What are the planting methods of "meat in vegetarian" fungus? What are the storage conditions and modes of storage and transportation?

Fungus is the food we eat more, it can be cold salad can also be used in a variety of ways to cook, has a lot of effects on the human body. Auricularia auricula in China is mainly artificially cultivated, and there are also a small number of wild fungus. Artificial cultivation of agaric requires growers to be familiar with each cultivation process, so what are the planting methods of Auricularia auricula? How many kinds of storage conditions and ways of storage and transportation of Auricularia auricula?

1. Planting methods of Auricularia auricula

1. Seed production

There are sawdust bacteria and branch bacteria, the former is made of sawdust and wheat bran into culture medium, the latter is cut into 1.5cm with branches of diameter 1cm, sucrose, rice bran and other nutrients are added, sterilized under high pressure after bottling, and inserted into the mother strain, the hyphae can grow full after being cultured at 25-28 ℃ for one month.

2. Cultivation site selection.

The site for cultivating Auricularia auricula should choose leeward to the sun below 1000 meters above sea level, with long light time, less shade, relatively warm, small temperature difference between day and night, high humidity, and rich ear tree resources, which is better near the water source.

After the site is selected, it is necessary to clean up the weeds, dead branches and leaves, open the drainage ditch, and sprinkle lime and spray dichlorvos on the ground to sterilize and kill insects.

3. Earwood preparation

There are many kinds of ear trees that cultivate Auricularia auricula, and any tree species that can cultivate Lentinus edodes can be used to cultivate Auricularia auricula. Fagaceae, Betulaceae and other tree species are mainly selected, such as Quercus variabilis, Quercus variabilis, Quercus Quercus, Castanopsis carlesii, Fahrenheit oak, etc.; in addition, maple poplar, maple incense, elm, locust, willow, mulberry, Platycladus orientalis, banyan and other tree species are also commonly used in producing areas. The period of tree felling is from after the trees go dormant to before the new buds sprout. The age of the tree should be 8 ~ 10 years old. It is better to have a tree diameter of 10 cm to 14 cm. Cut down the tree and go to the top. Shaving branches, according to a section of wood truncated into 1-1.2 m. Put the sawed wood in a high, dry, ventilated and sunny place to ferment it as soon as possible. Turn it every 10 days or so to make the wood dry evenly. General frame insolation for 30 days, the section of wood has 70%, 80% dry, can be inoculated. If the section is infected with miscellaneous bacteria and pests, it can be smoked with thatch or branches before inoculation until the epidermis blackens, which can not only remove diseases and insects, but also enhance the heat and water absorption of bark, which is beneficial to the growth of Auricularia auricula hyphae.

4. Inoculation

The inoculation time is generally stable at more than 15 ℃, which is beneficial to the mycelium growth of Auricularia auricula. The specific time varies according to different climatic conditions, and the southern provinces are about March to April. Proper early inoculation is beneficial to early bacteria, early ear emergence, and early inoculation with low temperature, which can reduce the infection of miscellaneous bacteria and pests. Before inoculation, clean the surface of the wood, and then put it in the sun for 2-3 hours and then set aside. If the wedge-shaped wood block strain is used, it is necessary to use an inoculation axe or woodworking chisel to cut into a 45 °angle 2 cm deep inoculation mouth on the section of wood, and then hammer the wedge-shaped wood block strain into the inoculation mouth with a small hammer, hammer tight and hammer flat.

5. Planting management

After inoculation, in order to maintain high temperature, humidity and enough air, to promote early bacteria in earwood, early colonization, and improve the survival rate, the earwood must be piled up. The method is that the inoculated earwood is arranged into a "well" shaped frame, layered and stacked into a small pile one meter high, and the dry and wet thermometers are hung in the heap. The surrounding is tightly covered with thin film, the stack temperature is controlled between 22-28 ℃, the air relative humidity is kept at about 80%, and a gap of 5-6 cm is left between the earwood to facilitate good ventilation. If the earwood is dry, it can be adjusted by spraying water properly, and then covered with plastic film after the bark is slightly dry. When the temperature is high, uncover the film for ventilation at noon every 3-5 days, combined with water spray to cool down. Generally, after 3-4 weeks of stacking, the mycelium of Auricularia auricula has grown into the auricularia auricula, which can be stacked and put on display.

6. Show off in bulk

The relief is the continuation of the pile, the purpose is to make the hyphae spread to the depths of otwood, and make it quickly change from the growth stage to the development stage. The venue of the ostentation is required to be sunny and humid, and properly sheltered. During the ostentation, the earwood will be laid one by one on the ground with short grass. Ostentation stage, every 10 days or so to turn the earwood, well spray water to adjust humidity, after more than a month, a large number of ear buds can be off the shelf.

II. Storage conditions and storage and transportation modes of Auricularia auricula

The suitable storage temperature of Auricularia auricula is 0 ℃ and the relative humidity is above 95%. Because it is a colloidal edible fungus, soft texture, easy to stick into a stiff block, need timely ventilation to avoid mildew.

It is difficult to store Auricularia auricula, even under suitable temperature and humidity conditions, it can only be stored for 3 weeks, so it is not suitable for long-term storage, only for short-term transportation. It needs to be packed in baskets, boxes or plastic bags. Now the auricularia auricula is picked and dried in the sun, which can greatly improve the storage time.