What are the kinds of watermelons that are the king of summer fruits? Can I be grafted? Attached greenhouse planting technology reference!

Watermelon is one of everyone's favorites in summer, with a wide variety of juicy and sweet taste. It can cool down and relieve summer heat; the seeds contain oil and can be used as recreational food; the peel is used medicinally, which has the effects of clearing heat, diuresis and lowering blood pressure. What are the kinds of watermelons? What is the planting technology and grafting technology of watermelon in greenhouse?

What are the types of watermelons?

1. Hongyu watermelon in early spring

Early spring Hongyu is a hybrid generation of very precocious small red flesh watermelon. It was planted in spring, harvested in May and matured 35 days after fruit setting. It is planted in summer and autumn, harvested in September and matured 25 days after fruit setting. The variety has a long oval appearance, clear green stripes, robust plant growth, 0.4-0.5 cm thick pericarp, crisp and tender flesh, central sugar content more than 12.5, single melon weight 2.0 kg, long preservation time and good marketability.

2. Black Beauty Watermelon

Black beauty watermelon shape is oval, melon shape is smaller, melon skin is pure black, as the name implies, black beauty.

3. Seedless watermelon

According to the genetic characteristics, seedless watermelons can be artificially planted, round, there are no seeds in the pulp, and need to be bred every year.

4. Watermelon with flower peel

The peel melon is oval in shape, the melon is large, and the peel is light green and dark green.

5. Texiaofeng watermelon

Special Xiaofeng watermelon is round, with flower stripes and yellow flesh.

6. Meibao watermelon

Mibao watermelon is round, the peel is dark green, when ripe, there is wax powder on the surface, red, crisp and juicy.

7. Le Bao Watermelon

Lebao watermelon is round, dark green peel, red flesh, dense and crisp.

II. Planting techniques of watermelon in greenhouse

1. Variety selection

There are many varieties of watermelon. Watermelon varieties suitable for greenhouse cultivation in early spring require not only early maturity, high quality, but also easy to bear fruit, disease resistance, high yield, suitable for market needs and so on. According to the summary in recent years, the main varieties suitable for greenhouse cultivation are Jinmei Daguo, supreme, Lido and so on.

2. Rootstock selection

Watermelon rootstocks require not only good and stable compatibility with watermelon grafting, but also good disease resistance and no adverse effect on watermelon quality. According to the observation in recent years, gourd rootstocks are poor in resistance to acute Fusarium wilt of watermelon, and it is easy to cause inestimable losses, while pumpkin rootstocks perform relatively well, so now the basic watermelon rootstocks are pumpkin rootstocks. At present, the better rootstocks are Zhuangsi, pumpkin No. 2, pumpkin Changbai board and so on.

3. Seed treatment

Rootstock seeds and watermelon seeds are treated in the same way: soak the seeds in 25: 30 ℃ warm water for 48 hours, wash the seeds in clean water several times and knead repeatedly to wash off the harmful substances on the seed surface, then wrap them with fine cloth and put them in an incubator of 27: 30 ℃ to accelerate germination, or insert a thermometer on the Kang to accelerate germination.

4. Sowing technology

The sowing time of watermelon in greenhouse is about December 20 of the Gregorian calendar. Put the seeds of rootstocks that promote budding in the middle, germ down, and then cover with floating soil (fine sand loam) and cover the soil 1.5 centimeters. In general, watermelon seeds can be germinated about 5 days after rootstock seed sowing, and watermelon seeds can be accelerated by sandbox.

5. Grafting technology

Grafting time: after the cotyledons of the rootstock seeds are flattened, the grafting can be carried out, which is also the best time for grafting.

Grafting method: adopt the top insertion method, remove the growing point of the rootstock during grafting, use a bamboo stick at the incision of the rootstock, insert the lower axis of the cotyledon oblique 45 along the direction of the cotyledon line, with a depth of 0.5 cm, the top of the bamboo stick reaches the other side of the cortex of the lower axis of the cotyledon, then take out the scion seedling, cut it off with a blade 45 °on the index finger, cut the scion seedling, pull out the bamboo stick, and insert the scion in the direction of the bamboo stick Jack.

Grafting management: the temperature should be kept at 25 ℃ and the low temperature should be kept at 24 ℃. It should be airtight and unventilated in the first three days after grafting, so that the air humidity can reach saturation. One week before planting, the ground temperature dropped to 15: 13 ℃, the temperature dropped to 23 ℃ during the day and 13 ℃ at night, and the lowest at night was no less than 10 ℃ to refine the seedlings, which kept the seedlings close to the ambient temperature after planting.