Master the key points of planting peach trees in these 8 greenhouses, and you can also eat delicious peaches in winter!

At present, the cultivation of peach trees in greenhouse is generally to promote pre-cultivation, that is, the fruits can be put on the market earlier through greenhouse cultivation, for example, you can also eat delicious peaches in winter, but to achieve this goal, you must master the correct technical points of planting peach trees in greenhouse!

First, choose a suitable greenhouse

The cultivation facilities of peach trees in greenhouse usually use plastic film solar greenhouse, also known as plastic greenhouse. According to the size of the tree and the expected time when the fruit is on the market, different plastic greenhouses are selected. if you want the fruit to mature at the end of March and the beginning of April, it is necessary to use the winter warm plastic greenhouse.

Second, choose the right peach variety

The cold requirement of the selected varieties should be low, that is, the accumulative low temperature time needed to meet the natural dormancy is short, and the cumulative low temperature time below 7.2 degrees Celsius is less than 850 hours. In addition, self-pollination should be selected as far as possible in greenhouse cultivation, with high seed setting rate, large fruit, good color, good quality and resistance to transportation.

At present, the varieties cultivated in the experiment are:

Common peaches: spring buds, morning blossoms, etc.

Nectarine: may Hong, dawning, Ruiguang No. 1

Flat peach: morning dew flat peach.

III. Buckle shed management

There is a large investment in peach cultivation in greenhouse, so it is necessary to make full use of the characteristics of fast growth and early fruiting of young peach trees, strengthen management, realize planting in the same year, flower in the same year, buckle the shed in the same year, and bear fruit in the next spring.

1. Strengthen the management of young trees: after planting, set the stem at the place of 30ml / 40cm, usually leave 2 main branches per plant, and pick out the heart when the new shoot grows to 30cm, so as to promote the secondary shoot to increase the vegetative area.

2. Heart-picking: the new shoots in other parts should be picked repeatedly and the over-dense and upright shoots should be removed in time, and the new shoots with better angles should be stripped and reserved as auxiliary branches, and the biennial seedlings can also be planted directly.

3. Fertilization: from the end of April to the beginning of May, topdressing three times every 15 seconds for 20 days, urea 8 kg / mu, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5 kg / mu, watering after fertilization, hoeing to increase temperature.

4. Buckle the shed time: when to buckle the greenhouse to increase temperature depends on whether the natural dormancy of the cultivated varieties has been completed or not. Generally, the varieties with low cold capacity need to buckle the shed early or late. The earlier you cover, the sooner you mature.

In order to ensure full and complete natural dormancy. It is safer to withhold the shed in the first and middle of December.

Fourth, lighting control

Light is essential to plant photosynthesis, and peach trees are light-loving crops, so the light in the greenhouse is very important for normal growth and fruit. when the light is too weak, it should be artificially assisted to ensure normal growth.

V. Flower and fruit management

In order to improve the fruit setting rate and ensure enough fruit, artificial pollination should be carried out, such as feather duster powder, artificial pollination, bee pollination during flowering, boron spraying during flowering, etc., and bees should be put in one week before flowering, so that bees have an adaptive process and insecticides are prohibited during bee release.

Fruit thinning: after fruit setting, too many fruits should be manually thinned to ensure that the number of fruits should be increased. Fruit thinning is usually carried out three weeks after flowering. Generally, there are 4 long fruit branches, 3 medium fruit branches and 2 short fruit branches. the varieties with large fruit should be kept appropriately.

VI. Spraying plant growth regulators and fertilizers

About 10 days after peach blossom, spray 0.5% urea and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixture 2 times. Spray should be carried out in the evening without wind or on cloudy days, once every 2 weeks.

It is suggested that the flowering period can be halved by spraying 30g gonadotropin with 30 jin of water for 15 days, which can effectively increase the fruit setting rate and promote fruit expansion.

VII. Disease and pest control

The main diseases and insect pests of peach trees in greenhouse are aphids, gray mold, bacterial perforation and so on.

Control of diseases and insect pests of peach trees in greenhouse:

1. Aphids:

Before sprouting: spray the stone sulfur mixture read 5 times by Baume 3muri.

Xiehua 10Mel 15 days later: 1500 times solution of 2.5% aphid wettable powder was used to control aphids.

2. Grey mold:

When Botrytis cinerea occurs in the greenhouse, 80% Sukeling wettable powder 800 times solution is used for prevention and control. You can also use 10% of cinnamon smoke agent, 250 fumigation shed or 450 grams per mu, or dust agent, such as 5% carbendazim, 6.5% carbendazim, 5% chlorothalonil, etc., and use 1 kg per mu.

3. Bacterial perforation:

Streptomycin sulfate can be used at 200 mg / L.

The prevention and control of diseases and insect pests after uncovering the film should be carried out according to the land cultivation.

VIII. Management after unveiling the shed

After the fruit was harvested and uncovered, the overdense branches such as prosperous overlapping shoots, upright shoots and cross shoots were removed.

Vertical shoots with good angles should be smoothed or twisted to promote the formation of flower buds. The fruiting branches were retracted, renewed and rejuvenated, and the competitive branches such as the main branches were thinned. The new shoots were repeatedly coring in the first ten days of June, the middle and the last ten days of August, and paclobutrazol was sprayed to control the growth.

Applying basal fertilizer in autumn to lay a good foundation for high yield in the second year, peach trees were pruned in front of the shed after falling leaves to remove dense branches and vigorous growth on their backs, perennial branches should be removed from perennial trees, and large branches with space should be cut short in appropriate parts to culture fruiting branches and control tree height in order to continue to buckle shed to carry culture.