When do onions usually be planted and harvested? How can we produce high yields? (with cultivation and management techniques)

Onion is one of the common vegetables, also known as ball onion, onion, jade onion, onion, Dutch onion, which is planted all over our country, especially in Fujian, Shandong, Gansu, Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang and other places. Onion in the mouth of the elderly can be regarded as a health dish, regular consumption can lower blood pressure, clear eyes, prevent osteoporosis and so on. The popularity of onion planting has not decreased in recent years, so when do onions usually be planted and harvested? How can we produce high yields? What are the specific cultivation and management techniques?

When do onions usually be planted and harvested?

The planting time was different in different varieties and regions. Most varieties were sown and raised seedlings in the open field in early September, and the suitable planting period was from mid-late October to early November.

The harvest is usually from the end of May to the first ten days of June. When the onion leaves gradually turn yellow from the bottom up, the pseudostem becomes soft and begins to fall; the bulb stops expanding, the outer skin is leathery, and enters the dormant stage, indicating that the bulb has matured and should be harvested in time.

Second, how can we produce high yields? Attached cultivation and management techniques

1. Cultivate strong seedlings at the right time

The suitable sowing date of onion is about September 20, the bolting rate of early sowing is high, and it is easy to suffer frost damage if sowing too late. 300 grams per mu for direct seeding and 50 grams for every 10 square meters of seedlings.

First draw a shallow ditch on the finished border surface, then spread the seeds evenly into the ditch, cover the soil 1 cm thick after sowing, water it after stepping on it, irrigate the second water on the fourth day after sowing, and pour the third water on the eighth day when the border surface sprouts, to ensure that the seedlings are evenly watered.

Watering the seedlings with small water every 7-10 days and pulling the grass. Reasonable seedling spacing, 3-4 cm apart. When there is harm to mole cricket, add appropriate amount of poisonous silk when watering, and pay attention to the prevention and control of Botrytis cinerea. After 30 days of seedling growth, a small amount of urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate could be applied.

two。 Choose the planting time of onion

The suitable planting period of onion is in the first ten days of November. When planting, the standard big seedlings should be planted first, and then the small seedlings should be planted. The planting depth should be appropriate, the deep bulb is easy to form a spindle shape, and the yield is low; too shallow and easy to lodge, it is appropriate to bury the bulb about 1 cm.

Avoid continuous cropping of onions and apply 4000 kg of fully mature organic fertilizer, 50 kg of diammonium phosphate and 30 kg of potassium sulfate per mu. After fertilization, the land will be leveled and raked fine and made into a flat border, and the width of the border will be determined according to the width of the plastic film. It is generally planted about 23000 plants per mu according to the row spacing of 20 cm × 15 cm. Water before covering the plastic film, and then punch holes in the film with a depth of 3 cm and a diameter of 1.5 cm. When planting, insert the onion seedlings directly into the hole, press them with your hands, and seal the hole. If it is not covered with plastic film or not watered before mulching, it shall be watered in time after planting, and slow seedling water will be watered again in 4-5 days.

3. Scientific management

Watering once before soil freezing; watering onion seedlings back to green in late February of the following year; watering times during bulb expansion period, generally once every 6-8 days, to keep the ground dry and wet to facilitate bulb expansion; stop watering 10 days before harvest to facilitate storage.

What kinds of onions should be planted in recent years?

There are many varieties of onions, and from the skin color, can be divided into red skin, white skin, yellow skin three kinds.

1. Red onion

Shanghai red skin, Jiangxi red skin and so on are good choices. The time of listing is usually in late May. This kind of sprouting is early and resistant to transportation and storage, so it is planted in many areas.

two。 White onion

Xinjiang white skin, Hami white skin and so on. But it is not resistant to disease and the yield is low, so it can be used for processing into other ingredients after dehydration.

3. Yellow onion

Quanzhou Yellow No.2, Jinqiu, Hongye Sanbao, Jinqiu No.2 and so on. Among them, the early-maturing variety Quanzhou Huang No.2 and the late-maturing variety Hongye Sanbao have good quality and resistance to transportation and storage, but the yield is low.

4. What are the prospects for onion planting in 2019?

Do not plant blindly in the coming year, and more comprehensive consideration should be given to the inventory of old onions in cold storage in Gansu and Shandong. The government and relevant agricultural departments actively coordinate planting to shorten the overlapping period of new and old onions as far as possible, and achieve reasonable and effective off-peak listing.