gram of ABT rooting powder every 100g of water, 4 hours later, take out the shade dry to sow.

4. Sowing: this mode adopts striping propagation. In the whole seedling field, dig out the sowing line with a hoe 15 cm 20 cm wide, then sow the seedling segment in the row, sow 150 cm 180 segments per square meter, and finally cover the soil 1 cm 2 cm thick. Sowing seeds should be sowed with soil moisture or before rain.

5. Seedbed management:

The main results are as follows: (1) the common pests in seedling stage are aphids and cabbage insects, and the main diseases are gray mold and downy mildew. Pest control is based on the principle of "application of insecticides to see insects". Protective agents such as frost urea manganese zinc and aluminum triethylphosphonate are applied before the prevention and control of the disease.

(2) when there is drought before and after emergence, it is necessary to resist drought and protect seedlings in time.

(3) the herbicide was injected before emergence after sowing, alachlor or fluralin was used, about 0.2 kg per mu, and it could also be applied after seedling emergence.

III. Soil preparation and fertilization

The main results are as follows: (1) it is suitable to choose the sandy loam soil with non-Compositae crops, good irrigation conditions and fertile soil. Ploughing, turning and drying (freezing) before planting

(2) apply sufficient basic fertilizer, apply rotten organic fertilizer 3000kg / mu or rotten cake fertilizer 150kg / mu, high quality compound fertilizer 30kg; ditch to make beds according to 1.5-2.0m wide.

IV. Colonization

Dig out a small row with a small hoe or other utensils, arrange the seedlings in the row, and cultivate the soil. The standard of transplanting seedlings is: green leaves, thick stems, seedling length 15-18 cm. The planting row spacing is 15 cm, the plant spacing is 5-6 cm, and 60,000 ~ 70,000 plants are planted per mu.

V. Field management

1. Water and fertilizer management: narrow leaf moxa is resistant to moisture and drought. It should be watered frequently in high temperature and dry season to keep the field moist and promote its growth. Narrow leaf moxa seedlings must be irrigated with living water, 1000-3500 kg per mu. After survival, according to the condition of the seedling, sprinkle it with clear dung water or 1% urea water once. In winter, the soil is loosened shallowly before plastic mulching, 10 kg of urea or 20 kg of high-quality compound fertilizer per mu, and timely watering in case of drought. The Beginning of Spring then chased the clear fecal water again to promote the growth of stems and seedlings.

2.Intermediate ploughing and weeding: the underground stem of Artemisia angustifolia is mainly distributed in the soil layer of 5cm to 10cm. After planting live trees, the weeds in the field should be pulled out in time, and the soil should be ploughed and loosened in order to promote the root system to develop well and accumulate more nutrients.

3. Temperature management: after the aboveground was withered by frost in the first and middle of November, the narrow leaf moxa stalk was removed on the ground, and the withered branches, leaves and weeds in the field were removed. After fertilizing and watering for 5-7 days, it was covered with plastic film or small arch shed. When the daytime temperature of the shed (large or medium shed or small arch shed) exceeds 25 ℃, uncover the film for ventilation. Plastic film can also be covered directly on field seedlings, starting from the first frost period and ending at the harvest of the following year. If the daytime temperature exceeds 5 ℃ in winter and spring, attention should be paid to uncovering the film to prevent the emergence of old and weak seedlings and line seedlings, so as not to reduce their commerciality.

4. Intermediate seedlings: when the seedlings reach about 3cm, the seedlings should be kept at the same time, keeping 3-4 seedlings per shoot. Otherwise, too many seedlings will cause crowding, which will affect the commerciality of Artemisia annua.

5. Building a shed to prevent cold: the optimum temperature of Artemisia annua is 20-25 ℃, and the temperature decreases gradually after October. When the air temperature is below 10 ℃ or frost, the stems and leaves wither and the growth of Artemisia annua is slow, but Artemisia annua overwintering as underground stem, the underground stem can germinate above 5 ℃. In order to ensure the listing of Artemisia annua during New Year's Day and Spring Festival, a shed should be built to keep warm and prevent frost before the temperature drops to 10 ℃ in the middle and last ten days of November. Covered with 0.08cm thick non-dripping film, the length, width and height of the greenhouse are 3540 m, 4.5 m and 1.7 m, respectively, which is suitable for north-south direction. The greenhouse kept 18 ℃ ~ 23 ℃ in sunny days. The two ends of the shed should be opened for ventilation at noon when the temperature is high, so as not to grow too long because the temperature is too high. Artemisia annua rot or blacken due to excessive humidity and poor ventilation. Remove the cover film in time when the temperature rises after the Spring Festival.

6. pest control: narrow leaf moxa has strong resistance to diseases and insect pests, the main diseases are gray mold and root rot, and the main pests are aphids and cabbage insects. Root rot was irrigated with 800 times solution of 50% carbendazim wettable powder or 58% nail cream manganese zinc wettable powder at the initial stage of root rot. At the initial stage of the onset of Botrytis cinerea, 1000-fold spray was used to control Botrytis cinerea, 1500-fold solution of 5% fluflubenzuron dispersible solution was used to control cabbage insects, and 2000-fold solution of imidacloprid wettable powder was used to control aphids.

VI. Scientific harvesting

When the tender plant of Artemisia annua grows to 15~25cm, the apical heart leaf is not scattered, and the color is light green, it is close to the border for harvest. Harvest once in about 30 days when the temperature is suitable, and once in 50 days when the temperature is low. Except for a few heart leaves, all the leaves of the cut stems were erased. Tie the handle according to different thickness, then soak it in clean water, cover it with a wet cloth and put it in a cool place. After 8 hours of softening, it can be put on the market.

7. Reasonable seed retention

After the last crop of harvest in March, choose to reserve seedling fields, usually leaving a sufficient area at 1:5. If the land area is small, the planting field should be reduced first, and after harvest before June to July, the area should be increased for propagation. The management method of keeping farming is the same as above.