What kind of fruit tree is suitable for potted plants? How to plant and manage potted fruit trees?

Fruit trees are dwarfed as pot culture has been favored by many people, not only beautiful, but also edible fruit. So, what kind of fruit tree is suitable for potted plants? How to plant and manage potted fruit trees?

What kind of fruit trees are suitable for potted plants?

There are several kinds of trees commonly used in potted plants:

(1) Grape: select disease-resistant varieties Jufeng, Red Fuji and so on. Cultivate cuttings.

(2) Peach; select varieties with strong resistance, many fruits and beautiful fruit shape, such as Zaoxiang jade, sand Zaosheng, Cangfang Zaosheng, Shouxing peach, red flat peach and so on. Cultivate strong seedlings with many fine roots and plant them in the dormant period.

(3) Apple: dwarfing trees with dwarfing rootstocks or dwarfing interstocks, or using short-branch varieties, using summer pruning measures to control growth and artistic shaping in the growing season, to control the tree within a certain range, so that it can bear fruit year after year and form flower buds of the next year. The varieties with middle and late maturity, red, high fruit setting rate and easy flower formation are selected. The more suitable varieties are Jin Shuai, Hongyu, Red Chicken Crown, Qin Guan, Hua Shuai, Rose Red, New Red Star, Red Fuji and so on.

(4) pomegranate: flower pomegranate is chosen when flower appreciation is the main choice, and fruit pomegranate can be selected when watching flowers and eating fruit. The cuttage method was used to cultivate seedlings.

(5) Citrus: choose four seasons orange, sweet orange, Wenzhou mandarin, bergamot and so on. It is required that the seedlings are strong, short, full of branches and beautiful in shape. But the northern region has to move indoors or greenhouses in winter.

(6) figs: red figs, yellow figs, early or late ripening figs are available. The seedlings were raised by cutting and planted after defoliation in autumn.

(7) Ginkgo biloba: the rootstock seedlings were raised by sowing method, and then the superior varieties were grafted, and then potted. In addition to the above tree species, pears, Hawthorns, plums and strawberries can also be potted, but they are not as popular as the above tree species.

Second, what are the planting techniques of potted fruit trees?

1. Selection of containers

The container of potted fruit trees is not only required to meet the growth of fruit trees, but also beautiful, firm and cheap. If the tree has a large crown and many fruits, you should choose a large container; if the tree is smaller, you can choose a small container. There should be drainage holes at the bottom of all kinds of containers so that the excess water can be discharged in time to prevent stagnant water from rotting the roots.

2. Preparation of basin soil

In general, the field soil is difficult to meet the requirements of the basin soil, so it is necessary to allocate the basin soil reasonably. The commonly used formula of basin soil is as follows: 1 part of ① garden soil, 1 part of mature organic fertilizer, 0.5-0.8 part of river sand, 0.2-0.5 part of plant ash, 2 part of ② garden soil, 1 part of mature organic fertilizer, 1 part of ③ garden soil, 1 part of mature sawdust (or slag). After the potted soil is mixed, it is finely crushed, put in a transparent plastic bag and sterilized in the sun for a week, and often turned over.

3. Planting of fruit seedlings

1~2cm thick crushed slag, gravel or sand are first placed at the bottom of the basin to facilitate drainage and ventilation. Then add a small amount of potted soil, put the seedlings in the middle of the basin, so that the root system stretches around, try not to bend the root. Slowly add the basin soil, constantly lift the root, cover the soil to the root neck, and gently compact the soil with your hand, so that the soil is closely connected with the root, so that the surface of the basin soil is smooth and watered.

4. Apply a small amount of fertilizer several times

The root system of potted fruit trees is short, the root density per unit soil is high, and the demand for fertilizer is large, so it is necessary to apply a small amount of fertilizer many times, and apply solid fertilizer into liquid fertilizer to prevent improper root burning. In order to make the potted soil fertile, suitable barnyard manure and manure were added to the potted soil before pot planting to ensure the supply of fruit trees for a long time. Topdressing cake fertilizer, poultry manure, plant ash leaching solution, can also be diluted with chemical fertilizer and water after watering. Extra-root fertilizer dressing should be carried out in the evening.

5. Timely watering and drainage

The surface soil in the basin needs watering as soon as it turns white. Tap the side of the basin, the sound is clear, indicating that the soil is dry and needs watering. Watering should be thorough, and it is appropriate to have water seeping from the drainage hole at the bottom of the basin, but too much watering can easily lead to nutrient loss. It is best to use drip irrigation or micro-drip irrigation when conditions permit. If the soil is too wet, it is easy to cause rotten roots and needs drainage. Especially the fruit trees with oxygen-loving roots should pay more attention to drainage when the soil is too wet and not dry.

6. Change the basin soil

With the continuous growth of potted fruit trees, the crown volume increases and the root group increases, the original pot soil structure becomes worse and the nutrition is insufficient, so it is necessary to change the soil or change the big pot. Combined with soil change or basin change, root system thinning, pruning and rejuvenation were carried out. In general, potted fruit trees change pots every 2 to 4 years, and the pots should be changed at the end of the dormant period, before they begin to grow in spring, or in early autumn.

7. Pruning

According to the growth and fruit habits and ornamental requirements of fruit trees, potted fruit trees are commonly used in single stem shape, fan shape, cluster shape, happy shape or hanging branch shape. Through pruning, the growth of the tree can be reduced, the crown can be controlled, the plant can be dwarfed, and the purpose of early fruiting and high yield can be achieved. Winter and summer pruning methods for field fruit trees can be used as appropriate.

8. Pollination and protection

Potted fruit trees should be well pollinated and placed close to each other during flowering to facilitate pollination. Exotic pollen can also be collected for artificial pollination or pollinated branches can be grafted on a single variety of fruit trees, one plant with two or more varieties.

Note: the root system of potted fruit trees freezes with the basin soil in cold winter, which is easy to suffer frost injury and even die. Water should be watered once before overwintering protection. When potted for a long time, it is necessary to bury the soil for the winter. That is, before the frost before and after the defoliation of fruit trees, trenches are opened to bury the basin into rows of soil, and the basin is filled with grass or fallen leaves along the mouth to facilitate the ventilation of the basin soil. When the potted plant is less, the pot wall can be wrapped around with grass or straw bags, and then covered with thin film to survive the winter.