High-yield cultivation techniques of blueberry: how to prune fruit trees?

Blueberry, small, sweet and sour taste, has a certain antioxidant function, planting economic benefits are very high. With the popularity of blueberry picking, blueberry plantations have been set up in many places, which can be picked by themselves, adding some fun. Let's learn about the necessity and methods of pruning fruit trees in high-yield cultivation techniques of blueberries.

The purpose of blueberry pruning is to regulate the contradiction between reproductive growth and vegetative growth, solve the problem of ventilation and light transmission of plants, achieve the best yield rather than the highest yield, and prolong the fruiting life.

I. the main methods of pruning

The main methods of blueberry pruning are: cutting, thinning, retraction, flat stubble, removing sprouting (wiping buds), wiping shoots, thinning flowers, thinning fruits.

Second, the period of pruning

Blueberries can be pruned all year round, mainly in winter and supplemented by summer pruning. The pruning after defoliation and before germination is called winter pruning, and the pruning from germination to pre-defoliation is called growing season pruning. The best pruning period for Hanjiang is from November to December.

The methods of winter pruning are: truncation, thinning, retraction, flat stubble. The methods of pruning in the growing season are as follows: de-sprouting (wiping buds), wiping shoots, thinning flowers, thinning fruits, cutting short, and thinning branches.

Third, the pruned tree

It is mainly composed of two-layer happy shape of multi-main branches (suitable for cultivation with wide row spacing) and natural cluster shape (suitable for dwarfing dense planting and dwarf trees).

IV. Determination of the degree of pruning

The degree of pruning should be determined according to the use of the fruit: if it is used for processing, the size of the fruit should be uniform and the pruning should be light, so as to increase the yield; if it is fresh raw food in the market, pruning should be heavy to improve the value of the commodity. Young trees should be cut lightly and old trees should be cut heavily.

Fifth, the order of pruning

First, cut off the disease and insect branches and withered branches; second, first the big branches, then the branchlets; third, remove the blind branches, overdense cross branches, overlapping branches and parallel branches; fourth, make appropriate retraction according to the density and growth of the branches; fifth, cut short according to the sturdiness and growth potential of the annual branches, leaving more flower buds in the sturdy ones and less in the delicate ones.

6. Pruning of young trees

Pruning when planting, cutting off disease, insect and withered branches, thinning weak branches, shortening branches with flower buds, cutting off flower buds. The aim is to have a certain yield in the planting year, but also to ensure the vegetative growth of blueberry plants, and to determine the amount of flower buds according to the size of the plant, which will inhibit vegetative growth after flowering and fruiting. The main purpose of young tree stage is to promote root development, expand tree crown and increase branches. Therefore, flower bud removal is the main method of pruning in young tree stage.

7. Pruning of adult trees

The blueberries planted in Hanjiang now have a high density and a long growing period. if they are well managed, they will be closed in the second year and enter the full fruit period; some enter the full fruit period in the third year. At this time, the pruning is mainly to control the tree height, thinning branches and controlling the amount of flowers. Cut off the fruit branches, disease and insect branches, dead branches; remove the extra sprouting branches at the base, cut off the weak branches in the lower part, and senescent branches; remove the over-dense branches in the tree hall to ensure that the tree hall is transparent.