Seed price and planting method of broccoli

Broccoli, also known as green cauliflower, green cauliflower, broccoli and so on, is a Brassica-biennial herb of Cruciferae, which originated from the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea. It was first planted in Taiwan Province after it was introduced into China at the end of the 19th century. later, it is also cultivated in Guangdong, Fujian, Yunnan, Beijing, Shanghai and other places. Now it is widely cultivated in the north and south of our country. Let's introduce the seed price and planting methods of broccoli.

How much is the seed of broccoli per gram

The price of broccoli seeds is about 1220 yuan per gram, but it varies greatly due to the quality, variety, origin and market of the seeds. In the production of broccoli, varieties with strong plant growth, dark green buds, few burnt buds, round flower heads, few lateral buds, small buds, large flower heads, disease resistance, heat resistance, cold tolerance and wide adaptability should be selected. such as excellent, dragon green, landscape, Yuguan, Oriental Lubao, Wanlu, Lvxiu and other varieties, but must meet the national second-class seed standards before use.

What are the varieties of broccoli

1. Excellent

The early-maturing variety has a prominent mushroom-shaped tip, dark green color, a single bulb weight of 350 to 400 grams, a tight bulb, fine buds, good commerciality and few lateral branches, which is suitable for cultivation in early spring and autumn.

two。 The future

Early-maturing variety, suitable for close planting upright variety, flower ball mushroom-shaped, thick green color, full shape, good commercial, suitable for autumn cultivation.

3. Mountains and rivers

Medium-ripe varieties, vigorous growth, large degree of development, single ball weight of about 500 grams, semicircle, bouquet compact, thin buds, turquoise, poor cold resistance, but strong stress resistance.

4. Green belt

Medium-ripe varieties, single ball weight about 500 grams, prosperous growth, good quality, semicircle, main side flower bulb dual use, fertilizer and water easy to hollow, high temperature and rain easy to appear all over the sky, frost easy to send purple.

5. Holy green

Mid-late maturity varieties, prosperous growth, cold resistance, single ball weight of about 500 grams, semicircle, fine buds, thick green, not easy to hollow.

3. Planting conditions of broccoli

1. Light

Broccoli likes sufficient light, when the light is sufficient, the plant grows healthily, and it can form a strong nutrient, which is conducive to photosynthesis and nutrient accumulation, so that the flower bulb is compact and compact, the color is bright green and the quality is good, but too strong sunshine in midsummer is also not conducive to growth and development.

two。 Temperature

Broccoli has strong cold and heat tolerance. In the range of 5-20 ℃, the higher the temperature is, the faster the growth and development is. The optimum temperature for germination, seedling, rosette and rosette development is 20-25 ℃, 15-20 ℃, 20-22 ℃ and 15-18 ℃, respectively.

3. Water content

There is a large amount of water demand in the growth process of broccoli, especially in the period of vigorous leaf growth and flower head formation, but rainy or high soil moisture at the seedling stage can easily cause black rot and black spot, and the field capacity of soil moisture during the flower head formation period is 70% and 80%.

4. Soil

Broccoli is suitable to be planted on loam and sandy loam with good drainage and irrigation, deep plough layer, loose and fertile soil and strong water and fertility conservation. The range of PH is 5.5-8, and 6 is the best. During the whole growth process, the ratio of N, P and K is 14:5:8.

Fourth, the sowing method of broccoli

1. Sowing time

The sowing time of autumn double mulching cultivation of broccoli is early July, overwintering cultivation in solar greenhouse from late July to August, early spring cultivation in solar greenhouse from early September to early October, early spring cultivation in plastic greenhouse and small arch greenhouse in November, spring plastic film cultivation in January.

two。 Seed soaking treatment

The broccoli seeds were soaked in 33 ℃ warm water for 15 minutes and stirred continuously. When the water temperature dropped to 20 ℃, the broccoli seeds were soaked in warm water for another 4 hours. Rinse with clean water and then sprout.

3. Seed germination

The soaked seeds of broccoli are wrapped in wet cotton gauze and germinated at a temperature of 30 ℃. Rinse with clean water once a day and sow when 60% of the seeds are white.

4. Seedbed selection

The seedling stage of broccoli is short, and the seedling bed is selected in the fields with high terrain, convenient drainage and irrigation, soil rich in organic matter, no cruciferous vegetables or rice in the past two years, and the direction of the seedling bed should be north-south.

5. Apply sufficient base fertilizer

15-20 days before sowing broccoli, 15 kg of compound fertilizer plus 5 kg of superphosphate per mu or 2500 kg of rotten human feces and urine were applied in the first 7-10 days, and a seeding bed with a width of 1.2m was made.

6. Dressing and sowing seeds

Before sowing broccoli, the seedling bed was watered once and 1000 times phoxim and other chemicals were applied. When sowing, the seeds were mixed with an appropriate amount of sand and evenly sowed in the seedbed. After sowing, they were suppressed with a shovel, and then sprinkled with 0.1% carbendazim and dimethazone.

7. Sunshade and heat preservation

After the broccoli was sown in summer, the seedling bed laid a layer of sunshade net, set up a small arch shed, then covered with a layer of sunshade net, carried out double-layer sunshade, moisturizing and cooling seedlings, and covered with a layer of plastic film and a layer of greenhouse film in winter and spring.

Fifth, the planting method of broccoli

1. Soil preparation and fertilization

The root system of broccoli is relatively shallow, so it is required to plant in the land of fertile soil, water and fertilizer conservation. Generally, 100 kg of organic fertilizer, 10 kg of urea, 25 kg of compound fertilizer and 2 kg of borax are used as base fertilizer per mu.

two。 Rational planting

When the growth of broccoli seedlings reaches 6 leaves, the seedlings can be transplanted when the soil temperature of 10 cm is more than 10 ℃ and the seedling age is 30-35 days. The transplanting seedlings should not exceed the cotyledon scars, let alone bury the growing point and water thoroughly after transplanting.

3. Ploughing management

Within 2 days of transplanting, broccoli should inspect the field and replenish seedlings in time, give sufficient nutrients and moisture, loosen the soil, keep the lower soil moist, properly ploughing, eradicate weeds, generally ploughing once, subsoiling combined with topdressing once, artificial weeding twice.

4. Topdressing method

5 kg of urea, 10 kg of potassium sulfate, 25 kg of compound fertilizer and 10 kg of potassium sulfate were applied to broccoli for 7-10 days, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, boron or 0.05-0.10% borax and ammonium molybdate solution were sprayed at the initial stage of flower head formation.

5. Irrigation method

Broccoli needs a little more water than other crops. in addition to properly controlling soil moisture in the seedling stage, sufficient water should be ensured in other growth and development stages, generally using artificial furrow irrigation or mechanical sprinkler irrigation, preferably with advanced sprinkler irrigation equipment.

6. Remove lateral branches

The top bulb of broccoli is a special variety, the lateral branches should be removed before the appearance of the bulb, and there are more lateral branches of the varieties used for both ends, generally leaving 1 or 2 other strong lateral branches in the upper part, so as to reduce nutrient consumption.

7. Temperature management

The normal temperature of broccoli is about 25 ℃ when the flower bulb begins to form, and the high temperature of 30 ℃ in the field can not exceed three consecutive days. Temperature control measures should be taken for more than three days, such as artificial leaf covering, mulch cover, artificial rainfall and so on.

8. Pest control

Broccoli is prone to a variety of diseases and insect pests. After transplantation, we should timely investigate and prevent the occurrence of diseases and insect pests, spray internal inhalers as preventive agents, fumigation and contact killing as control agents, and use green and pollution-free pesticides for prevention and control.