How to plant pepper seeds? Three big steps to see.

Prickly ash seed is a kind of prickly ash seed which is separated from the pericarp after mature prickly ash fruit is harvested. Prickly ash seed is a good seasoning, but also has medicinal value. In the eight major cuisines, Sichuan cuisine is a distinctive cuisine, and the characteristics of Sichuan cuisine mainly comes from its hemp, and pepper is the source of hemp flavor. How to plant prickly ash seeds? Three major steps will be taken at a glance.

First, how much is the price of pepper seeds per jin?

The market price of Zanthoxylum bungeanum seed varies according to the variety and market, generally about 30-50 yuan per jin. The seeds of Zanthoxylum bungeanum generally mature from August to October, can be collected when they are fully mature, dry in the indoor dry place in time after seed collection, take out the seeds after peel cracking, and store them after drying to prevent mildew and oil.

How to plant prickly ash seeds?

(1) selection of species

Zanthoxylum bungeanum trees with exuberant growth, no diseases and insect pests, strong age (10-15 years old) and excellent varieties are selected as the mother tree. When the pericarp of the fruit is all purplish red and the inner seed coat turns blue, it is ripe (in early August). After picking, it is spread out thinly on the mat and dried in the shade or in the greenhouse. When the pericarp is cracked and the seed is removed from the pericarp, remove the impurities and remove the clean seed. The selected seeds must not be exposed to the sun, because most of the volatile oil contained in the seed is lost due to exposure, so that the seed loses its germination power.

(2) seed treatment

There are many methods of seed treatment, such as plant ash seed dressing, sand storage, soaking and so on. Practice has proved that only when the grease wax on the surface of the seed is completely removed can the seed absorb water completely and germinate normally. In the following, I mainly introduce a method of soaking seeds in alkaline water:

1. Water selection. First of all, soak the seeds completely in a large vat or cauldron with water to filter out the empty seeds floating on the surface.

two。 Soak. The seeds should be soaked in a water tank and the amount of water should be added to submerge the seeds. The main function is to soften the seed coat. The soaking time is about a week.

3. Scrub. Put a small amount of seeds into a container, add 30-50 ℃ of washing powder or lye (the proportion is about 1 200), rub by hand, pound with sticks or step on with your feet in a bag; if the amount is large, you can scrub with a small mixer.

4. Cleaning. Because the solution is mixed with rubbed oil, it has high viscosity. After scrubbing, soak the seed coat with water for 6-10 hours, soften the seed coat, and then rinse repeatedly with water until the seed coat is free of oil.

The standard for cleaning the surface of the seed is that the color of the seed changes from black and bright to brown, and the surface of the seed is no longer smooth with your hands.

5. Seed scalding, also known as killing and reviving method, is a commonly used seed treatment method in forestry, which can make the water absorption of seeds reach more than 95%, which is 20-30% higher than that of soaking seeds in warm water. At the same time, high temperature has the effect of disinfection and sterilization, which can reduce the incidence of blight in seedling stage.

Operation method: the day before sowing, boil water in a cauldron for 80-90 ℃. Each time, pour a small amount of seeds into a thicker sieve (the density of the sieve is subject to not missing the seeds), and prepare a large pot or jar (with a diameter larger than the diameter of the sieve). Fill it with cold water and place it closer to the water pot. Soak the seeds in the sieve together with the sieve in a boiling water pan for about 15-20 seconds (count silently in mind), then quickly take them out and put them in cold water. If the amount of hot seed is large, two sieves can be used alternately.

The key to this step is: first, temperature, second, speed, must be done in strict accordance with the requirements, and pay attention to the replacement of cold water.

(3) sowing methods

There are several methods of sowing: spring sowing, autumn sowing or sowing before the earth is frozen in early winter. Due to the poor Lignification of autumn and winter sowing seedlings and the difficulty of overwintering, we generally adopt the method of spring sowing because it is not suitable for the climate of the north.

1. Select a place

Pepper likes temperature, light and deep and fertile loam, sandy loam. The sandy soil with irrigation conditions should be selected in the nursery, which is beneficial to the development of root system and aboveground part of the seedlings. Pay attention to the nursery in different places, and the interval between rotation and stubble is 2-3 years.

Zanthoxylum bungeanum is not tolerant to waterlogging, short-term stagnant water can lead to death, and avoid choosing plots with barren soil, heavy saline-alkali land, high lime nodule precipitation and high groundwater level.

two。 Land preparation

Nursery land should be cultivated first, with a depth of 30-40cm, combined with deep ploughing and applying soil fertilizer or rotten ring fertilizer per mu (6000-300kg of chicken manure, sheep manure or cow manure after maturation), and soil disinfection should be carried out at the same time, and about 50% carbendazim or 70% methyl thiophanate 3kg per mu should be mixed.

3. Make a bed

The sowing border is better in the north-south direction, the width of the border is 1 meter, the row spacing is 20cm cm, and the width of the border is 30cm. The sowing land can not have large soil clods and weeds within the surface 10cm, and the soil preparation should be empty and solid, so as to create a good soil environment for seed germination.

4. Sowing seeds

First open a ditch in the border with a depth of 2-3 cm, spread the seeds evenly in the ditch (can be mixed with fine sand in the seeds to facilitate uniform distribution), and then drag and rake the line with an old broom and gently suppress it. The sowing rate is 10-12 kg per mu.

The north is generally dry in spring, so it should be fully irrigated before sowing, and the sowing time is generally in mid-March or early April.