Efficient cultivation techniques of Pleurotus ostreatus

Pleurotus ostreatus can be cultivated all year round, but the benefit is the highest in the high temperature season. The following editor will introduce the efficient cultivation techniques of Pleurotus ostreatus.

I. main points of planting

1. The planting place should be dark and humid. Under the condition of ensuring ventilation, the flat mushroom farm should choose places with cool, humid and remarkable cooling effect, such as ground shade shed, semi-underground shade shed, air-raid shelter, basement and so on; caves and caves, the construction of the shed should choose the place with trees around and the groundwater next to it, and can increase the temperature difference between day and night, which is beneficial to the growth of Pleurotus ostreatus hyphae.

2. In principle, the selection of varieties is based on the temperature of Pleurotus ostreatus field. There are several kinds: high temperature, medium temperature, low temperature and wide temperature. In summer production, high-temperature strains should be selected, the hyphae should be stout and grow strongly: on the contrary, high-temperature-resistant aging bacteria should not be used, otherwise the yield will be greatly reduced.

3. In order to make full use of the culture medium, increase the yield of Pleurotus ostreatus and avoid the occurrence of high temperature burning, the specification length of the cultivation bag should be reduced to 40-42 cm and the diameter 20-22 cm.

4. Select the cultivation raw materials to ensure the air permeability and avoid the increase of the natural temperature of the raw materials. The ideal summer raw materials should be cottonseed hulls (without or little short velvet), fresh and mildew-free cultivation materials, and appropriately reduce the amount of nitrogen fertilizer and increase the amount of gypsum.

5. In summer, the proportion of water should be controlled to control the mold reproduction and the increase of natural temperature of the cultivation bag materials. The medium drying is better, and the ratio of material to water should not exceed 1.1.

6. Pile fermentation, clinker cultivation, pile fermentation, as far as possible on the cement floor, the material is not pressed in real time, the material stack should not be too wide or too high, and the material heap should be filled with pores, and the material heap surface should be covered with little or no plastic cloth as far as possible. avoid poor ventilation, resulting in anaerobic fermentation, in order to improve the success rate, clinker production should be used in high temperature season, atmospheric pressure sterilization and twice inoculation, so as to evenly distribute and cover the material surface as far as possible.

II. Key points of germ management

The main results are as follows: 1. According to the high temperature strain, the temperature range is 15-36 ℃, the production time of Pleurotus ostreatus is from May to September, and the best cultivation period is from mid-March to early March.

2. Spray or fumigation should be carried out in the bacteria room in advance.

Spray with Venus disinfectant or carbendazim diluted 100 times, with 15-20 grams of sulfur powder per cubic meter or 2 packets of disinfectant fumigation, there should be cool and ventilation settings.

3, well-shaped bag or germ on the ground, check the material temperature every day, the material temperature exceeds 30 °C, immediately charge the heat to prevent the local temperature from rising and burn the material. The air relative humidity is kept at 60-70%, which is not too high. The vent pressed against the window screen.

3. Key points of mushroom production management

1. Stimulate mushrooms, the distance between rods is 2-3 cm, and cover the ground with a layer of plastic woven bag to ensure that the mushroom body is clean. In case of sudden high temperature, groundwater should be poured into the ground or wall in time to cool down; ground water should be irrigated to enlarge the temperature difference between day and night to stimulate mushroom production.

2. Ventilate in time to avoid abnormal Pleurotus ostreatus after mycelium filling bag sprouts, open the bag mouth in time and keep the bag culture medium moist. At the same time, open the doors and windows for ventilation. Otherwise, the stalk of Pleurotus ostreatus is slender and the bottle cap is small and thin, which greatly reduces the commercial nature.

3. In order to ensure air humidity and increase the amount of spray, the air is relatively dry in summer. The number of sprinklers should be maintained at 3-5 times a day on a sunny day. The spraying object is not only limited to the flat mushroom body and culture medium, but also has ambient air to ensure that the air humidity is between 85% and 95%.

4. Take off the bag and cover the soil to produce mushrooms, mainly to supplement the water and nutrients of the medium and increase the yield of Pleurotus ostreatus. Pleurotus ostreatus after two tides, the loss of water dispersion is serious, to cover Pleurotus ostreatus, the soil layer should not be too thick, it should be about 2cm. At the same time, it must also shade and spray water. When spraying water, the amount of water should not be too large, too fierce, do not spray water after Pleurotus ostreatus, in order to ensure the quality of Pleurotus ostreatus body.

5. post-harvest management, after 3-5 days, the first batch of Pleurotus ostreatus began to be harvested. After harvest, the remaining stems and dried mushrooms should be cleaned in time to prevent the occurrence of diseases and insect pests. When the second batch of Pleurotus ostreatus grows to a diameter of about 2cm, additional or additional yield can be sprayed to increase yield. The second batch of Pleurotus ostreatus needs to be sprayed after picking: add 0, 2% salt and 2% soybean milk mixture after drying the nutrient solution to increase the cover thickness of Pleurotus ostreatus to achieve high quality and high yield.

IV. Pest control

1. Before planting, the rooms and sheds used are thoroughly disinfected, such as spraying pesticides around the houses, spraying lime powder, disinfecting with formaldehyde and potassium permanganate.

2. At high temperature, insects are found in the stage of Pleurotus ostreatus, which can be sprayed or injected into the cultivation bag by insect mites, Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus ostreatus, etc. In view of yellow disease of Pleurotus ostreatus, agricultural streptomycin, king of Pleurotus ostreatus, rotten fungus and other drugs were used instead of control.

3. The main physiological diseases include the death of Pleurotus ostreatus buds, non-formation of cap, edema and decay, etc. In view of different causes, corresponding prevention and control measures should be taken to avoid the use of aging bacteria, evenly sow seeds, properly ventilate the buds, reduce the amount of spray, control the excessive density of buds, and effectively prevent the wilting and death of buds.