What vegetables can be interplanted in "longevity fruit" tomatoes (tomatoes)? When will you plant it? Various methods of interplanting vegetables are attached.

In order to make enough land and increase the income of agricultural products, interplanting mode has been adopted in most parts of our country to increase production. However, due to the low production level of growers and random planting of vegetable varieties, they do not know how to carry out rotation and interplanting technology reasonably, resulting in low output value and low economic benefits. Which vegetables can be interplanted in the tomato (tomato) field? When will you plant it?

1. Soil preparation and fertilization

Select the fields with flat terrain, convenient drainage and irrigation, low groundwater table and fertile soil fertility, which have not planted Solanaceae and melon and bean crops for 2-3 years, turn the land deeply, apply rotten organic fertilizer 2000~2500kg and compound fertilizer 20kg per mu, fine rake flat, open ditches for border, the width of the border is 1.1-1.4m.

2. Variety selection

Select tomato varieties with low temperature, low light and strong disease resistance, such as Duoruixing, Ruixing 5, Sufen 11 and Sufen 13; cowpea varieties, such as Gandee 3, salt cowpea 1 and salt purple cowpea 2; muskmelon varieties, such as Lubao and Japanese Tianbao.

3. High-yield cultivation techniques of tomato interplanting cowpea.

(1) time of sowing and raising seedlings

Tomato seedlings were raised in August, planted in September, listed in February of the second year, and ended at the end of February and the beginning of March. Cowpea seedlings were planted in tomato plants at the age of 15 days at the beginning of February, listed at the end of April, and ended at the end of May and the beginning of June.

(2) planting density

The row distance between tomato and cowpea was 0.45m × 0.50m and 2200 holes per 667m2.

(3) Field management

In the process of planting tomato, the temperature of tomato seedling was controlled at 25: 30 ℃; 70% of the seedlings were unearthed and the plastic film was removed to release the air; after the cotyledons of seedlings were extended, the temperature was controlled at 15: 20 ℃; after 1 leaf, the temperature was controlled at 25: 30 ℃ in daytime and 15: 20 ℃ at night, and maintained at 15: 20 ℃ for 20 days.

In the process of planting cowpea, before the seedlings were unearthed, the temperature was kept above 25 ℃. After emergence, the temperature was controlled at 25: 28 ℃ in the daytime and 15: 18 ℃ at night.

4. Rest the shed

All the exits of the greenhouse are sealed, no watering, and rotary ploughing after applying organic fertilizer. Due to the high temperature in summer, the temperature in the greenhouse can reach 60-70 ℃. The high temperature in the greenhouse can effectively kill germs and insects in the greenhouse and soil, and reduce diseases and insect pests in the greenhouse and soil.

5. High-yield cultivation techniques of tomato rotation muskmelon.

(1) time of sowing and raising seedlings

Tomato seedlings were raised in August, planted in September, listed in February of the following year, and ended from the end of February to the beginning of March. Muskmelon was raised in early February, planted in early March, listed in June and ended at the end of June.

(2) planting density

The row spacing of tomato was 0.45m × 0.50m with 2200 holes per 667m2, and that of muskmelon was 1.33m × 0.40m with 1200 holes per 667m2.

(3) temperature management

In the process of planting muskmelon, the temperature was controlled at 28: 32 ℃ in daytime and 18: 20 ℃ at night after sowing; after seedling emergence, the temperature was controlled at 20: 26 ℃ in daytime and 10: 13 ℃ at night; after the true leaves were flattened, 22: 30 ℃ in daytime and 13: 20 ℃ at night; when 3 true leaves were released, seedlings were kept at 18: 20 ℃ in daytime and 10: 15 ℃ at night, seedling age was about 30 days, and 4 leaves were planted. The temperature management of tomato is the same as 3.3.

6. Field management and pest control

(1) Lighting management

In the process of planting, in order to improve the light conditions of the seedling bed, under the premise of ensuring the temperature needed for the normal growth of seedlings, the mulch should be uncovered as early as possible. In case of low temperature and cold wave, it is only necessary to strengthen the coverage at night and in the morning and evening, and increase the light as much as possible during the day.

(2) Water management

Can be properly watered, should be a small amount of frequent watering, watering time should be chosen in sunny days 10: 00 / 12: 00. When the humidity of the bed soil is too high, the method of ventilation or sprinkling dry soil can be used to reduce the humidity, and the heat preservation should be taken into account when ventilation and humidity reduction, so that the seedlings are not damaged by freezing.

(3) pollination management

Melons are pollinated by bees and tomatoes are sprayed with anti-ascorbic acid. The use of black film mulching weed control technology can not only save manpower and material resources, reduce the occurrence and spread of diseases and insect pests, but also increase vegetable yield and improve vegetable quality.

(4) Disease and pest control

In the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests, sun drying and warm soup soaking seeds before sowing, high-temperature closed shed in midsummer, using anti-insect net, hanging yellow board to trap and kill aphids, covering silver ash film to expel aphids The eggs of diseased plants and insects should be removed manually, and the use times, concentration and safety interval of various pesticides should be strictly controlled. after entering the harvest period, chemicals with low toxicity and short safety interval can only be selected, and different types of chemicals should be used alternately as far as possible. pull out diseased heavy plants in time, remove diseased leaves and fruits, clean the countryside, and create a suitable growth environment.

Control of Diseases and insect pests in ① Tomato

A. in the process of prevention and control of tomato diseases and insect pests, adhere to the principle that prevention is more important than control. In addition to seed disinfection and drug colonization, after planting slow seedlings, spray 20% morpholine guanidine hydrochloride wettable powder 300 times or 1.5% Zhi Jianling water emulsion 800 times once to prevent virus disease and early blight.

B, when aphids are found, spray 2000 times of imidacloprid wettable powder in time. Cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera, was sprayed with 1000 times of 3% Avi ·HCl EC.

C, when late blight is found in the fruit period, spray 72% frost urea ·manganese-zinc wettable powder 800 times in time.

Pest control of ② cowpea

A. pay attention to timely control of leaf miner, pod borer, anthracnose, rust, powdery mildew and so on. Leaf miner is controlled with 10% chlorphenamine suspension 300 times 400 times. Bean pod borer was sprayed with 1.5% methylvitamin salt EC 3000 times or 5% Regent (fipronil) EC 1500 times.

B. Anthracnose was prevented and treated with 2500 times of difenoconazole water dispersible granules. Rust and powdery mildew were sprayed with 4000-fold triadimefon wettable powder or 1500-fold triadimefon wettable powder.

Control of Diseases and insect pests of ③ muskmelon

A, quenching disease and blight were sprayed or irrigated with 72.2% Prike (chloramphenicol hydrochloride) 750x solution + 20g chloramphenicol (chloramphenicol ·allicin) powder 1000 times + 0.138% Bihuo (red ·indole ·brassica) wettable powder 10000 times, and then sprayed again after planting slow seedlings.

B, powdery mildew was sprayed with 3000 times of water dispersible granule (oxime bacteria tebuconazole).

C. Downy mildew was sprayed with 68.75% silver farinolide (fluoromycete ·aldicarb) suspension 500 times 800 times, and then sprayed again 3 days later.

D, anthrax was sprayed with 3000 times of diazepam water dispersible granules or 43% of tebuconazole (tebuconazole) suspension.

E, aphids were sprayed with 3000 times of Ambroxol water dispersible granules.

F, whitefly was sprayed with 22.4 mu Wangte (spirochete ethyl ester) suspension 1000 times, and sprayed again in 7-15 days.

7. Output and output value

The average yield of tomato was 7500kg per 667m2, with an average output value of 27000 yuan per 1kg, the average yield of cowpea per 667m2 was 2.8yuan per 1kg, the output value was 7000 yuan, and the average yield of muskmelon was 2500kg per 667m2, with an average output value of 10000 yuan per 1kg.