Popular science of agricultural technology: how to control false smut of rice? How to use medicine during the growth period?

Rice false smut is a fungal disease caused by infection of Sclerotinia oryzae. Rice false smut is also called rice smut. Commonly known as rice "Wumi". So how to control false smut of rice? How to use medicine during the growth period?

I. the transmission route of rice false smut

The pathogen overwinters with sclerotia falling into the soil or spore attached to the seeds. Chlamydospores produced after sclerotia germination in the coming year (chlamydospores: asexual spores that can be formed by all kinds of fungi, produced by fracture, thick wall, long life, and can resist adverse external environment. ), microspores and ascospores are produced from chlamydospores for primary infection.

Second, how to control false smut of rice? How to use medicine during the growth period?

1. Selection of disease-resistant varieties: different rice varieties have different resistance to false smut, and the varieties with strong resistance are selected according to the situation of different places.

two。 Seed disinfection: false smut of rice can be transmitted through seeds. Disinfected rice seeds should be avoided as far as possible. Soak the seeds with 500x strong chlorine semen for 10-12 hours, or mix the seeds with 15% vermicellin wettable powder 300g-400g per 100kg before sowing.

3. Strengthen the management of water and fertilizer in the field to promote healthy growth. During the growth period of rice, rational fertilization should be applied, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be increased to promote steady growth and enhance resistance; especially, nitrogen fertilizer should be applied cautiously to avoid excessive and late application of nitrogen fertilizer, so as not to blame late ripening and cause diseases. In order to popularize the thin dew irrigation technology, pay attention to the field water pipe in the late booting stage, do not flood and flood for a long time, and should be irrigated frequently in shallow water to avoid excessive humidity in the field, which is beneficial to the germination and invasion of bacterial spores.

4. Chemical control: use drugs at the end of booting.

① was sprayed with 10g / mu or Haolichi EC10ml with 60 jin of water 2-3 days before the break. Spray again at the break and heading 1 stroke 3-1 / 2.

5-7 days before ② break, spray 100g of 20% triadimefon EC 100ml or 25% triadimefon (triadimefon) wettable powder 100g + 40% carbendazim suspension 100ml or 50% carbendazim wettable powder 100g with water 60 jin spray. Spray again at the break and heading 1 stroke 3-1 / 2.

The occurrence of rice false smut is closely related to climate, fertilization level and variety resistance. In the cultivation of rice, flooding, series irrigation and flooding irrigation are also an important factor leading to the epidemic of rice false smut. In the process of fertilization, the application of too much nitrogen fertilizer or too late, and the cultivation of late-maturing varieties or transplanting seedlings too late, these are the favorable factors for the occurrence of rice false smut. Rice growers should fertilize reasonably and irrigate paddy fields reasonably during rice growth to avoid the occurrence of rice false smut.

It is noted that the yield loss caused by false smut not only affects the grain itself, but also affects the nutrient transport of neighboring grains, resulting in a decline in grain quality. Therefore, the prevention and control of rice false smut must be timely.