What is the efficacy and function of bergamot fruit? How do you eat it? How do you plant it?

Bergamot is usually used as a traditional Chinese medicine or as an ornamental plant because of its peculiar fruit shape. So what is the efficacy and function of bergamot fruit? How do you eat it? How do you plant it?

I. the efficacy and function of bergamot fruit

1. Improve the immune ability. Bergamot fruit is comprehensive and nutritious, and regular consumption is beneficial to enhance the resistance of the human body.

two。 Lower blood pressure. The content of protein and calcium in bergamot fruit is 3 times higher than that in cucumber. The content of vitamins and minerals in bergamot fruit is also significantly higher than that in other melons. It is also a low-sodium food and is a health vegetable for patients with heart and hypertension. Often eat bergamot fruit can promote diuresis and excretion of sodium, has the function of vasodilation and blood pressure reduction.

3. Relieving cough and resolving phlegm, replenishing qi and nourishing blood. As a traditional Chinese medicine, bergamot fruit has the effect of regulating qi, soothing the liver and relieving cough. It is suitable for people with dyspepsia, chest flatulence, vomiting, liver and stomach pain, tracheitis, cough and phlegm.

Second, how to eat bergamot fruit

1. Bergamot fruit soak in water. The practice is to first wash the bergamot fruit and cut it into thin slices, and then put it in a clean leaky container. The bergamot tablets are spread out in the leaky container and dried in a sunny place. Collect the dried bergamot tablets. When drinking water, you can put 1 or 2 tablets into the water cup, then pour into the right amount of boiling water, and add the right amount of honey to the boiled water.

two。 Bergamot fruit bubble honey. Bergamot fruit bubble honey has a certain effect on the treatment of phlegm and cough. The method is: take off a few fingers of fresh bergamot fruit and put it in a windy place to separate moisture. Then wash the slices. Take a clean glass bottle, fill it with the right amount of honey, put the prepared bergamot tablets into the glass bottle, let the honey cover the bergamot tablets, and then get up and put them in a cool place. After about 3 months, you can eat them.

When there are symptoms of cough and phlegm, in addition to regular treatment in the hospital, in the recovery period, you can take an appropriate amount of bergamot fruit tablets soaked in honey, and then add an appropriate amount of boiling water to dilute it and drink it, which has a certain effect on resolving phlegm. But it's best not to drink it during medication.

3. Bergamot rose drink. The method is: cut the bergamot into filaments or flakes, dry it in a windy place, and take about 10g. Buy the right amount of roses in the supermarket or online store, take about 5g each time, put bergamot and roses in a teacup, pour them into boiling water and drink them.

4. Bergamot sugar ginger drink. Take 10g bergamot slices, 10g cut ginger slices, put together, then add the right amount of brown sugar, stir well. When the side ribs of a cold are full and uncomfortable, you can drink it after soaking in boiling water or frying water in a pan.

3. Planting techniques of bergamot fruit

1. After bergamot is planted and survived, it should be watered less and frequently. In summer, in addition to watering once in the morning and late, it is also necessary to spray water on the leaf surface for 2 or 3 times to increase the humidity of the surrounding air and be conducive to growth and development. People should reduce watering properly after autumn to prevent excessive growth of branches and fruit drop.

two。 After entering the house in winter, water should be watered once every 3-5 days, usually around 11:00 in the morning. The basin soil should be kept "slightly moist and mostly moist". The basin soil should be slightly drier. When there is dust deposited on the leaf surface, it should be sprayed and washed away. Do not spray water too frequently. Bergamot needs a large amount of fertilizer during the growing period, and it is easy to drop flowers and fruits due to lack of nutrition.

3. Fertilization can be divided into four stages: spring shoot growth and development period (from late March to early June), temperature 25: 35 ℃, the most suitable for bergamot growth and development, bud germination and a large number of branches, applying thin cake fertilizer and water once every 7 days (500g cake fertilizer and 20kg water, diluted after ripening) to promote growth and flower bud formation.

During the vigorous growth period (from mid-June to mid-July), during the period of flowering and fruit setting, alum fertilizer was applied every 3-5 days (250g of ferrous sulfate, 2500 g of cake fertilizer, 20kg of water, diluted after ripening). In case of rainy and cloudy days, liquid fertilizer should not be used, an appropriate amount of rotten cake residue can be buried in the basin, which is located in the middle and lower soil near the edge of the basin. In order to promote fruit development and strong branches, 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliar fertilizer was sprayed once every 7-10 days, and urea or other nitrogen fertilizer was not used during this period.

During the fruit growing period (from late July to late September), the compound fertilizer mainly composed of phosphorus and potassium and containing calcium and nitrogen was applied every 10 days to promote the full coloring of the fruit.

During the fruit sinus ripening period (October), in order to make the fruit hang branches for a long time and restore the tree potential, the fruit can be applied in a small number of times and in different directions, which can promote the uniform distribution of fruit branches, short and thick branches and dark green and thick leaves to a certain extent.

IV. Growth and reproduction of bergamot

1. Cutting and planting

Cuttings preparation: 7-8-year-old mother trees should be selected before cutting, old and healthy branches that grow vigorously and free from diseases and insect pests should be cut off, leaves and top shoots should be cut off, cuttings with growth of 17-20 cm should be cut, the survival rate of cutting is more than 90%, and the seedling growth is also very strong. No young tree branches or only long branches shall be used. Because this kind of branches are often not easy to bear fruit. Bergamot

Soil preparation and cutting: it is best to choose the sandy soil with thicker soil in the seedling bed in order to collect seedlings in the future. After the land is selected, deep ploughing and raking is fine, and human and animal dung water is applied to form a high border 1.3 meters wide, with a ditch about 30 centimeters wide and 20 centimeters deep.

The cuttings can be cut from February to March in spring and from August to September in autumn, and the cutting in autumn is the best. Autumn cuttings can grow roots in the same year, and grow rapidly after sprouting in the spring of the following year; when cutting, open a horizontal trench on the border with a distance of 23-27 cm; insert the cuttings into the trench according to the plant spacing of 15-17 cm, and do not cut down. About 12000-15000 cuttings are usually needed per mu. After the insertion, the soil is compacted so that a bud at the front shows the surface of the soil, and the dry soil should be drenched with water.

Seedling management: watering and irrigation at any time after insertion, and building a shed to cover the shade, Rain Water often has to do a good job of drainage. When the seedling is 7-10 cm high, remove the weak seedlings in clusters, leaving only one strong seedling per plant. Weeding in time, topdressing light human and animal dung water or ammonium sulfate for 3-4 times, cultivation for one year can be transplant.

2. Grafting propagation

It takes place in spring and autumn. It is better to use citron or lemon as rootstock. Rootstocks are generally propagated by cutting or sowing. Grafting methods are as follows:

The main results are as follows: (1) grafting method: from August to early September, the rootstock is selected with a stem diameter of 2-3 cm, a well-developed root system and a robust growth of 4-year-old 5-year-old plants, cutting off branches under some branches of the stem base, leaving only one branch. then cut off some of the cortex on one side of the branch, and then select the branches that occurred in spring or autumn last year as scions, similar in thickness to rootstocks, 5-7 cm in length. The lower part of the cortex is also cut off on the lower side of the scion, and then the section of the rootstock is leaned against the section of the scion, so that the two sides are closed and the middle is fastened with plastic film, which can heal after about a week. Then cut off the part of the rootstock above the joint.

(2) ventral grafting: cut the rootstock 5-7 cm above the ground in the early and middle of March, cut it off with a grafting knife, and select the smooth part with wood as the oblique section, with a depth of 1-1.5 cm. The scion should leave 2-3 buds and cut the lower end into a wedge 1-1.5 cm long, then cut one side of the rootstock straight with the scion, closely insert it into the incision of the rootstock, bind it with plastic film, and generally merge and sprout and grow after half a month. At this time, it is necessary to loosen the soil and weed. 45-60 days later, start to shoot, at this time must remove the bandage, otherwise the new shoot is easy to bend.