Longan is not difficult to grow and master six key points of planting techniques.

Longan, which is what we call longan, is one of the favorite fruits of many people. it can also be dried and tastes sweeter after processing. it can be used for stew or eaten directly. At present, more and more plants are planted in southern China, because longan likes temperature and is not cold-resistant, and more and more people have planted it in recent years. In fact, longan is not difficult to grow, the key to master six key points of planting techniques.

How much is the market price of longan per jin?

The price of longan has been fluctuating obviously, and the price will be relatively stable in recent years. The trend of its overall price in our country is gradually increasing from south to north. Generally speaking, the price in areas close to the origin in Guangdong is about 4-6 yuan, the wholesale price is only about 3 yuan, to the north to the Lianghu area, the price fluctuates around 10 yuan, and the wholesale price generally fluctuates around 5 yuan. When northward to Shandong and other areas, the price is stable at 13-15 yuan, while the wholesale price fluctuates greatly. On the whole, the price is relatively close to everyone's living consumption level.

Second, planting techniques of longan

1. Planting site selection: longan should be planted in the mountains with sufficient sunshine, good air circulation, deep soil layer (red soil, sandy or clay, pH 5-6, organic matter content above 2%), no frost damage, wind damage, and slope below 15 degrees. It is better to have sufficient water sources nearby.

2. Planting hole preparation: create a deep rooting soil layer for longan-dig large planting hole, press fertilizer to improve soil, newly planted longan should dig 1 meter * 1 meter * 0.8 meter large planting hole, and put 10 kg green manure, 30 kg organic mud, 0.5 kg quicklime, 10-15 kg rotten livestock manure in the upper layer, backfill a certain amount of topsoil, and then plant it after retting and ripening for 2-3 months, making the planting hole fertile and deep. It is rich in organic matter and good air permeability, which lays a good foundation for the growth of longan.

3. Set up drainage and irrigation ditches: longitudinal ditches 50-60 cm deep and 60 cm wide are dug on both sides of the main and main roads of the Longan calibration hole, connecting the back ditches and horizontal ditches of all levels of terraced fields. In order to reduce the scour of Rain Water, the longitudinal ditches should be repaired into bamboo joints or weeds grow at the bottom of the ditches. Every 15-20 mu, 3 m * 5 m * 1.5 m reservoir and 1 fertile pool are set up to facilitate irrigation, pesticide application and fertilizer and water retting.

4. Planting method: it can be planted according to the characteristics of longan varieties, generally planting 15-30 longan plants per mu, do not blindly pursue dwarfing and dense planting. The planting time should be before and after Ching Ming Festival when the temperature rises or before the spring shoots germinate. The planting depth is related to the seedling stage. The covering depth of the circular branch seedling is about 5 cm higher than the original soil ball. Do not break the root caused by too deep and trampling vigorously. After planting, each plant is watered with 10-15 kg root water.

5. Management of young trees

① fertilization: the longan tree can be fertilized one month after planting. It is suggested that "one shoot and two fertilizers" should be applied, that is, the first fertilizer should be applied when the shoot top bud germinates, the new shoot elongation basically stops, and the leaf color changes from red to green. In addition, organic manure is applied to winter fertilizer from November to December every year.

② pruning: longan trees are mainly pruned 1-3 years after planting, 3-4 main branches with uniform distribution and strong growth are cultivated at the trunk height of about 30-50 cm, and then the main branches extend naturally, cutting off overdense branches, disease and insect branches to form a three-dimensional fruiting crown.

6. Result tree management

① fertilizer for promoting flowers: generally applied before December to February of the following year, according to each tree bearing 10kg of fruit, 200g-250g of sulfur compound fertilizer, 100g-150g of urea, 200g of raw bran powder, 400g-500g of calcium superphosphate plus 10-20kg of livestock manure (mixed retting for one month before application), combined with garden cleaning in winter, 1-1.5kg of quicklime per plant.

② strong fruit fertilizer: from flowering to the first physiological fruit drop, urea 100g, compound fertilizer 200g and potassium chloride 250g were applied to each plant according to 10kg of fruit.

③ pre-fruit fertilizer: before the end of June, 10 kg of fruit was applied and 200g urea and 250g compound fertilizer were applied to each plant.

④ fertilizer for tapping shoots: during the growth period of summer and autumn shoots after fruit harvest, 200g of raw bran powder and 10kg of rotten livestock manure were applied within 7 days after fruit harvest, and then 100g-200g urea was applied to each shoot when the new shoots germinated and the new shoots began to turn green.

⑤ watering method: keep the soil relatively dry before flowering (after autumn shoot maturing-later stage of flower bud differentiation), keep soil moist from flowering to autumn shoot emergence, keep water supply balanced, irrigate (or drench) in case of drought, and eliminate stagnant water in time in case of rain.

⑥ control tip to promote flowers: before winter shoot germination (between large and small cold), the trunk with a diameter of about 8-10 cm is girdled. For new shoots pulled out after November, they should be removed manually below 10 cm, or sprayed with ethephon solution or other shoot control agents below 5 cm. For fruit trees that are likely to sprout slightly in winter but not extracted, paclobutrazol can be sprayed in mid-late December to inhibit winter shoot germination.

⑦ strong flower and fruit protection: ring cutting or short cutting of flowers and ears, delaying flowering time to avoid overcast and rainy days, spraying compound nucleotide fruit protectant during flowering period, increasing fruit setting rate and prolonging flowering period, releasing bees to attract flies, shaking flowers after rain, spraying water in dry days, artificial pollination, etc.