What are the reasons for the high yield of green onions? Is there any difference between green onion and spring onion? How to deal with pest control?

Green onion is one of the more common foods on our table. Onion vegetables play an extremely important role in the production of vegetables in China. The cultivated area accounts for 10% of the total sown area of vegetables, and the output accounts for 7% of the total output. So what are the reasons for the high yield of green onions? Do you know the difference between green onions and green onions? How to deal with disease and insect pest control of scallions?

What are the reasons for the high yield of green onions?

1. Select superior species

Choose good varieties with high yield, strong disease resistance and spicy taste, such as chicken leg spring onion, high foot white and so on.

2. Select a parcel

Continuous cropping of green onions is the most taboo. As the agricultural saying goes, "spicy to spicy, must be blind, leeks and garlic do not meet" and so on, so in the arrangement of stubble, green onions cannot be planted with garlic, leeks, onions and other Umbelliferae vegetables. But can be intercropped with cabbage, eggplant, wax gourd, watermelon, cabbage or stubble. The plot should choose the soil with rich organic matter, deep soil layer, high dryness and convenient drainage. The green onions produced by such plots have spicy taste, rich flavor and high yield.

3. Soil preparation and fertilization

Apply sufficient base fertilizer, 5000 kg of rotten farm manure and 50 kg of high-phosphorus and high-potassium compound fertilizer per mu, spread the above fertilizer evenly on the border surface, then turn 20-30 cm deep, and use ploughing to open the ditch, the ditch depth is 30 cm.

4. Timely planting

In the central and southern plain area of our province, the most suitable planting period for storing spring onions in winter is generally from late June to early July. The method of transplanting is often used in production, pouring a permeable water on the spring onion seedling bed 2-3 days before seedling emergence, so that the soil is not dry or wet, it is not difficult to start seedlings, and it is not contaminated with soil. Do with the seedling, plant the seedling with the fixed planting. When planting seedlings, the depth is not buried heart leaves, exposed on the ground 7-10 cm is appropriate, because green onion seedlings of different sizes, should keep the lower part neat and consistent. Generally, there are 13000-16000 seedlings per mu in high-yield fields. Fertile land should be thin, thin land should be dense; more fertilizer should be sparse, and less fertilizer should be dense. In order to cultivate soil conveniently, the method of enlarging row spacing and reducing plant spacing should be adopted. The row spacing is 70 cm and the plant spacing is 5-8 cm.

5. Field management

After the green onion seedlings were planted, the old roots rotted quickly, and after 4-5 days, the new roots germinated, the new roots grew, and the new leaves began to grow. The early management goal of storing spring onions in winter is to promote root growth, one is to prevent waterlogging, and the other is to loosen the soil. After the Beginning of Autumn, the air temperature gradually decreased, the root absorption function turned to the peak period, and the need for water and fertilizer increased. During the period from the Beginning of Autumn to White Dew, the principle of watering was "light watering, morning and evening watering". Combined with topdressing "leaf-attacking fertilizer", 1500 kg of rotten farm manure and 20 kg of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer were applied per mu to promote the rapid development of leaves. After White Dew, the weather was cool, the temperature difference between day and night increased, and green onions entered a period of green onion formation, which was also a key period of fertilizer and water management. from White Dew to the Autumn Equinox, quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer was the main topdressing, urea was better, and about 20 kg per mu was suitable. The principle of watering is "frequent watering, re-watering", often keep the soil moist, in order to meet the green onion growth needs. After Frosts Descent, the weather became cooler and cooler, the growth of leaves became slower and slower, and the transpiration of foliar water decreased. Watering should be reduced gradually and should be stopped 7-8 days before harvest in order to improve the storability of spring onions stored in winter.

Second, the difference between green onions and spring onions

Spring onions are generally divided into green onions and small onions, mainly green onions in the north, especially as seasoning for cooking, such as Shandong green onions, thick skins and thick leaves, sometimes a green onion can weigh up to two or three jin, green onions can be directly used as a vegetable to stir-fry, such as fried kidney flowers with green onions, fried mutton with green onions and so on.

In the south, there are mainly some scallions, also known as chives. For example, the more distinctive ones are Guangzhou's chives, which are more attractive, more slippery, and feel like a little Jasper. They are usually used as auxiliary materials for cooking dishes. They can be mixed with tofu, seasoned with clear soup, raw or cold.

Spring onions are high in protein and minerals, as well as high in carotene. In terms of minerals, green onions have higher nutritional value than green onions. From the point of view of rich in allicin, the content of green onions is higher, so green onions are relatively more pungent, with the role of promoting appetite and stimulating gastric acid secretion, as well as good germicidal effect, which can prevent intestinal diseases.

III. Disease and insect pest control of green onion

1. Insect pests

The main pests of green onions cultivated in off-season are leaf miner, spring onion thrips, beet armyworm and so on. Control method: during the peak period of nymph occurrence, 10% imidacloprid wettable powder 2000 × 2500 liquid was sprayed once per 7~l0d for 2 consecutive times. In the initial stage of adult occurrence and the peak period of latent leaves of larvae, 1.8% avermectin EC was sprayed with 2000-3000 times of avermectin EC, once per 7~l0d for 2 or 3 consecutive times.

2. Disease

The main diseases are purple spot, downy mildew, virus disease and so on.

Purple spot: remove diseased plants or diseased leaves and pedicels in time, and bury or burn them deeply; at the initial stage of the disease, spray 75% chlorothalonil, 500 times of wettable powder or 500 times of 70% mancozeb wettable powder or 64% alum 500 times of wettable powder, etc., the above agents are used alternately, once every 7 days and 3 times in a row.

Downy mildew: at the initial stage of the disease, spray 25% metalaxyl wettable powder or 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 500 times 600 times, once every 7 days, 3 times continuously.

Virus disease: early detection of diseased plants pulled out in time, concentrated deep burial or burning. Strengthen fertilizer and water management and control aphids in time. In the early stage of the disease, 20% virus A wettable powder was sprayed 500 times for 2 times continuously for 3 times.