(tomato) what's wrong with bad tomatoes? How to prevent and cure it? What are the high-yielding planting methods?

Tomatoes are our common fruits and vegetables, also called tomatoes and persimmons. Its sweet and sour taste is loved by many people. With the increase of its market demand, its planting area is increasing year by year. Many people will inevitably encounter a lot of problems when planting, among which many growers are deeply endangered by tomato railings. So what's wrong with bad tomatoes? How to prevent and cure it? What are the high-yielding planting methods?

First, what is the problem of tomato rotten pole? How to prevent and cure it?

Reason 1: improper watering and high soil moisture

Although tomatoes need a lot of water when growing, but each watering should not be too much, just keep the soil moist, too much watering leads to stagnant water, resulting in low ground temperature and poor soil permeability, resulting in rotten roots and railings.

Prevention and control methods: choose loose and well-drained soil when planting, and the water requirements for tomatoes are different in each growth period, so watering scientifically, watering frequently, but not too much each time. If the watering is too much or the soil moisture is high, the illumination time of tomatoes can be increased and the excess water can be evaporated by leaf transpiration.

Reason 2: low temperature

The best temperature for tomato growth is 20-30 degrees, when the temperature is below 13 degrees, its growth will slow down, and if it is below 13 degrees for a long time, its growth and development will be poor, below 6 degrees, and the plants will be damaged by freezing, resulting in railing phenomenon.

Prevention and control methods: this phenomenon mainly occurs in the cold areas of the north and rarely in the south. If the temperature is too low, you can use the greenhouse technology to keep warm and keep the temperature above 15 degrees.

Reason 3: large temperature difference between day and night

The suitable temperature for tomato growth is between 25-28 degrees during the day and 16-20 degrees at night. When the temperature difference between day and night is large, it will damage the roots and cause the plant to wither the railing.

Control methods: this situation mainly occurs in the southern region in late spring and early summer, when the temperature is high during the day and low at night, which can easily lead to plant problems. If the temperature is too high during the day, it can be used for sunshade, and at night, it can be artificially heated or planted in the greenhouse.

Cause 4: disease

There is no disinfection of seeds and soil before planting, or long-term stubble, resulting in the proliferation of bacteria in the soil, these bacteria are easy to lead to tomato bacterial wilt, Fusarium wilt and other diseases, these diseases will lead to plant railings.

Prevention and treatment methods: disinfect the seeds and soil before planting, remove and burn the diseased plants in time, and sprinkle quicklime or plant ash on the soil to disinfect and sterilize, and apply chemicals for treatment.

Second, what are the high-yield planting methods of tomatoes?

1. Select improved varieties

A good variety is the basis of high yield. at present, there are a wide variety of tomatoes on the market, and there are many varieties, but you will find that different varieties of tomatoes have different tastes, some taste much better, and some look good. There are a variety of problems, such as poor taste, because different varieties have different effects in different areas. Therefore, we generally select seeds according to the specific conditions of the location. for example, in Hunan, we can choose varieties with strong drought resistance and disease resistance.

2. Sowing seeds at the right time

Sowing at the right time is also an important condition for high yield. because there are many varieties of tomatoes and there are some differences in climate in different parts of our country, the planting time of different varieties and different regions is different. for example, in the northeast and northwest of China, tomatoes can be planted for two seasons, and they can be sown in March and June every year. In North China, sowing begins in January and February every year, but tomatoes are basically planted in March and August every year, so you can see which region of our country you are in. Then sow seeds according to the scientific time.

3. Reasonable density

Basically, the yields of crops, fruits and medicinal materials are more or less related to the planting density, so tomatoes are the same. we have to carry out density management according to the variety selected and the fertility of the planting land. under normal circumstances, one mu of land can generally plant about 500 to 600 plants, but when the seeds are suddenly barren, we can increase the number of plants appropriately. On the other hand, the quantity is reduced under the condition of abundant soil fertility. The distance between each row is generally between 40 to 50 centimeters, and the distance between each plant is about 30 to 40 centimeters, so that the chicken facilitates later field management, and at the same time, tomato plants also have some room to stretch to facilitate photosynthesis.

4. Scientific fertilization

In addition to the base fertilizer, tomatoes need to be fertilized many times throughout the growing period. the first time is after planting. This fertilization can be carried out by using urea to promote seedlings, and when the tomato blossoms, we have to apply the second fertilizer. This time we can use potash and phosphate fertilizer, which can have an effect of promoting flowering and fruit protection. The third fertilization is, of course, when the tomato fruit expands after setting fruit. At this time, we can be divided into multiple fertilizers, because tomatoes can be harvested in batches, so we can spray a little foliar fertilizer after each harvest, which can achieve the effect of strong fruit and promote fruit ripening.

5. Pruning and pruning

Tomatoes grow a lot of side branches in the process of growth, and many people will think that more side branches means a higher rate of fruit. in fact, this is not the case. if there are too many side branches, the more nutrients they consume, although there are a lot of tomatoes, in the end, there are basically few high-quality tomatoes, so we usually prune all the extra branches and leaves, and then keep only the trunk and part of the side branches. Then the denser leaves will be removed in the fruiting place, so that the plant can better absorb nutrients and photosynthesis, at the same time, the field permeability is also better, which can also prevent a lot of diseases.

What is the nutritional value of tomatoes?

Tomatoes are rich in carotene, vitamin C and B vitamins, which are called the fruit of magical dishes. Tomatoes contain "lycopene", which can inhibit bacteria; the malic acid, citric acid and sugars in tomatoes help digestion. Tomatoes are rich in provitamin A, which is converted into vitamin An in the human body, which can promote bone growth and has a good effect on the prevention and treatment of rickets, xerophthalmia, night blindness and some skin diseases.

Tomatoes are rich in vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, carotene and calcium, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper and iodine, as well as proteins, sugars, organic acids and cellulose. According to the research and determination of nutritionists: 50-100 grams of fresh tomatoes per person per day can meet the needs of the human body for several vitamins and minerals.