What are the cultivation techniques of "seasoning" pepper? What's the difference between Chinese pepper and pepper?

Pepper is our common seasoning, which can be enhanced by adding pepper to many dishes. Pepper is mainly grown in the tropics, generally planted in Yunnan, Guangxi, Taiwan, Hainan and other regions of China, and more common in Southeast Asia. So what are the cultivation techniques of pepper? What's the difference between pepper and pepper?

1. Cultivation techniques of Pepper

1. Selection and planning of pepper garden

Pepper is afraid of stagnant water, so you should choose gentle sloping land, flat land with good drainage and well-permeable soil to plant. Pepper garden area should not be too large, generally 3-5 mu is appropriate. Pepper garden had better be rectangular, east-west direction, around to build shelterbelt or retain the original forest belt. The pepper garden should have a drainage system to remove stagnant water. The pepper garden is 2 meters away from the shelterbelt and 2.5 meters from the pepper, digging a large ditch with a width of about 100 cm and a depth of 80 cm. A longitudinal ditch is set up every 15 trees in the garden, 60 cm wide and 50 cm deep. Small ditches are set up between rows to facilitate drainage and reduce water damage and diseases.

2. Colonization

1. Planting density and period. Generally, the row spacing is 2 × 2.5 meters. 2 × 3 meters can be used for fertile soil and 2 × 2 meters for thin barren land. It is more suitable to plant in spring and autumn. Colonization should be carried out on cloudy and sunny afternoons. It is not suitable to plant when the soil moisture is too high.

two。 The method of planting. The direction of planting should be consistent with the trend of terraces. When planting, the distance from the column is 20cm, the depth of the hole is 30cm, the slope is 50 °slope, and compacted. When planting single seedlings, the seedlings are placed opposite the column; when planting double seedlings, the seedlings are placed in the shape of "eight characters" facing the column. The upper end of each seedling shows 1-2 sections of the soil, and the root system of the seedling is close to the slope, evenly distributed and stretched naturally, then the cover soil is pressed, 5 kg of rotten machine fertilizer is applied on both sides of the seedling, and then returned to the soil to make a mound shaped like a pot bottom in the middle. Cover grass, shade and sprinkle enough fixed root water. The shade degree is 80%% Mui 90%. Water can be drenched once 1-2 days after planting, and it can be reduced gradually after survival. Keep shade for a year after planting. Don't let the sun damage the pepper head and cause the seedlings to die.

3. Fertilization management

The main results are as follows: (1) the fertilization of young pepper should be based on water and fertilizer with more nitrogen, combined with organic fertilizer and a small amount of chemical fertilizer. For the first time, the fat hole is on the side of the pepper head, and the inner wall of the hole is 60 cm away from the pepper head, so that the fat hole is connected with the planting hole. The fat hole is 30 cm wide, 80-100 cm long and 70 cm deep. When fertilizing, choose to return the topsoil to half, then fertilize, mix the topsoil and fertilizer well, press it tightly when returning to the soil, and slightly higher than the ground to prevent the fertilizer hole from accumulating water. Hole expansion and soil improvement should be completed before the top of the plant is sealed and flowered.

(2) during the normal growth period, water and fertilizer were applied every 20-30 days. Water and fertilizer is made from human and animal feces and urine and green leaves. Apply 2-3 kg of one-year-old pepper to each plant. If the concentration of water and fertilizer is low, 0.2 kg of compound fertilizer can be added per load. Water and fertilizer are generally applied in alternate ditches on the front and sides of the plant.

(3) fertilization for fruiting trees: it should be carried out according to the nutrient demand of each phenological phase of pepper flowering and fruiting. Generally, fertilizers are applied 4-5 times per fruit cycle.

4. Integer pruning

In the main pepper planting areas in China, the plastic method of retaining 6-8 vines and cutting vines 4-5 times is generally adopted, and the top is put into production 2-3 years after planting, and the yield is higher.

When small peppers grow new vines, the extra buds and vines should be removed in time. Results when the top crown of pepper is too large and the branches are too dense, the old and weak branches and overlong branches must be cut off, and the outer long branches must be cut short, so as to keep the crown balanced, consistent in size, ventilated and transparent, so as to make full use of light energy and reduce the occurrence of diseases.

5. Bind vines and pick flowers

Small pepper binding vine in time, can make the air root developed and firmly attached to the pillar, when the new vine grows 3-4 nodes, tie the vine every 10-15 days. Pepper can blossom and bear fruit all year round. Small peppers must pick flowers in order for the plants to grow normally.

Second, what is the difference between pepper and pepper?

Zanthoxylum bungeanum and pepper are not only seasonings often used in our daily life, but also have relatively high medicinal value. Although his mother belongs to the same kind of drugs that warm the middle and dissipate cold, both of them can be used to treat epigastric cold pain, deficiency cold diarrhea and other diseases caused by deficiency of spleen and stomach, but their efficacy and effects are also obviously different.

Pepper

Pepper is also known as Guyue, Heichuan and Shirakawa. According to traditional Chinese medicine, pepper hot taste pungent, into the stomach, intestinal meridians, in addition to warm in the cold effect, but also appetizer, digestion, antidiarrheal, detoxification effect, a small amount of food can increase appetite.

Sichuan Pepper

Zanthoxylum bungeanum is also known as Sichuan pepper, Sichuan pepper, pepper, pepper. According to traditional Chinese medicine, Zanthoxylum bungeanum has the functions of warming and dispelling cold, removing dampness and relieving pain, deworming and strengthening stomach, diuresis and detumescence, strong tooth hair, fish fishy poison and so on. Pepper is more spicy than pepper, in addition to the effect of dispelling cold in temperature, it also has the effect of killing insects and relieving pain and itching.