How to cultivate and manage Lentinus edodes (mushroom) in winter? What are the technical points? How to harvest and grade?

Lentinus edodes is one of the many mushrooms we eat in our lives. It tastes delicious and delicious. Whether it is baked or stir-fried stew, it can be used to enhance flavor and freshness. Lentinus edodes is also known as mushroom, incense, vertebral antler, Zizania latifolia, thick mushroom, flower mushroom and so on, so how to cultivate and manage Lentinus edodes in winter? What are the technical points? How to harvest and grade Lentinus edodes?

How to cultivate and manage Lentinus edodes in winter? What are the technical points?

The main results are as follows: 1. If the scientific inoculation hole is deep, there are more bacteria, which is beneficial to enhance the drought resistance of Lentinus edodes mycelium. The mycelium of Lentinus edodes can germinate rapidly and improve the survival rate under the condition of constant temperature and humidity.

2. The yield of mushroom pieces can be doubled by hot water soaking block. The specific method is as follows:

1) fully change the color of the bacteria-producing block or tube to dry, and choose a pollution-free and complete block or tube for treatment.

2) soaking pieces with warm hot water is a good method to promote buds of Lentinus edodes in winter. When soaking the pieces, generally boil the water to 33 ℃, add 0.3% Mill 0.5% Yifu source mushroom ecological treasure, and then pour the shiitake mushroom pieces or mushroom canister into the pool and soak for 3 hours for 5 hours. If the water temperature decreases, hot water can be added and the water temperature can be adjusted to 18 ℃ ~ 33 ℃. Remove the soaked piece, put it on the mushroom field, cover it with plastic film to maintain its temperature until the bud appears on the block, and then ventilate it. During the period of mushroom emergence, if the air temperature is low, 18 ℃ ~ 33 ℃ mushroom nutrient diluent can be directly sprayed on the block, and then covered with plastic film to increase the temperature of the environment inside the film.

3) the soaked mushrooms should be kept warm after being covered with film, and the mushroom buds can arch out the mushrooms very quickly. At this time, the ventilation will be strengthened and the relative humidity of the air will be increased. The first crop of mushrooms can be harvested in 10-17 days. After picking, remove the film and let Lentinus edodes dry for 7 to 15 days, then soak in hot water for a second time.

4) after picking the second crop of mushrooms, Lentinus edodes should be supplemented with certain nutrients.

3. It takes about a week for the mushroom tube to protect the fruiting body of fragrant mushroom. The management of this period should be achieved: controlling the room temperature about 15 ℃, keeping the relative humidity of the air about 90%, and alternating dry and wet cold and heat stimulation. After picking a batch of mushrooms, uncover the film and ventilate for 8 hours for 10 hours, let the surface of the tube dry a little, and spray water on a sunny day. Cover the film strictly in the daytime to rejuvenate the hyphae, uncover the film and ventilate for 1 hour after 12:00 at night, let the low temperature stimulate the mycelium and promote the occurrence of mushroom buds for 3-4 days in a row.

How to harvest and grade Lentinus edodes?

1. Harvest

Generally, when the mushroom cover is expanded by 70-80%, the edge of the mushroom cover is still curled, and the inner bacterial membrane under the fold is not long before it is harvested. At this time, the mushroom shape, quality and flavor are better. If the mushroom cover is not harvested until 90% of the cover is unfolded, the mushroom cover will still be unfolded, affecting the grade of Lentinus edodes, because the post-ripening of Lentinus edodes after harvest is more obvious. If the mushroom cover is fully unfolded, the edge of the mushroom lid appears to roll upward after baking, forming thin mushrooms, the mushroom stalk fiber increases, and the mushroom quality is poor.

2. Grading

Once the mycelium forms the fruiting body, it can grow and develop even at higher or lower temperature, but the quality is different. For example, at a higher temperature of more than 20 ℃, Lentinus edodes grows fast, but the meat is thin, the cap is easy to open, the stalk is long, and the quality is poor, which is commonly known as "Xiangxin".

Lentinus edodes grows slowly when the temperature is low, but the meat is thick, the lid is difficult to open, the stalk is short, and the quality is good, especially below 12 ℃, Lentinus edodes grows slowly and generally forms "winter mushroom" with short stalk and thick meat.

At the initial stage of the formation of the fruiting body, if it is attacked by dry weather or frost, it generally will not continue to grow or even die, but the fruiting body will grow to more than about 2cm, and then encounter the above-mentioned environmental conditions, the surface of the cap will crack into patterns, so the quality of Lentinus edodes is the best, called "flower mushroom".

Low temperature or variable temperature plays a good stimulating role in the formation of fruiting body, such as about 0 ℃ low temperature before mushroom emergence (better snow), and then turn warm, or the weather is hot and cold, with 15 ℃ as the center, the daily temperature varies between 5-20 ℃, or the daytime temperature is higher (20 ℃) and the night temperature is lower (10 ℃). Under such temperature conditions, high quality flower mushrooms or winter mushrooms will be formed.

From the point of view of production, the best temperature is 15-18 ℃, or 20 ℃ during the day and 10 ℃ at night, which has the advantages of fast growth, high yield and good quality.