What do you need to prepare before planting garden trees? There are three principles to follow!

The principle of planting garden trees is to follow the law of tree growth and development, to provide corresponding planting conditions and management and protection measures, to promote root regeneration and the recovery of physiological metabolic function, and to coordinate the contradiction of growth and development between the aboveground and underground parts of the tree body. it shows the vitality of strong roots, luxuriant branches and luxuriant flowers and fruits, and satisfactorily achieves the ecological index and landscape effect required by landscaping design. So what do you need to prepare before planting garden trees? What principles should be followed?

What do you need to prepare before planting garden trees?

1. Make clear the design intention

Understanding the task of planting garden trees is a part of the landscaping project. We must have a deep understanding of the design intention of the project in order to meet the design requirements. If it is the same ginkgo biloba, male trees should be selected for street tree planting, and the trees should be of the same size, usually equidistant and symmetrical; when making landscape trees, both female and male trees can be selected, and the size of the tree can be different, and it can be enjoyed alone when it is planted, or three or five trees can be planted together, but pay attention to the crown development space. In addition, the occurrence of diseases and insect pests caused by improper mixed planting of tree species should be avoided. for example, mixed planting of locust trees and paulownia trees will cause the occurrence of stink bugs, and juniper cypresses should stay away from begonia, apples and other Rosaceae species to avoid the occurrence of apple juniper rust.

two。 On-site terrain processing

Fixed-point measurement and layout to deal with the topography of the planting site according to the design drawings is an important measure to improve the survival rate of planting. So that the planting land and the surrounding roads, facilities and other reasonable connection, good drainage, and remove the surrounding construction waste and debris. The fixed-point measurement and layout according to the construction drawings is the basis of designing the landscape effect. The fixed-point layout of street trees is generally based on the edge of the road or the central axis of the road, which requires neatness on both sides. For the planting of trees with no precise planting points on the design drawings, especially the trees, the planting range can be drawn first, and the specific location can be comprehensively considered according to the design idea, tree specifications and site status. It is generally based on the principle that the development of plants does not interfere with each other.

3. Dig a pit

The size and depth of the prepared tree potholes should be determined according to the specifications of the trees and the thickness of the soil layer, slope, groundwater level and soil moisture. Practice has proved that Dakeng is beneficial to the growth and development of tree roots, such as trees with a DBH of 5 cm to 6 cm, and the soil quality is better, and holes with a diameter of 80 cm and a depth of 60 cm can be dug. General Arbor potholes are not less than 1 cubic meter and shrub potholes are not less than 0.5 cubic meters. In areas with heavy wind and sand, large pits are not conducive to preserving soil moisture, so small pits should be planted.

II. Three principles of planting garden trees

Principle 1: suitable trees for planting

First of all, we must understand the ecological habits of tree species and the ability to adapt to the ecological environment of the planting area, and have successful introduction experiments and mature cultivation and conservation techniques. In particular, the selection and application of new varieties of flowering shrubs should be more prudent than foliage and shape-viewing garden tree species, because the adaptability of this kind of tree species is not only the survival of trees, but also the perfect expression of ornamental characters of flowers and fruits. The simplest method of suitable tree planting principle is to select native tree species with good characters as backbone tree species. Especially in the planning and design of ecological forest, the principle of giving priority to native tree species should be implemented in order to create ecological community effect.

Secondly, the local special microclimate conditions of the planting land can be used to break through the limitations of the original ecological environment, meet the growth and development requirements of newly introduced tree species, and achieve suitable tree planting. For example, it can build mountains and draw water, set up external barriers, improve soil and fertilize, change soil properties, and bundle grass to protect against cold, so as to enhance the cold resistance of trees. In addition, buildings can be used to protect against wind and cold, and small courtyards can be surrounded to gather temperature, so as to reduce the damage of low temperature in winter and expand the scope of moving south trees to the north.

Third, the control of groundwater level plays an important role in the principle of suitable planting. The high groundwater level is the main factor affecting the survival of tree planting. Among the existing garden tree species, moisture-tolerant tree species are extremely scarce, especially cedar, magnolia, peach and cherry blossoms are extremely sensitive to stagnant water in the rhizosphere. Measures such as raising the ground or deep ditches can be adopted when planting to facilitate tree survival and normal growth and development. Another important content of suitable tree planting is to master the light adaptability of tree species. The planting of garden trees is different from general afforestation, which shows the landscape effect by the community ecological planting pattern of the combination of trees, shrubs and ground cover plants. Therefore, when multiple tree species are planted in groups, it is very prominent to think about the shade tolerance of tree species and the location of sunflower shrubs.

Principle 2: the planting period of timely planting garden trees

It should be determined according to the characteristics of the trees and the climatic conditions of the planting area. Generally, deciduous tree species are mostly carried out after falling leaves in autumn or before sprouting in spring, during this period, the tree is in a dormant state, the injured root system is easy to recover, and the planting survival rate is high. Evergreen tree species are mostly planted in autumn in warm winter areas in the south; in cold areas in winter, they are often unable to survive the winter smoothly because of autumn drought, so it is appropriate to plant new shoots in spring before germination, and in areas with severe spring drought, they can be planted in rainy season.

1. Spring planting trees end dormancy and begin to grow and develop in spring, which is the main tree planting season in most parts of China. In addition, spring planting accords with the phenological order that trees grow roots first and branches and leaves later, which is beneficial to the balance of water metabolism. Especially in winter cold areas or for cold-resistant tree species, spring planting can avoid the effort of overwintering and cold prevention. In areas with strong autumn drought and wind, evergreen tree species should also be planted in spring, but the time can be slightly delayed. Tree species with fleshy roots, such as Cornus officinalis, Magnolia, Liriodendron, etc., are vulnerable to low temperature frostbite, and spring planting is better. Work is busy and labor is tight in spring. According to the budding habits of tree species and the soil thawing period in different regions, we should make a good plan by making use of winter leisure. The budding habits of tree species were larch, silver bud willow, willow, peach, plum, elm, locust, oak, jujube and so on. The soil thawing period is related to climatic factors, site conditions and soil texture. Deciduous tree species should be planted early in spring, and the soil can begin as soon as the soil is thawed. Spring planting is mostly from early March to late April in North China and from mid-February to late March in East China.

2. Autumn planting

The demand for water of the tree is reduced, and the air temperature and ground temperature are relatively high, the underground part of the tree has not been completely shaved, the roots cut off during planting can heal as soon as possible, and new roots can grow. Autumn planting in North China, the use of large seedlings, in order to enhance the ability of trees to survive the winter. Autumn planting in East China can be extended from early November to late December. In the severe cold areas of the northeast and north-west, autumn planting should be carried out from the fallen leaves of the trees to before the land is frozen.

3. Planting in rainy season (summer)

Under the influence of the dry and wet monsoon in the Indian Ocean, it is better to plant in the rainy season in southwest China, which is obviously divided into dry and rainy seasons. If the rainy season is in a high temperature month, due to short-term high temperature and strong light, it is easy to make the water metabolism of newly planted trees maladjusted, so it is necessary to grasp the local rainfall law and the rainfall situation of the current year, and plant in the continuous rainy period. In the south of the Yangtze River, there is also the experience of summer planting by making use of the climatic characteristics of the "Meiyu" period.

Principle 3: the planting method of suitable method for planting garden trees

According to the growth characteristics of tree species, the growth and development status of trees, the planting period of trees and the environmental conditions of the planting site, bare root planting or soil ball planting should be adopted.

1. Bare root planting

This method is mostly used for evergreen seedlings and deciduous tree species. The key to bare root planting is to keep the root system intact, the backbone root should not be too long, and the lateral root and fibrous root should be as many as possible. From digging seedlings to planting, be sure to keep the roots moist. Root beating is one of the common protection methods, which can increase the transplanting survival rate by 20%. The ratio of pulp to water is: calcium superphosphate 1 kg + fine loess 7.5 kg + water 40 kg, stirred into paste. In order to improve the survival rate of planting, wet grass mulch can be used in the process of transportation to prevent the roots from drying.

2. Transplant with earthen balls

Evergreen tree species and some tree species with bare roots that are difficult to survive, such as chestnut, Carya cathayensis, seven-leaf tree, magnolia and so on, are often planted with soil balls. Big tree planting and growing period planting, also require to carry out with soil balls, in order to improve the survival rate.