How do you grow eggplant in two crops a year? what varieties should be planted in 2018-2020? You can do it twice a year if you master these points!

Eggplant is a common vegetable on the table, because of its high nutritional value and low price, it is widely eaten. At present, most areas are planted, and in most areas, it is a crop every year. In fact, eggplant can also be harvested twice a year. What is the best variety for 2018 - 2020?

2018 - 2020 What kind of eggplant is good for two crops a year?

Select high-quality and high-yield varieties with developed root system, strong growth potential, strong branching, strong disease resistance, high temperature resistance, good commodity quality and market demand. At present, Hangqiao2010 and Hangfeng1 are the main varieties selected for regeneration and cultivation of winter eggplant in greenhouse in Jiashan County.

How do you grow two eggplants a year?

1, timely sowing, cultivating strong seedlings

(1)seed treatment

The best sowing time for eggplant overwintering in greenhouse is the first and middle of August. Seed treatment is carried out before sowing, seeds are soaked in warm water at 55 DEG C for 15 minutes, disinfected, soaked in clean water for 3 - 5 hours, then taken out and wrapped in clean gauze or wet towel, germination is accelerated under the environment of 28 - 30 DEG C, seeds are inspected after 24 hours, white seeds are timely picked out and kept wet, and seeds can be sown when more than 80% of seeds are white.

When sowing, water should be poured on the soles of feet, the sowing amount per square meter is 1.5g, after sowing, nutrient soil with a thickness of 0.5~1.0cm is covered, and plastic film is covered on the seedling bed surface, the seedling bed temperature is controlled at 28~30 DEG C, and moisture is reduced to prevent diseases after emergence.

(2)temporary planting

When the seedlings grow 2~4 true leaves, divide the seedlings into nutrient bowls. The artificial planting should be carried out in sunny days. After the artificial planting, irrigate the sole water, cover the small arch film and cover the sunshade net. The second day can be properly ventilated. The third day can be removed and the sunshade time can be reduced. Generally, the sunshade net can be removed after 5 days for normal management.

The temperature should be controlled at 20~28℃ during the day and 15~20℃ at night. The lighting time should be increased appropriately to avoid excessive humidity and promote early root growth.

After artificial planting, seedling fertilizer can be added according to seedling condition. When fertilizer is deficient, watering and fertilization can be combined. 100g ternary compound fertilizer (N∶P∶K=15 ∶ 15, the same below) can be added for every 50kg water.

2. Apply enough basal fertilizer and plant in time

Planting should be done in the middle and late September, when the seedling age is about 45 days.

Before planting, apply decomposed organic fertilizer 2000~2500kg and ternary compound fertilizer 50kg per mu, or apply biological organic compound fertilizer with equivalent equivalent. Then deep ploughing, the width of the furrow (continuous furrow) is about 1.5m, the depth of the furrow between the furrows is 20cm, and the depth of the peripheral furrow is 40cm.

7 days before planting, the shed was buckled to raise the temperature of the shed, drip irrigation was laid under the film, and then plastic film was covered. When the seedling height is 20~25cm, the stem diameter is more than 0.6 cm, and the true leaf is 7~8 pieces, it can be transplanted. Transplanting in sunny morning, one day before planting seedbed irrigation, 2 rows per row, plant spacing 35~40cm, planting 2200~2500 plants per 667m2.

3. Field management

(1)Temperature: Close the shed for 3 days after eggplant planting to promote slow seedling. If the shed temperature exceeds 40℃, ventilation and cooling should be appropriate. In winter, multi-layer mulch was adopted for overwintering. When the lowest temperature was 5~6℃, two films were set up, and when the lowest temperature was 0℃, three films were set up, and the distance between films was controlled above 15cm.

(2)Light: management should be based on warming and heat preservation, while taking into account other factors such as light, moisture and air conditions. The highest temperature in the shed is controlled at about 28℃, and the lowest temperature at night is kept above 10℃. Use multifunctional film with good light transmittance, keep the film surface clean, uncover the insulation cover according to weather conditions during the day, and try to increase the light intensity and time.

(3)Topdressing: after planting, topdressing shall be timely applied according to the growth condition, 30~50kg ternary compound fertilizer shall be applied per mu, and ventilation shall be strengthened to prevent ammonia damage after fertilization.

(4)Pruning: when the door eggplant flowering, the door eggplant below the lateral branches will be removed, and depending on the growth of some leaves, when the plant has a tendency to excessive growth, remove part of the functional leaves, inhibit excessive growth.

Especially when the fruit rate is low, pruning and leaf picking should be timely, and the pruning amplitude should be large to achieve the purpose of ventilation and light transmission. During the winter low temperature period, anti-drop element can be used to dot flowers, improve fruit setting rate and ensure eggplant yield.

4. Timely harvest

It takes about 20 days for eggplant to be harvested from flowering. The early fruits of eggplant and eggplant should be harvested in time to facilitate the growth of late fruits. Harvest every 3 - 4 days after entering the flourishing fruit period.

Harvest time should take into account the market price and plant growth, growth potential too prosperous, appropriate delay picking, growth potential weak, appropriate early harvest. In Jiashan County, the regeneration culture of winter eggplant in greenhouse generally stops from the end of November to the end of June of the next year, and the fruit is not retained, nor is the pruning carried out, and the plant is rejuvenated.

5. Pruning regeneration technology

Summer high temperature season, when a large number of open field eggplant listed, greenhouse winter eggplant began to appear poor growth, yield reduction, poor quality, market prices fell rapidly. Therefore, winter eggplant in greenhouse in Jiashan County is generally harvested until the end of June and no longer leaves fruit. One-off pruning is carried out at the end of July and the beginning of August.

Cut off all the plant heads with scissors, keep 3~4 strong lateral buds for scientific cultivation, remove the rest of the young buds and old leaves, and apply 25~30kg of ternary compound fertilizer with water.

After pruning, due to the high external temperature and the huge root absorption, the pruning can be harvested in about 30 days. Generally, the first crop of eggplant can be harvested and the next crop can be arranged.

6, pest control

The main diseases of eggplant are gray mold, early blight, bacterial wilt, etc. The main pests of eggplant are thrips, tea yellow mite, etc.

According to the plant protection policy of "prevention first, comprehensive control", adhere to the harmless management policy of "agricultural control, physical control, biological control first, chemical control second".