Fruit growers pay attention, this guava planting method can let you "money road" can be expected!

Guava, commonly known as guava, is a kind of delicious and nutritious fruit. at present, it is mostly cultivated in warm areas of southern China. Many fruit growers say that when they grow guava, their output is not high, the quality is not high, the market price is not sold, and they cannot make money. It can be seen that planting guava is not a simple thing. I will share with you the planting method of guava, which may give you a "way to make money"!

1. Land reclamation and land preparation

First of all, remove weeds and debris from the planned orchard. Then carry on the full reclamation, the depth is 40 centimeters, let the soil fully expose, and then carry on the plough and rake, make the soil fine and loose. Double-row or single-row ridging planting on flat land.

2. Digging holes and applying base fertilizer

Digging holes should be carried out one month before planting, and large holes should be dug according to plant spacing. The specification of planting hole is 80 cm wide and 60 cm deep. When digging holes, open the topsoil and the bottom soil, and the acupoints are exposed to the sun for about 15 days to return to the soil. When returning to the soil, first use the topsoil to return to the half of the planting point, and then add about 0.3 kg of phosphate fertilizer to each hole (sifted and mixed with organic fertilizer before application). Fully mature and broken organic fertilizer (cow dung, pig dung, chicken manure) and so on about 15 kg mixed with the topsoil, and then back to the topsoil to step on to wait for planting.

3. Planting

It can be planted in spring, summer and autumn of the year, but it is better in spring. After planting in spring, the temperature is getting higher, the light is not strong, Rain Water is more and more, the survival rate is high, and the growth is fast. Generally, the plant spacing is 2.5 meters and the row spacing is 3.5 meters. 76 plants per mu. Before planting, spray seedlings with Jiashuangling liquid for disinfection and disease prevention. Then, dig a hole about 20 cm deep in the planting hole in the soil, evenly sprinkle 30-50 grams of 3% good year winter granule (to prevent young trees from being damaged by root nematodes), cover the medicine with a little soil, and finally plant it.

The planting depth should be just covered by the original nutrition bag soil and drenched with enough water.

4. Post-planting management

One month after planting, you can carry out fertilization management, fertilizing once a month, with humic acid set meal Jiamei profit, a fertilization of 10-15 kg. When the young tree is 60 cm high, cut the trunk about 45 cm above the ground to promote the germination of new shoots, and then retain 4-6 branches with uniform distribution. After each branch grows to more than 70 cm, it is made into about 45 degrees by manual pulling, which promotes the lower part to sprout new shoots, pick the heart when the new shoots grow to about 30 cm, promote the new shoots to turn green as soon as possible, and sprout new shoots again. The main diseases and insect pests of young trees are blight and root nematodes. Spray once a month after planting to prevent diseases, such as timely prevention and control of nematodes, at the same time do a good job of weeding to ensure the normal growth of young trees.

5. Fertilization

Results the tree needs to apply Jiamei water-soluble fertilizer containing humic acid 2-3 times a month, open shallow along the leaf dripping line and flush with water, and spray 800 times of Jiamei platinum 2-3 times a month. Re-apply rotten organic fertilizer at the beginning of April every year, 15-20 kg per plant, and open the ring and apply it in shallow trenches.

6. Pruning

Fruit tree pruning, one is to control the vigorous growth, to promote strong fruiting branches, in order to achieve high yield; the other is to facilitate growth operation and management and prevention of diseases and insect pests. The pruning of guava is light at the front and heavy at the back. That is, cut lightly before the fruit and again after the full fruit period. After entering the full fruit stage, reproductive growth is dominant, vegetative growth is weakened, and heavy pruning can promote new shoots, cut large branches and main branches in time, and maintain the balance between vegetative growth and reproductive growth.

A major repair is carried out at the end of April every year, leaving about 40 centimeters of strong branches, while cutting off dead branches, residual branches, cross branches and branches of diseases and insect pests. If the beads grow vigorously after pruning, the heart will be picked after the fruit-setting node, so that the new shoots will sprout from the leaf axils below the fruit, and the tree potential will be controlled. For those with weak growth, they mainly enlarge the crown and leave 30 cm long to the unfruited branches to make them become fruiting mother branches. In addition, after fruit harvest in winter, cut off dead branches, residual branches, cross branches and branches of diseases and insect pests.

7. Keep and pick flowers

Under normal conditions, guava can leave flowers and bear fruit for 8 months. It takes about 85 days from flowering and fruiting to fruit ripening and 115 days in winter. Generally speaking, the time not to let a large number of fruit hang in a year is June, July and August. During this period, due to high temperature, poor fruit quality and low commodity value, the flowers blooming from March to the end of May were removed and kept from June to let them bear fruit.

8. Flower thinning, fruit thinning and bagging

When preparing to leave flowers and bear fruit, you must first thinning flowers, then fruit, and finally bagging. For normal flower and fruit thinning, the requirements are as follows: keep the solitary inflorescences of new shoots, remove the florets in the second flower collection, remove the left and right flowers in the tribe, and retain the middle sessile flowers. Fruit thinning in principle, one fruiting branch can leave one fruit, but the branches grow strong, and those with large and thick leaves can leave two. After fruit thinning, bagging must be carried out when the diameter of the young fruit is about 1.5 cm. Such as early bagging, the young fruit is too small, bagging operation is more difficult, too large fruit is easy to be damaged by diseases and insects to lose bagging meaning. Spray once before bagging to inhale fungicides to prevent disease and then bagging. The bagging method is to first cover the foam net, then cover a 0.2 mm thick non-toxic polyethylene film bag (the bag is about 25 cm long and 20 cm wide), and then tie the mouth of the bag close to the handle.

9. Fruit harvest

The flowering period and mature period of guava are different, so we should pay attention to observation and harvest at the right time. Generally, bagging in summer and autumn takes about 60 days to mature, and about 85 days after bagging in winter can be picked. When picking, pick it with the bag to ensure that the fruit will not be damaged.

10. Control of major diseases and insect pests

► Rhizoctonia solani: as it is known that the invading Rhizoctonia solani exists near the vascular bundle, drug control is extremely difficult, so the policy of prevention and comprehensive control should be carried out.

① chose disease-free seedlings to plant.

② improves the drainage and irrigation system to maintain good soil permeability and reduce the spread of bacteria.

③ diseased branches and dead plants should be cleared out of the garden and burned in time to reduce the chance of infection and transmission.

④ increased application of retting to produce rotten organic fertilizer.

The whole garden was sterilized once after ⑤ pruning and when the rainy season came.

After the onset of ⑥, cut off the diseased branches in time, spray with 80% basic copper sulfate wettable powder, spray every 10-12 days for 3-4 times, or use carbendazim, benomide and so on.

► fruit anthracnose: spray with 50% methyl topiramate wettable powder or 80% mancozeb wettable powder. Once every 7-10 days, 3-4 times in a row.

► aphid: spray with 2000-3000 times of EC or 1000 times of imidacloprid

► new shoot pests: use 1000 times of 50% phoxim oil, once every 7-10 days, twice in a row, cut off and burn the killed shoots at the same time.