How can peanut cultivation be managed to produce high yields? What chemicals are better for chemical control?

Peanut is an important oil crop in China, which is an annual herb. With the reduction of the purchase price of corn in recent years, the planting area of peanuts has been expanding in recent years. So how to manage peanut planting in order to achieve high yield? What kind of medicine is better for chemical control?

1. High-yield management techniques of peanut

1. Soil treatment: before planting, the crops should be ploughed deeply with pears at a depth of 30-35 cm, instead of simple rotary ploughing with a rotary tiller, which is only about 15 cm. Before the cultivated land, the plant Challenge King compound microbial fertilizer is applied about 40 kg.

2. Seed treatment: peanut seeds should be dried on the ground for 1-2 days before planting (not on cement ground), improve the quality of germ, mix seeds with seed dressing agent before sowing, improve seedling emergence rate and uniformity rate, and lay the foundation for high yield.

3. The choice of fertilizer: when sowing fertilizer, the formula of medium nitrogen, high phosphorus and high potassium should be selected, and chlorine-based and sulfur-based fertilizers should be selected according to soil conditions.

4. Sowing requirements: when sowing, the depth of big peanut is 5 cm, the daily average ground temperature is more than 14 ℃, and the small peanut is more than 12 ℃. When sowing, the soil relative water content should be 70%-75%, that is, the soil in the plough layer can be clustered by hands, the hands are rubbed loosely, and the soil moisture is insufficient, so it is necessary to sow soil moisture in time to keep the seedlings intact and strong.

5. seedling management: break the membrane in time, release, check and replenish the seedlings, and use the high-yield package of half a jin peanut for the first time after emergence, so as to improve the quality of seedlings and promote the growth of leaves and roots.

6. Mid-term management: during the flowering and podding period, ridges should be supported, watering should be combined with soil moisture, and combined with the prevention and control of sheath blight and leaf spot, the high-yield package of half a jin peanut should be sprayed for the second time to control the prosperous growth, promote needling, prevent diseases and so on.

7. Pre-harvest management: during the full fruit period, the high-yield package of half a jin of peanuts should be carried out for the third time to reduce the phenomenon of shrunken grains, increase the yield, and timely watering and drainage according to soil moisture.

8. Harvest requirements: the main stem of the plant has 3 to 4 compound leaves, and the pod shell of more than 70% of the ground can be harvested when the pod shell is hardened, the reticulation is clear, and the inner wall of the shell is bluish brown. Dry the pod in time after harvest and reduce the pod water content to less than 8% within 1 week. During harvest, attention should be paid to the recovery of residual film to achieve clean land and clean film, so as to prevent the pollution of residual film to soil, environment and forage grass.

Second, what chemicals are used for flower biochemical control?

Flower biochemical control has always been a concern of many growers. Reasonable chemical control can not only enhance the lodging resistance of peanuts but also increase the yield of peanuts. Paclobutrazol and clenbuterol are the most commonly used chemical control agents. I think paclobutrazol is more effective, but dwarf is safer.

1. Dwarf Zhuang Su

First of all, let's take a look at Dwarf Zhuangsu.

To put it simply, dwarftin is a kind of plant growth regulator, which can regulate plant growth, and it belongs to low toxic plant growth regulator, which does less harm to the environment and peanut itself. By delaying cell growth and dwarfing plants, Dwarf can thicken the stems of plants, promote the horizontal development of plants, and inhibit the upward growth of plants.

Increasing the content of chlorophyll in plant leaves makes the color of plant leaves more greenish. Increase the lodging resistance of the plant and stimulate the reproductive growth of the plant, that is, the growth of flowers and fruits. It can also improve the resistance of plants, such as drought resistance, waterlogging resistance, disease resistance and so on. In addition, dwarftin can be degraded by enzymes in the soil, so the pollution to the environment is very low, and the impact on the next crop is very small.

In addition, Dwarf is soluble with water, so the Dwarf we buy is generally a water agent. There are also many ways to use dwarftin, which can be sprayed, seed soaking and flushing.

Seeing so many advantages of Dwarf, don't you think it's good to choose Dwarf? Of course, Dwarf is not perfect. In the process of chemical control of peanut, dwarf plays an important role in inhibiting cell growth, but it has no effect on cell division, so although it is less harmful to the plant, it also has some effects. The effect of paclobutrazol will be more obvious under the same conditions.

2. Paclobutrazol

Paclobutrazol belongs to triazole plant growth regulators. As a chemical control agent, paclobutrazol can also inhibit plant growth, shorten nodules, promote peanut mosaic differentiation, and increase peanut stress resistance. Reduce the overgrowth of peanuts, increase lodging resistance and increase peanut yield. What we buy for paclobutrazol is usually a suspending agent because it is not soluble in water. And the method of paclobutrazol is not as diverse as that of dwarf, and we generally use the method of spraying.

The obvious difference between paclobutrazol and dwarftin is that paclobutrazol can reduce the division of peanut cells, while the above-mentioned dwarf can only inhibit cell elongation. In this way, the effect of paclobutrazol is obviously more violent. And paclobutrazol is more bactericidal, so it is more suitable for peanuts.

However, the disadvantage of paclobutrazol is that although its effect is more obvious, it is easy to cause drug damage to peanuts, and poor quantity control can easily affect the growth of the next crop.

Therefore, both have their own advantages and disadvantages, but also need growers to make reasonable choices according to their own peanut situation, if they want to have a more obvious effect, there is paclobutrazol, and if they want to be safe, use paclobutrazol. Another point is that the flower biochemical control time must be mastered, generally in the peanut fruit needle into the soil period is the most suitable.