What kind of grain do we often talk about as "whole grains"?

Cereal is the most common staple food on our table, and it is the basic diet necessary for the human body. The theory of "five grains" first appeared in the Spring and Autumn period and the warring States period, and there are different views in different times. What kind of grain do we often talk about as "whole grains"?

1. Different views of the five grains

Five grains are five kinds of cereals. When the term was coined, it did not specify what it meant, nor did it leave a record. There are many different explanations about these five kinds of grains in ancient times. The earliest explanation was written by the Han Dynasty, and there are two main explanations:

1. One theory is rice, millet (sh millet), millet (jelly), wheat and wheat (sh ú, that is, soybean)

2. Another term is hemp (hemp), millet, millet, wheat and millet. The difference between the two is that the former has rice without hemp, while the latter has hemp without rice.

The economic and cultural center of the Han Dynasty was in the Yellow River valley, and the main producing area of rice was in the south, while the cultivation of rice in the north was limited, so there was no rice in the "five grains" at first, probably because of these reasons. so the Han people and later people have the above two different interpretations of the five grains.

2. What kind of grain do you have?

Although there are different versions of the five grains, the six crops above are rice, millet, millet, wheat, millet, and hemp, but with the development of social economy and agricultural production, the concept of five grains is constantly evolving. Now the so-called five grains are actually just the general names of food crops, or generally refer to food crops, and now we are talking about the following five kinds of "five grains":

1. Rice

Rice refers to the seed without removal of rice husk, which consists of rice husk (glume), bran layer, embryo and endosperm from the outside to the inside. it is one of the important food crops for human beings. it has a long history of farming and eating, and rice is formed after it is mature. after rice is peeled, it becomes rice, which is the commodity we see in shopping malls and markets today.

2. Wheat

Wheat is a kind of Gramineae plant widely cultivated all over the world, and it is one of the three major grains (rice, wheat and corn). The caryopsis of wheat is one of the staple foods of human beaches. after grinding into flour, it can be made into bread, steamed bread, biscuits, cakes, noodles, Youtiao and other foods; fermented into beer, alcohol, etc.; wheat can also be used as feed for livestock; wheat stalks can be used as raw materials such as weaving and papermaking.

3. Soybean

Soybean is a kind of leguminous plant whose seeds are rich in protein, of which soybeans are the most common. Soy milk, tofu, tofu skin and so on are most commonly used to make soy milk, tofu, tofu skin and so on. Fermented bean products such as soy sauce and bean paste are also made from beans for seasoning and protein extraction.

4. Corn

Corn is an annual Gramineae herb and the most important food crop with the highest total yield in the world. it is native to Central America and is the main food crop cultivated by Indians. Corn can be eaten directly without threshing and can also be eaten after steaming, cooking and roasting. At the same time, it can also be used as feed and as a raw material for ethanol fuel in the biotechnology industry.

5. Potatoes

Potato crops mainly include sweet potatoes, potatoes (potatoes), yams, taros, etc., which are widely cultivated in most parts of China. Potatoes contain a lot of starch, which can provide us with carbohydrates; on the other hand, potatoes also contain some dietary fiber and vitamin C, which are staple foods and vegetables.

3. What kind of grain do you have in miscellaneous grains?

Miscellaneous grains usually refer to food crops other than grains (rice, wheat, corn, soybeans and potatoes). Mainly: sorghum, millet, buckwheat (sweet buckwheat, Tartary buckwheat), oats (naked oats), barley, millet, millet, barley, seed amaranth and kidney bean (kidney bean), mung bean, adzuki bean (red bean, red bean), broad bean, pea, cowpea, lentil (Bing bean), black bean and so on.

1. Sorghum

Sorghum is a tall annual herb of Gramineae. Sorghum is widely planted in Northeast China. Sorghum has high starch content and is most suitable for brewing liquor.

2. Buckwheat

Buckwheat is a plant of the genus buckwheat in Polygonaceae. Buckwheat is mainly grown in Russia, China, Poland, Canada, Brazil, South Africa and so on. It is generally used for eating, filling pillows and cushions, making wine and making Tartary buckwheat tea drinks.

3. Oats

Oats belong to the genus Oat of Gramineae, also known as brome and wild wheat. oats are generally divided into two categories: Lemma type and naked grain type. oats cultivated in China are mainly naked oats, often called naked oats and naked oats. oats are often made into oats and large oats for sale, and oats are often used as feed for livestock.

Fourth, what are the advantages of eating whole grains regularly?

Nowadays, people pay more and more attention to health. At ordinary times, we should pay attention to balanced nutrition, balanced diet, and eat more grains, fruits and vegetables. What are the benefits of grains? Take a look at the specific effects of 20 common whole grains:

Serial number

Name

Efficacy

one

soybean

Invigorating spleen, moistening dryness, clearing heat, improving iron deficiency anemia and neurasthenia

two

Lentil

Invigorating the spleen, relieving summer heat and resolving dampness

three

Red bean

Promoting diuresis and reducing swelling, invigorating spleen and stomach, and tonifying heart

four

Mung bean

Clearing heat and detoxification, relieving summer heat and removing fire

five

Black bean

Clearing heat, nourishing blood and tonifying kidney, black hair

six

Sweet potato

Moistening the intestines and relieving defecation, invigorating the stomach and replenishing qi

seven

Potato

Tonifying qi, strengthening the spleen, strengthening the body and tonifying the kidney, eliminating inflammation and activating blood circulation, and detumescence

eight

Wheat

Nourish the heart and calm the mind, tonify the kidney and spleen

nine

Oat

Beauty, delay aging, lose weight and lose weight

ten

Buckwheat

Appetizer, defecation, heat-clearing and detoxification

eleven

Barley

Detoxify heat, tonify qi, eliminate food and appetizer, stop diarrhea and cool blood

twelve

Rice

Tonifying the spleen and stomach and clearing the lung

thirteen

millet

Tonifying the kidney and stomach, eliminating heat and tonifying deficiency, is a good sleeping food.

fourteen

Purple rice

Nourishing yin and tonifying kidney, invigorating spleen, discerning eyes and promoting blood circulation

fifteen

Black rice

Appetizer, eyesight, promoting blood circulation and tonifying essence

sixteen

Coix barley

Invigorate the spleen and stomach, eliminate edema, dispel rheumatism and clear lung heat

seventeen

sticky rice

Help digestion, calm the mind, relieve fatigue and dizziness

eighteen

Brown rice

Aid digestion, improve rough skin and prevent beriberi

nineteen

Corn

Help to lose weight and remove grease

twenty

Sorghum

Relieve diarrhea, urinate, invigorate the spleen, replenish qi and clear the stomach

Conclusion: the above is a brief introduction to cereals. I believe we all know which grains are grains and which are miscellaneous grains, which are the most nourishing for people to nourish the stomach. Nowadays, when the weather gets cold, you can eat more whole grains. Only when the staple food is varied and matched can you ensure the nutrition that your body needs.