When will the Sunshine Rose Grape ripen? What is the planting method?

Sunshine Rose Portugal has the blood relationship of 'Bai Nan'. Although it is an European and American hybrid, it has typical Eurasian characteristics. The fruit of this variety is compact, oval, yellowish green, with glossy fruit surface and less fruit powder. The flesh is crisp and juicy, with rose flavor, soluble solids about 20%, up to 26%, and excellent fresh food quality, which can become one of the updated and promoted varieties in the grape industry. When will the Sunshine Rose Grape ripen? What is the planting method?

When will the Sunshine Rose Grape ripen?

Sunshine Rose Portugal entered the early flowering stage in early May, blossomed in the first and middle of May, the young fruit expanded for the first time in early June, the fruit began to change color in mid-July and began to mature in early August. Compared with Jufeng, this variety is easier to cultivate, the fruit hanging period is longer, and the fruit can be hung on the tree for as long as 2-3 months after maturity.

2. Planting method of Sunshine Rose Grape

1. Setting up a garden and planting

Seedling purchase and site selection should be done before planting. Grape seedlings are divided into grafted seedlings and self-rooted seedlings. In the case of Sunshine Rose, it is best to plant grafted seedlings with self-rooted seedlings or summer black rootstocks. Select the first-class seedlings with high branch maturity, developed root system, no diseases and insect pests, and the thickness is more than 0.4. If you plant in spring, you need to store grape seedlings in winter. Dig a ditch about 50 centimeters deep, put the whole bundle of grapes vertically in the ditch, fill some soil between the roots as far as possible, if the soil is dry, pour some water on the roots, put a row of grape seedlings covered with soil, and then put a row of grape seedlings, cover all the grape seedlings, and then cover the soil when the cold temperature is low. The garden should be chosen in a place with convenient drainage and fertile soil. After selecting the grape seedlings and the garden, you can plant the grape seedlings. Before planting, first draw the planting belt, planting ditch width 60cm, deep 60cm, mu rotten organic fertilizer 5000kg, add 100kg superphosphate and soil mix evenly, then backfill, watering and settling, and then repair into a soil ridge, about 20 cm above the ground.

2. Shaping and pruning

Take the double cross "V" frame as an example to talk about the shaping and pruning of Sunshine Rose seedlings. In the first year of planting, two strong shoots were selected and cultivated as the trunk, and the rest were wiped out. When the new shoots left as the trunk grew to 70 cm, the coring treatment was done at 65 cm. Two secondary shoots of each trunk were cultivated as the main vine, which was tied to the wire of the first crossbeam to make it grow horizontally to the left and right sides, and the secondary secondary shoots germinated on the main vine left 4 leaves for continuous coring. Cut short at the junction of the horizontal main vine and another plant during winter cutting, leaving 2-4 buds with a diameter greater than 0.5 cm as the fruiting mother branch; erasing less than 0.5 cm. After sprouting in the second year, when the new tip is more than 50 cm long, it is bound to the wire of the second crossbeam, and the distance between the new shoots is 15-20 cm. After the second year, one branch was left on each main vine at an interval of about 15 cm, with a total of 4 branches, of which 3 were used as fruiting mother branches and 1 near the trunk as reserve branches. Most branches leave 2-4 buds in winter pruning and 1-2 buds pruning in preparation branches.

3. Flower and fruit management

Pick the heart at the right time: after sprouting in spring, wipe off redundant double buds, multiple buds and weak buds by stages. Results the new shoots left 7 leaves 2-3 days before flowering, 1 leaves below the inflorescence and 2 leaves above the inflorescence repeatedly. The vegetative branch leaves 10 leaves to pick the heart, and the auxiliary shoot lengthens the head to leave 3-5 leaves to pick the heart. Ear shaping: a week before flowering, the ear is arranged to control the length of the ear, generally retaining the tip of the ear 5 cm, waiting for the ear to grow into a cone. Remove weak spike, deformed spike and disease and insect spike. Generally speaking, 2 ears are left in strong and prosperous new shoots, 1 ear in moderate new shoots, no ear in weak branches or 1 ear in two or three new shoots.

Drug treatment: through two times of gibberellin treatment, this can not only greatly improve the fruit setting rate, make the particles larger, but also achieve the denucleation of fruit grains. In the first time, the whole inflorescence was dipped in 30-50mg/kg gibberellin for 1-3 seconds, and the second time, the young spike was dipped in 30-50mg/kg gibberellin for 2-3 seconds after 10 days.

Scientific fruit thinning: when the fruit grain grows to the size of the soybean grain, the fruit will be thinned, leaving 60-70 grains per ear, leaving 60-70 grains per panicle, so that the panicle shape can be more beautiful. after fruit thinning, fungicides such as methyl topiramate, chlorothalonil and amicida are sprayed comprehensively. Bag the medicine in time after it dries. Fruit thinning tools to use sharp scissors, pruning should be careful, so as not to damage the left fruit or ear axis. At the same time, the load of the tree should be taken into account and the yield should be controlled in order to improve the quality of berries.

4. Fertilizer and water management

The first year of planting was based on available nitrogen fertilizer, combined with the application of organic fertilizer to promote vegetative growth. The second year began to fertilize 5 times a year. Nitrogen fertilizer was applied at the early stage of the first bud, generally 10-15 kg per mu, to provide sufficient nitrogen for plant growth to promote neat buds and strong branches; phosphate and potassium fertilizer was applied before and after the second flowering stage, generally 15 kg per mu, to provide sufficient nutrients at flowering stage, promote shoot growth and increase fruit setting rate; potassium fertilizer was applied during the third fruit expansion period, generally applying 30 kg potassium sulfate per mu to promote fruit development. Potassium fertilizer was applied in the fourth fruit color conversion period, and potassium fertilizer was applied when the fruit entered the color conversion period to promote fruit coloring and enter the ripening stage as soon as possible. The fifth application of base fertilizer generally applies organic fertilizer and green manure from fruit harvest to the end of October, which is the secondary growth period of root system, which promotes the growth of new root, strengthens the tree body, and improves the disease resistance and cold resistance of plant. Each time should be combined with fertilization to irrigate enough water, in the berry color conversion period to mature period to control irrigation, to maintain moderate drought. At the same time, according to the growth situation, combined with pest control, the necessary foliar fertilizer should be applied, 0.2% borax should be sprayed before flowering, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium sulfate can be sprayed every other half a month from flowering to maturity.

5. Pest control

Sunny rose grape plants are occasionally susceptible to rachis brown blight, which mainly harms buds, young rachis or young fruit, causing atrophy and dryness, flower drop and fruit drop, which not only seriously affects berry quality, but also seriously reduces yield. Therefore, prevention and treatment should be strengthened. The whole garden will be cleaned up after winter cutting. After winter cutting, the diseased fruit, diseased branches and diseased leaves were taken out of the garden and destroyed in order to kill the source of overwintering bacteria. The whole garden was sprayed with stone-sulfur mixture in spring. The stone sulfur mixture of 3-5 Baume degree was sprayed in the whole garden before the grape plants were unearthed and sprouted in spring. Increase the application of organic fertilizer and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to control the amount of nitrogen fertilizer, enhance tree potential and improve plant disease resistance.