How to grow green dates? One article explains in detail the key points of high-yield planting techniques of green jujube!

Green jujube contains more vitamins and trace elements, belongs to the list of health fruits, planting can achieve hanging fruit, planting the second year can enter the high-yield period, favored by fruit farmers, then how to grow green jujube? The following is a detailed explanation on the key points of high-yield planting techniques of green jujube.

First, how to grow green dates? What are the key points of high-yield planting techniques?

1. Garden site selection

Green jujube has strong adaptability and does not have high requirements for soil, but it has high requirements for fertilizer, sunlight and water, so it needs to be planted in paddy fields, sloping fields or terraced dry fields with sufficient light and convenient irrigation. When planting in places with poor light, drought, typhoons and lack of water, the yield and quality will be affected in varying degrees.

2. Variety selection

There are relatively many varieties of green jujube, and there are great differences in yield, quality, fruit shape and flavor of different green jujube, including Huangguan, Hongyun, 5000 and other varieties. Excellent varieties can be selected from the reality of the orchard, but we need to pay attention to 2% pollination trees when planting to improve the fruit setting rate of green jujube.

3. Rational planting

The planting season of green jujube is the best from March to May, when the temperature is not high, the climate is humid, and Rain Water is more. It began to bloom in August and matured in November. If the management science is in place, the output of each green jujube can be in 10 kg, which can be put into production and harvested in the same year. If bagged seedlings can also be planted in July or August, they can also blossom and bear fruit in the same year. When bare-root seedlings are planted in summer, if the packaging is not in place and the transportation time is long, the survival rate will be greatly reduced. If the use of hole planting, hole length and width of 80 cm, depth of 60 cm, apply sufficient amount of base fertilizer, open diving ditch, convenient for drainage.

Considering the fast growth rate of green jujube, keep a reasonable density when planting. According to the planting practice experience, 300 to 400 plants per hectare, the planting specification is set to 6 meters × 5 meters, if the planting density is high, the early yield is relatively high, but after growing to 5 years, if it is found that the canopy is large and cover each other, proper thinning is needed.

4. Fertilizer and water management

Green jujube has a large proportion of base fertilizer, which can account for 50% of the total fertilization in the whole year. When the newly planted fruit tree base fertilizer is used for burrowing, the mature livestock fertilizer is 15 kg / hole, phosphate fertilizer and bran fertilizer are 0.5 kg / hole and 1 kg / hole respectively, all the base fertilizer and soil are mixed well and then backfilled, and the topsoil is filled back and 20 cm out of the ground to avoid stagnant water in rainy days.

The 2-year-old tree will be fully fertilized within 15 days after all the fruits are harvested. The use of mature livestock fertilizer is mostly controlled at 20 kg / hole, phosphate fertilizer and bran fertilizer are 1 kg and 1.5 kg / hole respectively, the base fertilizer is dug a ring ditch around the crown, and the amount of use should be increased appropriately.

The root system of green jujube is relatively developed, and most of it is distributed in the shallow soil layer. After topdressing, the effect is quick, and the effect is also good. After the growth is determined, the times and amount of fertilization will be scientifically regulated.

Generally, it needs to be carried out in three times, and the first time should be applied in April to May after shoot shooting to ensure that the growth of new shoots can be speeded up. Fertilizer can be spread directly and evenly within the canopy, a thin layer of soil can be properly covered, and water should be drenched after fertilization. the second topdressing is usually carried out at the beginning of flowering, and fertilization is carried out from July to August, taking into account the differences in tree age and the amount of fertilizer used. In the third fertilization, it is often in November, when the first batch of flower-bearing fruit begins to mature and fertilizes to ensure that the fruit can expand in the middle and later stage, and the amount of fertilizer application is appropriately increased to 30% compared with the first topdressing amount.

After the first flowering, the foliar fertilizer stops when the fruit falls, which is usually carried out from July to October, using 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and adding appropriate 0.2% urea, spraying once every 15 days for 3 times in a row. Trace element fertilizer, usually applied twice a month, can also be sprayed with 0.2% dipotassium hydrogen phosphate plus 0.5% glucose solution 15 days before the fruit is harvested to increase the sugar content of the fruit.

5. Pruning and fruit protection

Green jujube branch pruning should be mainly lateral oblique, with large crown area and relatively many branches. Scientific pruning can form a good tree shape, facilitate ventilation and lighting, effectively reduce diseases and insect pests, and improve the yield and quality of green jujube. When drying, make sure that the high old trunk can promote the early flowering and ripening of green jujube.

After the fruit is harvested, two old trunks or branches are generally selected as the new trunk, with a height of 1.5 meters, and the rest can be completely cut off or girdled at the base to let it die slowly. Treetop pruning is carried out in June until the end of fruit setting in November, cutting off over-dense branches, slender branches and those close to the ground. Green jujube has many flowers and fruits, and each inflorescence can grow into five small fruits. In general, some young fruits can drop fruit automatically, but after natural fruit drop, there are still more fruits, so artificial fruit protection is needed.

6. Pest control

The diseases and insect pests of green jujube are relatively few, mainly scale insects, fruit flies and so on. If scale insects appear, they need to be culled quickly with Lesben, and fruit flies can be culled with trichlorfon. Pesticide spraying should be stopped 20 days before fruit harvest. The fruit of green jujube shows yellowish green when ripe, the appearance is full, the skin color is good luster. At this time, it needs to be harvested in time, and if it is to be transported for a long time, it can be harvested when it is mature.

When harvesting, we should pay attention to handle it lightly to avoid damage and have an impact on the value of its goods. If the fruit of green jujube is too ripe, the meat will become soft, so its quality and taste will decline, the price will be affected, and it is not easy to transport. Therefore, when picking green dates, we should pay attention to make preparations in advance.

Second, what are the planting prospects of green jujube?

Judging from the price market of green jujube in previous years, jujube produces more than 6000 jin per mu. According to the average market price of 4 yuan per jin, the output value per mu is more than 20, 000 yuan.

Generally speaking, the green jujube fruit is fresh, nutritious and has health functions such as purifying blood, helping digestion, nourishing beauty and so on. Fresh meat is crisp, tender and juicy, with high sweetness, good taste and unique flavor, weighing 100-400 grams per fruit, so it has the laudatory name of "tropical little apple" and "vitamin pill". It has health functions such as purifying blood, helping digestion, beauty and beauty, and has a considerable market prospect.