When is it good to prune deciduous trees and pomegranates in spring, summer, autumn and winter? How to trim and reshape?

Pomegranates, also known as Shanliye, Danruo, Ruoliu, Jinying, Jinpang, Tu Lin, Tianjiang, is a common fruit tree in Jiangsu, Henan and other places. At present, most areas of our country are also planted. If pomegranate is to have high yield, it needs to be pruned to promote lateral branch growth. How should pomegranate trees be pruned in spring, summer, autumn and winter? When will it be trimmed? How to trim?

How do you trim pomegranate trees?

1 How to trim in spring?

(1)pruning time

It is carried out in the bud stage from germination to flowering, generally from mid-April to May, mainly from late April to late May.

(2)Trimming method:

① Adjust the proportion of fruit branches

Cut off excessive fine branches or fruiting mother branches with scissors so that the ratio of fruit branches reaches a reasonable level.

② Bud thinning and flower thinning

During the period from budding to full flowering, all bell-shaped buds should be wiped off. For the flowers that have opened, only bell-shaped flowers should be wiped off, leaving tubular flowers and gourd-shaped normal flowers, so as not to absorb nutrients. At the same time, around the fruit branches of gourd-shaped normal flowers, there are 3~5 vegetative branches (with more than 100 leaves). In general, bud thinning and flower thinning can obviously increase fruit setting rate by 20~30%.

③ thinning and cutting pests

Cut off diseased branches, residual branches, etc., pruning can be carried out at the same time as bud thinning and flower thinning.

④ Bud wiping and sprout removal

At the same time of bud thinning and flower thinning, dense budding shoots and trunk, budding shoots and budding branches above and below the main branches can be cut off to facilitate ventilation and light transmission and better growth.

2. How to trim in summer?

(1)pruning time

It takes place in June and July.

(2)pruning method

①. fruit thinning

In the middle of June (north), after the young fruits of 1~2 crops of flowers are seated, the small fruits, all diseased fruits, insect fruits and abnormal fruits in the double fruits are cut off and buried deeply to prevent the spread of diseases and insect pests. According to the third crop of flowers and fruits, it is required to keep more first crop fruits and select second crop fruits. The third crop fruits are often very small and mature late. Under normal circumstances, they should be all thinned out.

② Thinning branches

Cut off all kinds of branches with diseases and insect pests, dense growth and excessive growth. Generally, the pruning area is suitable for 10~15% of the projected area of the whole crown. The main purpose is to ensure good ventilation and light transmission, so that flower buds and fruits can grow better.

③ Opening angle

If the main branches grow upright and the main branch spacing does not reach the standard of 80~100 cm, it is necessary to open the three main branches with sticks or pull them apart with lead wires to make the crown have good ventilation and light transmission.

3 How to cut it in autumn?

(1)pruning time

August to October

(2)pruning method

① Thinning branches

Similar to the summer pruning method, it is necessary to cut off the branches with dense growth, excessive growth and pests, so that the crown is "three thin and three dense" state. In addition, after cutting off the residual branches, diseased branches, residual leaves, etc. should be buried or burned in a centralized manner to reduce the spread of diseases and insect pests.

(2) Root pruning after fruit picking and before defoliation

From mid-October to November, the fruit trees after fruit picking and before deciduous can be pruned. Under normal circumstances, the dense branches or diseased branches, residual branches, residual leaves, etc. can be cut off to facilitate the growth of branches and new roots and ensure adequate nutrition in all aspects.

4 How to trim in winter?

(1)pruning time

After defoliation and before germination. In arid and cold areas, freezing damage is easy to occur in winter, so pruning can be carried out before germination in spring.

(2)pruning method

① Treatment of large branches

According to the principle of "three thin and three dense", large branches should be treated. Between the three main branches and lateral branches, they should maintain a distance of 80~100 cm from each other so that their branchlets (branch groups) have space for growth. When the distance between main branches and lateral branches is small, the method of thinning large branches or opening large branches can be adopted to make it meet the above requirements for large branch spacing standards.

② Treatment of branchlets

After the main branch spacing is opened, the distribution of the twigs (big and small branch groups) on the crown is sparse at the top and dense at the bottom, sparse outside and dense inside. The density of bore branchlet, want to compare upper part and exterior a little bit more dense, but cannot too dense, its requirement is branchlet does not cross each other, do not overlap each other and leave surplus empty. Leaving space means leaving room for new shoots to grow after germination. For example, the length of the original twigs is 30 cm. After thinning, be sure to leave 30 cm space for their development. That is to say, the twigs not only do not cross each other, do not overlap each other, but also maintain a space of 30 cm. Otherwise, the new shoots that occur in spring and summer after germination will be severely crossed and overlapped to form a "three-dense" tree without ventilation and light transmission.

③ Treatment of fruiting mother branches

During and after thinning, flower buds and fruiting mother shoots bearing flower buds should be identified. In order to retain as many fruiting mother branches as possible with flower buds, and to retain 3 to 5 vegetative branches around them. If there are too many fruiting mother branches, some fine fruiting mother branches can be thinned, leaving thick and plump fruiting mother branches, and the ratio of fruiting mother branches to vegetative branches is roughly 1:5~15, or the ratio is larger, 1:5~8. If the original tree branches are too dense, do not form flower buds or flower buds are too few, then only prune to the extent that the twigs do not cross, do not overlap and leave empty. For these branches, the proportion of fruit branches and vegetative branches can be adjusted when new flower buds appear after germination in the following spring. After winter pruning, the remaining fruit branches and vegetative buds can obtain more concentrated root nutrients, and promote the differentiation of flower buds and a small number of vegetative buds to change into flower buds and fruiting mother branches.

④ Treatment of diseased branches

During winter pruning of pomegranate trees, all diseased branches should be thinned or cut off to reduce or eliminate re-infected pests.

How do you trim potted pomegranate trees?

Potted pomegranate to sprout in the spring before the idea of a good posture in the heart to cut off redundant branches and untidy branches. The pruning of seedlings is mainly pointed, usually at a height of more than 10 cm. The dense part of the new lateral branches can be cut off from the base, and the long branches can be modeled by repeated pinching method. At the same time, it promotes the early formation of full lateral buds between leaf axils, so as to prepare nutrition reserves for new fruit mother branches in the coming year. The dense needle-like short branches can be cut off.

Trimming precautions:

1. In spring, cut off dead branches, dead leaves, diseased branches, long branches and weak branches during winter, keep healthy branches and crown shapes, which is conducive to new branches, more flowers and more fruits of plants, and remove the core when the seedlings are 10 cm high to promote branch growth and achieve crown fullness.

2, pomegranate tree pruning should pay attention to stay outside, stay straight without horizontal, cut mouth should stay outside.

3, pomegranate tree pruning should focus on excessive long branches and rhizosphere buds, because excessive long branches are trunk or large lateral main branch cortex hidden bud germination, strong hair, upright or oblique upward growth, but not easy to differentiate flower buds, interference tree shape. The rhizosphere sprouts germinate from the underground rhizosphere and grow faster than the crown branches, but most of them only consume nutrients.