There are ten major problems in vegetable seedling raising in September, such as no seedling, root burning, root retting. Summary of prevention and control strategies!

September is the suitable time for sowing and raising seedlings of overwintering eggplant fruit vegetables in the greenhouse, in which the sowing time of eggplant and pepper is from late August to early September, and the sowing time of tomato and sweet pepper is mid-September. Raising seedlings has always been a concern for vegetable farmers, which is related to late management and harvest. Let's take a look at the causes and solutions of diseases such as non-emergence of seedlings, burning roots, retting roots and so on.

1. Frostbite vaccine

Cause: the bottom wind is released, there is no buffer room at the entrance and exit, there is no buffer film at the entrance and exit of the plastic greenhouse, the vent is too large or the film surface is pierced. Generally, cold air less than 5 ℃ will cause frost injury.

Countermeasure: set buffer room or hang buffer film at the entrance and exit, cover the film intact and close tightly. If frostbite occurs, immediately spray the seedlings with gibberellin and sugar water or Jiamei gold, and irrigate the roots with bonus to promote growth and development and restore growth.

2. No or very few seedlings emerge

Causes: the seed has lost its germination power, the ground temperature and air temperature are too low or too high, the ventilation and light transmission of the seedling bed is poor, the water content of the bed soil is too high or too low, the amount of fertilizer applied to the bed soil is too much, and the covering soil is too thick.

Countermeasures: do germination test and seed disinfection; pick the soil and check that if the seed is dead, it should be replanted immediately; if there are germs in the bed soil that infect the seedlings, change the bed to speed up the germination and resow; if the seed germination rate is very high when sowing, the soil scraping inspection still has germination potential, the obstacles must be removed by improving environmental conditions.

3. Irregular emergence of seedlings and long interval

The causes are as follows: uneven border temperature, uneven bed surface, different thickness of covered soil, poor seed germination, different maturity, partial moisture during storage, mixed new and old seeds, leakage of seedling bed into Rain Water, local harm of underground pests, uneven mixing of fertilizer in bed soil.

Countermeasures: to create good seedling conditions, the bed surface should be leveled as far as possible, the bed soil should be fine and sterilized; the germination test should be done before sowing to avoid the mixing of new and old seeds; the covering of the seedling bed should be tight, leaving less gaps, and the seeds should be treated by dressing before sowing. Organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer in bed soil should be mixed well.

4. "Top cover" and "hooded" seedlings

The causes are as follows: before sowing, the bottom water is too little, the humidity of the border surface is not enough, the mucus between the seed coat and the seed embryo is absorbed by the border soil and loses its lubrication effect, and the seedling shell extends to the ground; the soil cover is too thin, the pressure is not enough, and the "cap" comes out; the seed is not full, incomplete and damaged, or the storage life is long, and the budding rate is poor, so it is not easy to break the seed coat, so that the "top cover" is unearthed.

Countermeasures: sprinkle some water or wet fine soil with a spray can in the morning; sow seeds with new species or high germination rate as far as possible; pick the seed coat manually.

5. Xiao Lao Miao

The causes are as follows: long seedling age, long low temperature and dry soil.

Countermeasures: seedling age should be appropriate, squatting seedlings should be moderate. When refining seedlings, the low temperature time should not be too long. Squatting seedlings can not be controlled by moisture to prevent seedling aging caused by long-term drought. Squatting seedlings should take the method of temperature control but not water control.

6. Tall seedlings

The causes are as follows: the sowing density is too high and the bed temperature is too high after emergence.

Countermeasure: sparsely sow, cool down and refine the seedlings immediately after finishing the seedlings; the seedlings can be sprayed with 50-100 mg / kg of dwarf.

7. Drug-damaged seedlings

Cause: the dosage is too large, the concentration is too high, the seedling bed is too dry.

Countermeasures: strictly control the dosage and concentration, and apply evenly. The seedbed for medicine should be watered with more bottom water before sowing to keep the soil moist. If you find the drug damage, you should spray water in time, dilute the concentration of the agent, spray Jiameijin point or green protection, or divide the seedlings in advance to let the vegetable seedlings leave the original seedbed to alleviate the drug damage.

8. Wilted seedlings

Cause: after a continuous cloudy day suddenly cleared up, all the lids were removed.

Countermeasure: after the weather suddenly clears up, do not uncover all the covers and expose them to the sun, but at intervals. If wilting seedlings are found soon after uncovering, cover them immediately and wait for the seedlings to return to normal. Never water it.

9. Rooting seedlings

Causes: too much fertilizer in the seedbed and too much concentration of soil solution. Generally, the root will burn when the concentration of soil solution exceeds 0.5%.

Countermeasures: the amount of fertilizer applied to the seedbed should be appropriate. When applying mature organic fertilizer, the concentration of topdressing must be controlled. When root burning occurs, it can be properly watered to reduce the concentration of soil solution and appropriately increase the temperature of the seedbed.

10. Retting roots and seedlings

Cause: the soil moisture of the seedbed is often in a state of saturation, excessive humidity and lack of air.

Countermeasures: control the amount of water pouring in the seedbed and prevent flood irrigation. Once root retting occurs, it should be ventilated and dehumidified in time; increase evaporation; sprinkle dry soil to absorb moisture; ploughing and loosening soil frequently to increase permeability.